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Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: consensus statement of the GCC countries’ osteoporosis societies under the auspices of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO)

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Abstract

Summary

A consensus platform is provided by the experts of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries’ respective osteoporosis societies, on which specific guidelines can be developed further for regional use on the assessment and treatment of postmenopausal women at risk from fractures due to osteoporosis.

Introduction

Guidance is provided in a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) country setting on the assessment and treatment of postmenopausal women at risk from fractures due to osteoporosis, which is an adaptation of the European guidance by Kanis et al., jointly published by the International Osteoporosis Foundation and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO). The respective osteoporosis societies of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries assembled for a unifying consensus on the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women for the region.

Methods

The Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases (CBCD) in King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), in cooperation with the Saudi Osteoporosis Society (SOS), hosted regional experts and respective leaders from different GCC osteoporosis societies, together with an adviser from the ESCEO. An assembly of experts representing the different osteoporosis societies from Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Bahrain, Oman, and Kuwait gathered on February 15–16, 2019 in Riyadh, KSA for the formulation of a general osteoporosis consensus for the region.

Results

The following areas were covered: diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk; general and pharmacological management of osteoporosis; and hip fractures, vitamin D, recommendation on which FRAX tool to follow, and the importance of country-specific FRAX® and fracture liaison services for secondary fracture prevention.

Conclusions

A platform is provided on which specific guidelines can be developed for regional use in GCC.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the guidance and permission provided by IOF and ESCEO in adapting the European guidelines for GCC use. The authors are grateful to the Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Deanship of Scientific Research Chairs in King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for their support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Yousef Al-Saleh, Nasser M. Al-Daghri, Shaun Sabico & Jean-Yves Reginster

  2. College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, 22490, Saudi Arabia

    Yousef Al-Saleh

  3. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia

    Yousef Al-Saleh

  4. Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, 14611, Saudi Arabia

    Yousef Al-Saleh

  5. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Jaber Al-Ahmad Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait

    Thamer Alessa

  6. Department of Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar

    Samar Al Emadi

  7. Department of Medicine, Dubai Hospital, Dubai, UAE

    Fatheya Alawadi

  8. Al Nahdha Hospital, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman

    Salim Al Qasaabi

  9. Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman

    Abdullah Alfutaisi

  10. Mediclinic Welcare Hospital, Dubai, UAE

    Mustafa Al Izzi

  11. Nursing Department, Bahrain University, Manama, Bahrain

    Jameela Mukhaimer

  12. Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Dubai Hospital, Dubai, UAE

    Abdul Rahim Suhaili

  13. Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium

    Jean-Yves Reginster

  14. College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Riad Sulimani

Authors
  1. Yousef Al-Saleh
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  2. Nasser M. Al-Daghri
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  3. Shaun Sabico
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  4. Thamer Alessa
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  7. Salim Al Qasaabi
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Contributions

The views expressed in this article represent the outcomes of a working group jointly organized by the Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases (NMA) and Saudi Osteoporosis Society (YS, RS) in King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, on February 15–16, 2019. The working group are representatives of their respective osteoporosis societies within the GCC, together with the president of ESCEO (JYR) who served as adviser, and were invited for their expertise in osteoporosis. Members of the working group (YS, NMA, TA, AA, MA, JM, SAQ, JYR, AS, and RS) were assigned topics of importance relevant to the region in advance of the meeting for discussion. Following the meeting, a first draft was made (SS) and was circulated to all including those who were not able to attend (FA, SAE) for their review and input. Following 3 rounds of review from all members, the final draft was formatted and submitted by YS. All authors met the ICMJE criteria for authorship and gave final approval of the version to be published.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nasser M. Al-Daghri.

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Conflicts of interest

YS received speaker honoraria from Eli Lilly and Amgen. TA received speaker honoraria from Amgen and Novartis. JYR received consulting fees and/or paid advisory boards for IBSA-Genevrier, MYLAN, Radius Health, and Pierre Fabre; lecture fees when speaking at the invitation of IBSA-Genevrier, MYLAN, CNIEL, and Diary Research Council (DRC); and grant support from IBSA-Genevrier, MYLAN, CNIEL, and Radius Health. NMA, SS, TA, AA, MA, JM, SAQ, AS, and RS have no conflicts to declare.

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Endorsements

This consensus report is endorsed by the following societies:

Saudi Osteoporosis Society

Kuwait Osteoporosis Society

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Gulf Chapter

Emirates Osteoporosis Society

Emirates Diabetes Society

Oman Medical Association

Bahrain Osteoporosis Society

Qatar Osteoporosis Society

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Al-Saleh, Y., Al-Daghri, N.M., Sabico, S. et al. Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: consensus statement of the GCC countries’ osteoporosis societies under the auspices of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO). Arch Osteoporos 15, 109 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-020-00778-5

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