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Abnormalities in brain white matter in adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and psychotic symptoms

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Abstract

Background

22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11DS) is considered to be a promising cohort to explore biomarkers of schizophrenia risk based on a 30 % probability of developing schizophrenia in adulthood. In this study, we investigated abnormalities in the microstructure of white matter in adolescents with 22q11DS and their specificity to prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia.

Methods

Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) data were acquired from 50 subjects with 22q11DS (9 with and 41 without prodromal psychotic symptoms), and 47 matched healthy controls (mean age 18 +/−2 years). DMRI measures, including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were calculated and compared between groups using the Tract Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) method. Additionally, correlations between dMRI measures and scores on positive symptoms were performed.

Results

Reductions in MD, AD and RD (but not FA) were found in the corpus callosum (CC), left and right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and left and right corona radiata in the entire 22q11DS group. In addition, the 22q11DS subgroup with prodromal symptoms showed reductions in AD and MD, but no changes in RD when compared to the non-prodromal subgroup, in CC, right SLF, right corona radiata and right internal capsule. Finally, AD values in these tracts correlated with the scores on the psychosis subscale.

Conclusion

Microstructural abnormalities in brain white matter are present in adolescent subjects with prodromal psychotic symptoms.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health R01MH064824 (to WRK), R21MH106793 (to ZK), R01 MH102377 (to MK), VA Merit Award (to MES).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Zora Kikinis, Sylvain Bouix, Ryan Eckbo, Nikos Makris, Marek Kubicki & Martha E. Shenton

  2. Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Department of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

    Kang Ik K. Cho & Jun Soo Kwon

  3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA

    Ioana L. Coman, Petya D. Radoeva, Wanda Fremont & Wendy R. Kates

  4. Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Yingying Tang

  5. Psychiatry and Neurology Departments, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Nikos Makris

  6. Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Jun Soo Kwon

  7. Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Marek Kubicki & Martha E. Shenton

  8. Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA

    Kevin M. Antshel

  9. VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA, USA

    Martha E. Shenton

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  1. Zora Kikinis
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  2. Kang Ik K. Cho
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  3. Ioana L. Coman
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  14. Wendy R. Kates
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Correspondence to Zora Kikinis.

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None of the authors have a financial conflict of interest regarding this report.

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All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, and the applicable revisions at the time of the investigation. Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

Additional information

Endnote: A preliminary analysis of this study has been included in an abstract for the 2014 meeting of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience.

Martha E. Shenton and Wendy R. Kates Equal Last Authorship

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Kikinis, Z., Cho, K.I.K., Coman, I.L. et al. Abnormalities in brain white matter in adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and psychotic symptoms. Brain Imaging and Behavior 11, 1353–1364 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-016-9602-x

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