nach oben

Current Rheumatology Reports

Erschienen in:

01.06.2013 | INFECTIONS AND ARTHRITIS (K WINTHROP, SECTION EDITOR)

Clinical Management of Septic Arthritis

verfasst von: Katie A. Sharff, Eric P. Richards, John M. Townes

Erschienen in: Current Rheumatology Reports | Ausgabe 6/2013

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Septic arthritis is a rheumatologic emergency as joint destruction occurs rapidly and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Accurate diagnosis can be particularly challenging in patients with underlying inflammatory joint disease. This review outlines the risk factors for septic arthritis and summarizes the causative bacterial organisms. We highlight advances in antibiotic management with a focus on new drugs for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and discuss the use of adjunctive therapies for treatment of septic arthritis in adults.

Ross JJ. Septic arthritis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2005;19:799–817.PubMedCrossRef

Geirsson AJ, Statkevicius S, Vikingsson A. Septic arthritis in Iceland 1990–2002: increasing incidence due to iatrogenic infections. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67:638–43.PubMedCrossRef

Kaandorp CJ, Van Schaardenburg D, Krijnen P, et al. Risk factors for septic arthritis in patients with joint disease. A prospective study. Arthritis Rheum. 1995;38:1819–25.PubMedCrossRef

Kellgren JH, Ball J, Fairbrother RW, et al. Suppurative arthritis complicating rheumatoid arthritis. Br Med J. 1958;1:1193–200.PubMedCrossRef

Doran MF, Crowson CS, Pond GR, et al. Frequency of infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with controls: a population-based study. Arthritis Rheum. 2002;46:2287–93.PubMedCrossRef

Edwards CJ, Cooper C, Fisher D, et al. The importance of the disease process and disease-modifying antirheumatic drug treatment in the development of septic arthritis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:1151–7.PubMedCrossRef

Strangfeld A, Listing J. Infection and musculoskeletal conditions: Bacterial and opportunistic infections during anti-TNF therapy. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2006;20:1181–95.PubMedCrossRef

Dolganiuc A, Stavaru C, Anghel M, et al. The migratory and phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol. 2000;59:43–53.PubMed

Turner RA, Schumacher R, Myers AR. Phagocytic function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rheumatic diseases. J Clin Invest. 1973;52:1632–5.PubMedCrossRef

10.

Goldenberg DL. Infectious arthritis complicating rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic rheumatic disorders. Arthritis Rheum. 1989;32:496–502.PubMedCrossRef

11.

O'Connell PG, Milburn BM, Nashel DJ. Coexistent gout and septic arthritis: a report of two cases and literature review. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1985;3:265–7.PubMed

12.

Yu KH, Luo SF, Liou LB, et al. Concomitant septic and gouty arthritis--an analysis of 30 cases. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2003;42:1062–6.CrossRef

13.

Hamilton ME, Parris TM, Gibson RS, et al. Simultaneous gout and pyarthrosis. Arch Intern Med. 1980;140:917–9.PubMedCrossRef

14.

• Galloway JB, Hyrich KL, Mercer LK, et al. Risk of septic arthritis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the effect of anti-TNF therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:1810–4. A prospective observational study evaluating the risk of septic arthritis in over 4,500 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with anti-TNF and non-biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. This study demonstrated that anti-TNF therapy use in RA is associated with doubling the risk of septic arthritis.PubMedCrossRef

15.

Ostensson A, Geborek P. Septic arthritis as a non-surgical complication in rheumatoid arthritis: relation to disease severity and therapy. Br J Rheumatol. 1991;30:35–8.PubMedCrossRef

16.

Albert C, Brocq O, Gerard D, et al. Septic knee arthritis after intra-articular hyaluronate injection. Two case reports. Joint Bone Spine. 2006;73:205–7.PubMedCrossRef

17.

• Smith RM, Schaefer MK, Kainer MA, et al. Fungal Infections Associated with Contaminated Methylprednisolone Injections - Preliminary Report. N Engl J Med. 2012. A preliminary report on the multistate outbreak of fungal infections associated with injections of methylprednisolone acetate purchased from a single compounding pharmacy.

18.

Ryan MJ, Kavanagh R, Wall PG, et al. Bacterial joint infections in England and Wales: analysis of bacterial isolates over a four year period. Br J Rheumatol. 1997;36:370–3.PubMedCrossRef

19.

Gupta MN, Sturrock RD, Field M. A prospective 2-year study of 75 patients with adult-onset septic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2001;40:24–30.CrossRef

20.

Dubost JJ, Soubrier M, De Champs C, et al. No changes in the distribution of organisms responsible for septic arthritis over a 20 year period. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61:267–9.PubMedCrossRef

21.

Arnold SR, Elias D, Buckingham SC, et al. Changing patterns of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis and septic arthritis: emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Pediatr Orthop. 2006;26:703–8.PubMedCrossRef

22.

