Skip to main content
Hauptrubriken
CME Facharzt-Training Webinare Zeitschriften Bücher e.Medpedia Podcast
Service
Jobbörse Info & Hilfe
Fachgebiete
Anästhesiologie Allgemeinmedizin Arbeitsmedizin Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kardiologie Neurologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie Pädiatrie Pathologie Psychiatrie Radiologie Rechtsmedizin Urologie Zahnmedizin
Themen
Klimawandel und Gesundheit Neues aus dem Markt COVID-19 Praxis und Beruf Seltene Erkrankungen GOÄ & EBM Panorama
Sammlungen
Kasuistiken Algorithmen & Infografiken Blickdiagnosen Arthropedia FlapFinder (für Dermatochirurgen) Videos Kongressberichterstattung Medizin für Apothekerinnen und Apotheker Für Ärztinnen und Ärzte in Weiterbildung Für Medizinstudierende
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Current Diabetes Reports
Erschienen in: Current Diabetes Reports 2/2010

01.04.2010

Usefulness of Vegetarian and Vegan Diets for Treating Type 2 Diabetes

verfasst von: Caroline B. Trapp, Neal D. Barnard

Erschienen in: Current Diabetes Reports | Ausgabe 2/2010

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Significant benefits for diabetes prevention and management have been observed with vegetarian and especially vegan diets. This article reviews observational studies and intervention trials on such diets, and discusses their efficacy, nutritional adequacy, acceptability, and sustainability. Research to date has demonstrated that a low-fat, plant-based nutritional approach improves control of weight, glycemia, and cardiovascular risk. These studies have also shown that carefully planned vegan diets can be more nutritious than diets based on more conventional diet guidelines, with an acceptability that is comparable with that of other therapeutic regimens. Current intervention guidelines from professional organizations offer support for this approach. Vegetarian and vegan diets present potential advantages in managing type 2 diabetes that merit the attention of individuals with diabetes and their caregivers.
Literatur
1.
2.
Bantle JP, Wylie-Rosett J, Albright AL, et al.: Nutrition recommendations and interventions for diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 2008, 31(Suppl 1):S61–S78.PubMed
3.
4.
Barnard ND, Katcher HI, Jenkins DJ, et al.: Vegetarian and vegan diets in type 2 diabetes management. Nutr Rev 2009, 67:255–263.CrossRefPubMed
5.
• Barnard ND, Cohen J, Jenkins DJ, et al.: A low-fat vegan diet and a conventional diabetes diet in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a randomized, controlled, 74-wk clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2009, 89:1588S–1596S. This study of individuals with type 2 diabetes demonstrated that long-term weight reduction may be facilitated with a low-fat vegan diet or a diet based on conventional guidelines. The vegan diet appeared to be more effective for control of glycemia and plasma lipid concentrations when medication changes were controlled. The vegan diet achieved beneficial outcomes without requiring restrictions of total caloric intake, carbohydrates, or portion sizes.
6.
Berkow SE, Barnard ND: Blood pressure regulation and vegetarian diets. Nutr Rev 2005, 63:1–8.CrossRefPubMed
7.
8.
Dowse GK, Gareeboo H, Zimmet PZ, et al.: High prevalence of NIDDM and impaired glucose tolerance in Indian, Creole, and Chinese Mauritians. Mauritius Noncommunicable Disease Study Group. Diabetes 1990, 39:390–396.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Zimmet P, Dowse G, Finch C, et al.: The epidemiology and natural history of NIDDM—lessons from the South Pacific. Diabetes Metab Rev 1990, 6:91–124.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Flegal KM, Ezzati TM, Harris MI, et al.: Prevalence of diabetes in Mexican Americans, Cubans, and Puerto Ricans from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1982–1984. Diabetes Care 1991, 14:628–638.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Kuzuya T: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Japan compiled from literature. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1994, 24(Suppl):S15–S21.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Lee ET, Welty TK, Cowan LD, et al.: Incidence of diabetes in American Indians of three geographic areas: the Strong Heart Study. Diabetes Care 2002, 25:49–54.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Ko GT, Wu MM, Wai HP, et al.: Rapid increase in the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in asymptomatic Hong Kong Chinese. Diabetes Care 1999, 22:1751–1752.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Dahiru T, Jibo A, Hassan AA, Mande AT: Prevalence of diabetes in a semi-urban community in Northern Nigeria. Niger J Med 2008, 17:414–416.PubMed
