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Structural changes in brain regions involved in executive-control and self-referential processing after sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients

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Abstract

Obesity-related brain gray (GM) and white matter (WM) abnormalities have been reported in regions associated with food-intake control and cognitive-emotional regulation. Bariatric surgery (BS) is the most effective way to treat obesity and induce structural recovery of GM/WM density and WM integrity. It is unknown whether the surgery can promote structural changes in cortical morphometry along with weight-loss. Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging and surface-based morphometry analysis were used to investigate BS-induced alterations of cortical morphometry in 22 obese participants who were tested before and one month post-BS, and in 21 obese controls (Ctr) without surgery who were tested twice (Baseline and One-month). Results showed that fasting plasma ghrelin, insulin, and leptin levels were significantly reduced post-BS (P < 0.001). Post-BS there were significant decreases in cortical thickness in the precuneus (PFDR < 0.05) that were associated with decreases in BMI. There were also significant increases post-BS in cortical thickness in middle (MFG) and superior (SFG) frontal gyri, superior temporal gyrus (STG), insula and ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC); and in cortical volume in left postcentral gyrus (PostCen) and vACC (PFDR < 0.05). Post-BS changes in SFG were associated with decreases in BMI. These findings suggest that structural changes in brain regions implicated in executive control and self-referential processing are associated with BS-induced weight-loss.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61431013, 81470816, 81501543, 81601563, and 81730016; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xi’an, China under Grant No. 2015BAI13B07; and support in part from the Intramural Research Program of the United States National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, Z01AA3009 (ESK, DT, NDV, GJW). We thank Mingzhu Xu and Long Qian for their contribution to the manuscript.

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  1. Li Liu and Gang Ji contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, Shaanxi, China

    Li Liu, Guanya Li, Yang Hu, Qingchao Jin, Chunxin Hu, Qianqian Meng, Karen M. von Deneen, Jie Tian & Yi Zhang

  2. Xijing Gastrointestinal Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changle West Road, Xi’an, 710032, Shaanxi, China

    Gang Ji, Qingchuan Zhao, Kaichun Wu & Yongzhan Nie

  3. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China

    Jizheng Zhao

  4. Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Antao Chen

  5. Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, Shaanxi, China

    Guangbin Cui

  6. Depart of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, Shaanxi, China

    Huaning Wang

  7. Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Jie Tian

  8. Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, MSC1013, Building 10, Room B2L304, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1013, USA

    Ehsan Shokri-Kojori, Dardo Tomasi, Nora D. Volkow & Gene-Jack Wang

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Liu, L., Ji, G., Li, G. et al. Structural changes in brain regions involved in executive-control and self-referential processing after sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients. Brain Imaging and Behavior 13, 830–840 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-018-9904-2

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