Background
Key HDSS Concepts and Methods
The Design and Procedures for the NUHDSS
Procedures of the NUHDSS
Year | Population monitored during the year | Population on 1st January | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Korogocho | Viwandani | NUHDSS | Korogocho | Viwandani | NUHDSS | |
2003 | 29,708 | 37,496 | 67,204 | 23,328 | 26,105 | 49,433 |
2004 | 32,469 | 40,739 | 73,208 | 25,373 | 30,009 | 55,382 |
2005 | 32,329 | 35,994 | 68,323 | 26,409 | 26,673 | 53,082 |
2006 | 32,690 | 36,987 | 69,677 | 26,877 | 28,563 | 55,440 |
2007 | 32,186 | 38,998 | 71,184 | 26,996 | 30,163 | 57,159 |
2008 | 31,904 | 41,182 | 73,086 | 25,741 | 31,605 | 57,346 |
2009 | 33,880 | 44,276 | 78,156 | 26,277 | 34,392 | 60,669 |
Mean number | 32,167 | 39,382 | 71,548 | 25,857 | 29,644 | 55,502 |
% Change 2003–2009 | 14.04% | 18.08% | 16.30% | 12.64% | 31.74% | 22.73% |
2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Korogocho | 3.4 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.7 |
Viwandani | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.2 |
Overall | 3.2 | 3.8 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.4 |
Nairobi (KDHS) | 2.7 | – | – | – | – | 2.8 | – |
Urban Kenya (KDHS) | 3.3 | – | – | – | – | 2.9 | – |
Kenya (KDHS) | 4.9 | – | – | – | – | 4.6 | – |
2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infant mortality | |||||||
Korogocho | 108.9 | 91.1 | 86.9 | 77.7 | 79.4 | 75.6 | 73.1 |
Viwandani | 60.9 | 64.3 | 65.5 | 63.7 | 49.3 | 57.5 | 46.6 |
Overall | 82.3 | 78.4 | 76.4 | 70.4 | 63.7 | 65.5 | 58.5 |
Nairobi (DHS) | 75.5 | – | – | – | – | 59.6 | – |
Urban Kenya (KDHS) | 61.1 | – | – | – | – | 62.8 | – |
Kenya (KDHS) | 75.5 | – | – | – | – | 59.2 | – |
Under-5 mortality | |||||||
Korogocho | 150.4 | 127.9 | 126.1 | 130.9 | 110.4 | 99.8 | 92.5 |
Viwandani | 80.0 | 82.8 | 87.2 | 87.1 | 67.1 | 75.0 | 67.5 |
Overall | 112.8 | 106.3 | 107.1 | 108.9 | 87.7 | 86.2 | 78.7 |
Nairobi (DHS) | 94.7 | – | – | – | – | 63.5 | – |
Urban Kenya (KDHS) | 93.5 | – | – | – | – | 74.5 | – |
Kenya (KDHS) | 112.7 | – | – | – | – | 83.7 | – |
Migratory status | Korogocho | Viwandani | Both Sites | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | Total | Female | Male | Total | Female | Male | Total | |
Non migrant | 26.4 | 23.5 | 24.8 | 5.9 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 15.6 | 12.3 | 13.7 |
Migrant | 73.6 | 76.5 | 75.2 | 94.1 | 95.2 | 94.8 | 84.4 | 87.7 | 86.3 |
Total | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
N | 2,714 | 3,299 | 6,013 | 2,497 | 4,127 | 6,624 | 5,169 | 7,468 | 12,637 |
Key NUHDSS Challenges
Key Demographic, Health, and Economic Indicators
Population Structure and Changes
Trends in Total Fertility Rate
Trends in Child Mortality Indicators
Migration Trends
Place of residence | Korogocho | Viwandani | Whole DSA | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | |
Non-DSA | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.1 |
Korogocho/Viwandani | ||||||
Other Nairobi slum | 12.5 | 12.2 | 8.5 | 11.0 | 10.3 | 11.5 |
Nairobi non-slum | 22.9 | 23.6 | 21.8 | 24.9 | 22.3 | 24.4 |
Other urban area of Kenya | 2.2 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 5.5 | 2.6 | 4.7 |
Rural Kenya | 60.3 | 58.8 | 65.9 | 57.4 | 63.4 | 57.9 |
Outside Kenya | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
Korogocho | Viwandani | |
---|---|---|
Mean duration of stay | ||
Females | 13.75 | 6.65 |
Males | 14.42 | 8.15 |
Overall | 14.13 | 7.59 |
Proportions | ||
Females | ||
Less than 1 year | 2.73 | 5.33 |
1–4 years | 21.79 | 40.42 |
5–9 years | 18.11 | 28.54 |
More than 10 years | 57.37 | 25.71 |
Total cases | 1,869 | 2,607 |