15.
Snowdon DA, Phillips RL: Does a vegetarian diet reduce the occurrence of diabetes? Am J Public Health 1985, 75:507–512.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Vang A, Singh PN, Lee JW, et al.: Meats, processed meats, obesity, weight gain and occurrence of diabetes among adults: findings from Adventist Health Studies. Ann Nutr Metab 2008, 52:96–104.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Fung TT, Schulze M, Manson JE, et al.: Dietary patterns, meat intake, and the risk of type 2 diabetes in women. Arch Intern Med 2004, 164:2235–2240.CrossRefPubMed
18.
•• Tonstad S, Butler T, Yan R, Fraser GE: Type of vegetarian diet, body weight, and prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009, 32:791–796. This cohort study of 60,903 individuals found that those following a vegan diet had approximately half the risk of type 2 diabetes, compared with those following nonvegetarian diets, in analyses controlled for body weight, activity, and socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Inclusion of meat or dairy products, even on a less-than-weekly basis, was associated with increased risk.
19.
Aune D, Ursin G, Veierod MB: Meat consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Diabetologia 2009, 52:2277–2287.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Anderson J, Ward K: High-carbohydrate, high-fiber diets for insulin-treated men with diabetes mellitus. Am J Clin Nutr 1979, 32:2312–2321.PubMed
21.
Barnard RJ, Jung T, Inkeles SB: Diet and exercise in the treatment of NIDDM. The Need for early emphasis. Diabetes Care 1994, 17:1469–1472.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Barnard ND, Cohen J, Jenkins DJ, et al. A low-fat vegan diet improves glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in a randomized clinical trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2006, 29:1777–1783.CrossRefPubMed
23.
24.
Appleby PN, Davey GK, Key TJ: Hypertension and blood pressure among meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians and vegans in EPIC-Oxford. Public Health Nutr 2002, 5:645–654.PubMed
25.
Ferdowsian HR, Barnard ND: Effects of plant-based diets on plasma lipids. Am J Cardiol 2009, 104:947–956.CrossRefPubMed
26.
27.
Esselstyn CB Jr: Updating a 12-year experience with arrest and reversal therapy for coronary heart disease (an overdue requiem for palliative cardiology). Am J Cardiol 1999, 84:339–341, A8.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Ornish D, Brown SE, Scherwitz LW, et al.: Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? The Lifestyle Heart Trial. Lancet 1990, 336:129–133.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Pischke CR, Weidner G, Elliott-Eller M, et al.: Comparison of coronary risk factors and quality of life in coronary artery disease patients with versus without diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol 2006, 97:1267–1273.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Soroka N, Silverberg DS, Greemland M, et al.: Comparison of a vegetable-based (soya) and an animal-based low-protein diet in predialysis chronic renal failure patients. Nephron 1998, 79:173–180.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Knight EL, Stampfer MJ, Hankinson SE, et al.: The impact of protein intake on renal function decline in women with normal renal function or mild renal insufficiency. Ann Intern Med 2003, 138:460–467.PubMed
32.
de Mello V, Zelmanovitz T, Perassolo M, et al.: Withdrawal of red meat from the usual diet reduces albuminuria and improves serum fatty acid profile in type 2 diabetes patients with macroalbuminuria. Am J Clin Nutr 2006, 83:1032–1038.PubMed
33.
Crane MG: Regression of diabetic neuropathy with total vegetarian (vegan) diet. J Nutr Med 1994, 4:431–439.CrossRef
34.
35.
Barnard ND, ed.: Dr. Neal Barnard's Program for Reversing Diabetes. New York: Rodale, Inc.; 2007.
36.
• Turner-McGrievy GM, Barnard ND, Cohen J, et al.: Changes in nutrient intake and dietary quality among participants with type 2 diabetes following a low-fat vegan diet or a conventional diabetes diet for 22 weeks. J Am Diet Assoc 2008, 108:1636–1645. This randomized, controlled clinical study found that participants following a low-fat, plant-based diet almost doubled their intake of fruit and vegetables, and improved the overall nutritional quality of their diet to a greater extent than those following a conventional diabetes diet. Both dietary groups were low in vitamins D and E, calcium and potassium, and consumed excess sodium.
