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Current Diabetes Reports

Erschienen in:

01.10.2013 | Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes (JR Unger, Section Editor)

Hypoglycemia in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Prevention

verfasst von: Omodele Awoniyi, Rabia Rehman, Samuel Dagogo-Jack

Erschienen in: Current Diabetes Reports | Ausgabe 5/2013

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Abstract

Hypoglycemia is uncommon in the general, nondiabetic population but occurs frequently in persons with diabetes treated with insulin or insulin secretagogues. Thus, iatrogenic hypoglycemia explains the majority of cases among persons with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Since T1DM is characterized by absolute insulin dependence, the current imperfections in insulin replacement therapies often lead to a mismatch between caloric supply and circulating insulin levels, thus increasing the risk for glycemic fluctuations. Hypoglycemia is the limiting factor to excellent glycemic control in insulin-treated subjects. Intensification of glycemic control was associated with a 300 % increase in the rate of hypoglycemia in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Recent measurements using continuous glucose monitoring reveal an alarming rate of daytime and nocturnal episodes of hypoglycemia in patients with T1DM. Etiological factors underlying hypoglycemia in T1DM include predictable triggers (skipped meals, exercise, insulin over dosage) as well as defective counterregulation, a component of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure.

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Titel: Hypoglycemia in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Prevention
verfasst von: Omodele Awoniyi
Rabia Rehman
Samuel Dagogo-Jack
Publikationsdatum: 01.10.2013
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current Diabetes Reports / Ausgabe 5/2013
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Elektronische ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-013-0411-y

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