Martinez-Aguilar G, Avalos-Mishaan A, Hulten K, et al. Community-acquired, methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus musculoskeletal infections in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23:701–6.PubMedCrossRef

23.

Fridkin SK, Hageman J, McDougal LK, et al. Epidemiological and microbiological characterization of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin, United States, 1997–2001. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;36:429–39.PubMedCrossRef

24.

Lu JJ, Lee SY, Hwa SY, et al. Septic arthritis caused by vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43:4156–8.PubMedCrossRef

25.

• Allison DC, Holtom PD, Patzakis MJ, et al. Microbiology of bone and joint infections in injecting drug abusers. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010;468:2107–12. A retrospective review describing the microbiology of bone and joint infections in 215 patients with a history of IVDU from the years 1998 to 2005. S. aureus remained the predominant organism with an increased proportion of MRSA infections over the study period.PubMedCrossRef

26.

Weston VC, Jones AC, Bradbury N, et al. Clinical features and outcome of septic arthritis in a single UK Health District 1982–1991. Ann Rheum Dis. 1999;58:214–9.PubMedCrossRef

27.

Shirtliff ME, Mader JT. Acute septic arthritis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2002;15:527–44.PubMedCrossRef

28.

Schelenz S, Bramham K, Goldsmith D. Septic arthritis due to extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Joint Bone Spine. 2007;74:275–8.PubMedCrossRef

29.

O'Brien JP, Goldenberg DL, Rice PA. Disseminated gonococcal infection: a prospective analysis of 49 patients and a review of pathophysiology and immune mechanisms. Medicine (Baltimore). 1983;62:395–406.CrossRef

30.

Prevention CfDCa. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance. 2002 [cited 2003]; Available from: www.cdc.gov.

31.

Kaandorp CJ, Dinant HJ, van de Laar MA, et al. Incidence and sources of native and prosthetic joint infection: a community based prospective survey. Ann Rheum Dis. 1997;56:470–5.PubMedCrossRef

32.

Gardner GC, Weisman MH. Pyarthrosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a report of 13 cases and a review of the literature from the past 40 years. Am J Med. 1990;88:503–11.PubMedCrossRef

33.

Newman JH. Review of septic arthritis throughout the antibiotic era. Ann Rheum Dis. 1976;35:198–205.PubMedCrossRef

34.

Mathews CJ, Weston VC, Jones A, et al. Bacterial septic arthritis in adults. Lancet. 2010;375:846–55.PubMedCrossRef

35.

Margaretten ME, Kohlwes J, Moore D, et al. Does this adult patient have septic arthritis? JAMA. 2007;297:1478–88.PubMedCrossRef

36.

Coakley G, Mathews C, Field M, et al. BSR & BHPR, BOA, RCGP and BSAC guidelines for management of the hot swollen joint in adults. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2006;45:1039–41.CrossRef

37.

Gupta MN, Sturrock RD, Field M. Prospective comparative study of patients with culture proven and high suspicion of adult onset septic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003;62:327–31.PubMedCrossRef

38.

Fenollar F, Roux V, Stein A, et al. Analysis of 525 samples to determine the usefulness of PCR amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene for diagnosis of bone and joint infections. J Clin Microbiol. 2006;44:1018–28.PubMedCrossRef

39.

Yang S, Ramachandran P, Hardick A, et al. Rapid PCR-based diagnosis of septic arthritis by early Gram-type classification and pathogen identification. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46:1386–90.PubMedCrossRef

40.

Stengel D, Bauwens K, Sehouli J, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of antibiotic therapy for bone and joint infections. Lancet Infect Dis. 2001;1:175–88.PubMedCrossRef

41.

Brancos MA, Peris P, Miro JM, et al. Septic arthritis in heroin addicts. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1991;21:81–7.PubMedCrossRef

42.

Limbago B, Fosheim GE, Schoonover V, et al. Characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates collected in 2005 and 2006 from patients with invasive disease: a population-based analysis. J Clin Microbiol. 2009;47:1344–51.PubMedCrossRef

43.

Naimi TS, LeDell KH, Como-Sabetti K, et al. Comparison of community- and health care-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. JAMA. 2003;290:2976–84.PubMedCrossRef

44.

Smith TL, Pearson ML, Wilcox KR, et al. Emergence of vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Glycopeptide-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus Working Group. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:493–501.PubMedCrossRef

45.

•• Liu C, Bayer A, Cosgrove SE, et al. Clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases society of america for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in adults and children: executive summary. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:285–92. Evidence-based guidelines for the management of MRSA infections.PubMedCrossRef

46.

Kutscha-Lissberg F, Hebler U, Muhr G, et al. Linezolid penetration into bone and joint tissues infected with methicillin-resistant staphylococci. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003;47:3964–6.PubMedCrossRef

47.