37.
McCullough ML, Willett WC: Evaluating adherence to recommended diets in adults: the Alternate Healthy Eating Index. Public Health Nutr 2006, 9:152–157.CrossRefPubMed
38.
•• Craig WJ, Mangels AR: Position of the American Dietetic Association: vegetarian diets. J Am Diet Assoc 2009, 109:1266–1282. This position paper offers a comprehensive, evidence-based summary of the health effects of vegetarian and vegan diets across the life span and their role in the preventing and treating specific chronic diseases. Important nutrition considerations are addressed.
39.
American Diabetes Association: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2010. Diabetes Care 2010, 33(Suppl 1):S11–S61.CrossRef
40.
Barnard ND, Scialli AR, Turner-McGrievy G, Lanou AJ: Acceptability of a low-fat vegan diet compares favorably to a step II diet in a randomized, controlled trial. J Cardiopulm Rehabil 2004, 24:229–235.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Turner-McGrievy GM, Barnard ND, Scialli AR, Lanou AJ: Effects of a low-fat vegan diet and a Step II diet on macro- and micronutrient intakes in overweight postmenopausal women. Nutrition 2004, 20:738–746.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Barnard ND, Scialli AR, Bertron P, et al.: Effectiveness of a low-fat vegetarian diet in altering serum lipids in healthy premenopausal women. Am J Cardiol 2000, 85:969–972.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Barnard ND, Gloede L, Cohen J, et al.: A low-fat vegan diet elicits greater macronutrient changes, but is comparable in adherence and acceptability, compared with a more conventional diabetes diet among individuals with type 2 diabetes. J Am Diet Assoc 2009, 109:263–272.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Young DR, Vollmer WM, King AC, et al.: Can individuals meet multiple physical activity and dietary behavior goals? Am J Health Behav 2009, 33:277–286.PubMed
45.
Turner-McGrievy GM, Barnard ND, Scialli AR: A two-year randomized weight loss trial comparing a vegan diet to a more moderate low-fat diet. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2007, 15:2276–2281.CrossRef
46.
Smith CF, Burke LE, Wing RR: Vegetarian and weight-loss diets among young adults. Obes Res 2000, 8:123–129.CrossRefPubMed
47.
Kuo CS, Lai NS, Ho LT, Lin CL: Insulin sensitivity in Chinese ovo-lactovegetarians compared with omnivores. Eur J Clin Nutr 2004, 58:312–316.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Petersen KF, Dufour S, Befroy D, et al.: Impaired mitochondrial activity in the insulin-resistant offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2004, 350:664–671.CrossRefPubMed
49.
Jehn M, Clark JM, Guallar E: Serum ferritin and risk of the metabolic syndrome in U.S. adults. Diabetes Care 2004, 27:2422–2428.CrossRefPubMed
50.
Cook JD: Adaptation in iron metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr 1990, 51:301–308.PubMed
51.
Marlett JA, McBurney MI, Slavin JL: Position of the American Dietetic Association: health implications of dietary fiber. J Am Diet Assoc 2002, 102:993–1000.CrossRefPubMed
52.
Metadaten
Titel
Usefulness of Vegetarian and Vegan Diets for Treating Type 2 Diabetes
verfasst von
Caroline B. Trapp
Neal D. Barnard
Publikationsdatum
01.04.2010
Verlag
Current Science Inc.
Erschienen in
Current Diabetes Reports / Ausgabe 2/2010
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Elektronische ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-010-0093-7

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2010

Current Diabetes Reports 2/2010 Zur Ausgabe

ReviewPaper

Turning Glucosuria into a Therapy: Efficacy and Safety with SGLT2 Inhibitors

ReviewPaper

Weight Management Using a Meal Replacement Strategy in Type 2 Diabetes

ReviewPaper

The Presence and Role of Brown Fat in Adult Humans

ReviewPaper

Lessons Learned from Glycemia Control Studies

ReviewPaper

Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, and Cancer

ReviewPaper

Once-Weekly GLP-1 Agonists: How Do They Differ from Exenatide and Liraglutide?

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

24.04.2024 | DGIM 2024 | Kongressbericht | Nachrichten

Metformin rückt in den Hintergrund

24.04.2024 | DGIM 2024 | Kongressbericht | Nachrichten

Myokarditis nach Infekt – richtig schwierig wird es bei Profisportlern

24.04.2024 | DGIM 2024 | Kongressbericht | Nachrichten

Thrombophiliescreening – Wenn, dann richtig und nur bei therapeutischer Konsequenz

24.04.2024 | DGIM 2024 | Nachrichten

Bei Senioren mit Prostatakarzinom auf Anämie achten!
weitere anzeigen

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen
Bildnachweise