Males | ||
Less than 1 year | 1.72 | 3.41 |
1–4 years | 18.42 | 31.23 |
5–9 years | 16.42 | 29.16 |
More than 10 years | 63.44 | 36.2 |
Total | 2,222 | 4,118 |
Location | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | Average |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In-migration rate | ||||||||
Korogocho | 20.0 | 24.4 | 21.6 | 21.2 | 19.1 | 23.3 | 28.1 | 22.5 |
Viwandani | 31.4 | 41.8 | 34.1 | 28.4 | 28.1 | 28.1 | 26.5 | 31.2 |
Overall | 26.1 | 33.1 | 28.0 | 25.0 | 24.0 | 26.0 | 27.2 | 27.1 |
Out-migration rate | ||||||||
Korogocho | 17.8 | 24.3 | 21.3 | 21.8 | 25.2 | 22.8 | 22.5 | 22.2 |
Viwandani | 27.2 | 58.0 | 28.9 | 24.4 | 25.1 | 21.6 | 21.1 | 29.5 |
Overall | 22.9 | 41.3 | 25.2 | 23.2 | 25.1 | 22.1 | 21.7 | 25.9 |
Net migration rate | ||||||||
Korogocho | 2.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | −0.7 | −6.1 | 0.5 | 5.7 | 0.3 |
Viwandani | 4.1 | −16.2 | 5.2 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 6.5 | 5.4 | 1.7 |
Overall | 3.3 | −8.1 | 2.8 | 1.8 | −1.1 | 3.9 | 5.5 | 1.1 |
Poverty and Livelihood Status
Economic Activity status | Whole DSA | Korogocho | Viwandani | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | Total | Female | Male | Total | Female | Male | Total | |
Sa1aried Employment | 3.6 | 22.3 | 14.4 | 1.8 | 5.1 | 3.6 | 5.1 | 32.6 | 21.6 |
Established Business | 11.0 | 9.1 | 9.9 | 12.1 | 12.4 | 12.2 | 10.2 | 7.2 | 8.4 |
Unestablished Business | 13.0 | 9.1 | 10.7 | 15.1 | 13.2 | 14.1 | 11.4 | 6.6 | 8.5 |
Casual Employment | 21.4 | 49.8 | 37.8 | 18.6 | 54.9 | 38.1 | 23.5 | 46.8 | 37.5 |
Economically Inactive | 50.5 | 9.3 | 26.8 | 51.4 | 13.6 | 31.2 | 49.8 | 6.8 | 23.9 |
Activity unspecified | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Total | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
N | 14,686 | 19,887 | 34,573 | 6,433 | 7,415 | 13,848 | 8,253 | 12,472 | 20,725 |
Source of water | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | |
Piped Water Bought from Vendors/Kiosks | 92.3 | 90.6 | 90.9 | 94.8 |
Tanks | 1.5 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 4.1 |
Private taps | 6.1 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 1.1 |
Other | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
Lighting source | ||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | |
Kerosene | 67.4 | 78.3 | 59.3 | 62.4 |
Electricity | 32.1 | 21.2 | 40.3 | 37.3 |
Other | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
Cooking Fuel | ||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | |
Kerosene | 85.8 | 91.9 | 80.6 | 86.8 |
Electricity/gas | 1.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.3 |
Other (charcoal, dung, briquettes, etc.) | 12.5 | 7.4 | 18.5 | 11.9 |
Type of toilet | ||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | |
Private toilet | 2.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.8 |
Shared toilet | 74.9 | 63.0 | 54.4 | 54.1 |
Flush trench toilets/toilets without working flush | 21.6 | 35.3 | 44.4 | 43.7 |
No toilet | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 1.4 |
Garbage disposal | ||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | |
Dump site/garbage services/pits | 30.6 | 27.1 | 23.9 | 25.1 |
No garbage disposal arrangement | 69.4 | 72.9 | 76.1 | 74.9 |
Poverty status | |||
---|---|---|---|
2006 | 2009 | - | |
Below poverty line | 55.2 | 34.7 | - |
Above poverty line | 44.8 | 65.3 | - |
Total | 100.0 | 100.0 | |
Poverty transition between 2006 and 2009 | |||
Below poverty line 2009 | Above poverty line 2009 | Total | |
Below poverty line 2006 | 53.2 | 46.8 | 100.0 |
Above poverty line 2006 | 30.2 | 69.8 | 100.0 |