Rana B, Butcher I, Grigoris P, et al. Linezolid penetration into osteo-articular tissues. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002;50:747–50.PubMedCrossRef

48.

Moise PA, Forrest A, Birmingham MC, et al. The efficacy and safety of linezolid as treatment for Staphylococcus aureus infections in compassionate use patients who are intolerant of, or who have failed to respond to, vancomycin. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002;50:1017–26.PubMedCrossRef

49.

Howden BP, Ward PB, Charles PG, et al. Treatment outcomes for serious infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with reduced vancomycin susceptibility. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38:521–8.PubMedCrossRef

50.

Manfredi R, Sabbatani S, Chiodo F. Severe staphylococcal knee arthritis responding favourably to linezolid, after glycopeptide-rifampicin failure: a case report and literature review. Scand J Infect Dis. 2005;37:513–7.PubMedCrossRef

51.

Rao N, Ziran BH, Hall RA, et al. Successful treatment of chronic bone and joint infections with oral linezolid. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004; 67–71.

52.

Wu VC, Wang YT, Wang CY, et al. High frequency of linezolid-associated thrombocytopenia and anemia among patients with end-stage renal disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:66–72.PubMedCrossRef

53.

De Vriese AS, Coster RV, Smet J, et al. Linezolid-induced inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:1111–7.PubMedCrossRef

54.

Lawrence KR, Adra M, Gillman PK. Serotonin toxicity associated with the use of linezolid: a review of postmarketing data. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:1578–83.PubMedCrossRef

55.

Rouse MS, Piper KE, Jacobson M, et al. Daptomycin treatment of Staphylococcus aureus experimental chronic osteomyelitis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006;57:301–5.PubMedCrossRef

56.

Forrest GN, Donovan BJ, Lamp KC, et al. Clinical experience with daptomycin for the treatment of patients with documented gram-positive septic arthritis. Ann Pharmacother. 2008;42:213–7.PubMedCrossRef

57.

Lalani T, Boucher HW, Cosgrove SE, et al. Outcomes with daptomycin versus standard therapy for osteoarticular infections associated with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2008;61:177–82.PubMedCrossRef

58.

Papadopoulos S, Ball AM, Liewer SE, et al. Rhabdomyolysis during therapy with daptomycin. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:e108–10.PubMedCrossRef

59.

Lal Y, Assimacopoulos AP. Two cases of daptomycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia and chronic pneumonitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50:737–40.PubMedCrossRef

60.

Kazory A, Dibadj K, Weiner ID. Rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure in a patient treated with daptomycin. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006;57:578–9.PubMedCrossRef

61.

Drew RH, Perfect JR, Srinath L, et al. Treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infections with quinupristin-dalfopristin in patients intolerant of or failing prior therapy. For the Synercid Emergency-Use Study Group. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2000;46:775–84.PubMedCrossRef

62.

Chambers HEG, Gilbert D, Moellering R, Saag M. In: Sanford JC, editor. The Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy. Sperryville, VA: Antimicrobial Therapy, Inc; 2011.

63.

Lin JC, Aung G, Thomas A, et al. The use of ceftaroline fosamil in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis and deep-seated MRSA infections: a retrospective case series of 10 patients. J Infect Chemother. 2012.

64.

Twilla JD, Gelfand MS, Cleveland KO, et al. Telavancin for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66:2675–7.PubMedCrossRef

65.

Kaushal R, Hassoun A. Successful treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis prosthetic joint infection with telavancin. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012;67:2052–3.PubMedCrossRef

66.

•• Prasad P, Sun J, Danner RL, et al. Excess deaths associated with tigecycline after approval based on noninferiority trials. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54:1699–709. A metaanalysis of 13 randomized trials comparing outcomes of tigecyline with other control antibiotics demonstrated an increase in mortality and increased noncure rates associated with tigecycline use.PubMedCrossRef

67.

CDC. Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines 2010; Gonococcal Infections. 2011; Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment/2010/gonococcal-infections.htm.

68.

Goldenberg DL, Sexton, D.J. Disseminated Gonococcal Infection. UpToDate; 2012 [updated Novemer 16 2012].

69.

Gerald L, Mandell JEB, Raphael D. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill, Livingstone, Elsevier; 2010.

70.

Zimmerli W, Trampuz A, Ochsner PE. Prosthetic-joint infections. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:1645–54.PubMedCrossRef

71.

•• Osmon DR, Berbari EF, Berendt AR, et al. Diagnosis and management of prosthetic joint infection: clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases society of america. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;56:e1–25. Evidence-based and opinion-based recommendations on the management of prosthetic joint infections.PubMedCrossRef

72.

Zimmerli W, Widmer AF, Blatter M, et al. Role of rifampin for treatment of orthopedic implant-related staphylococcal infections: a randomized controlled trial. Foreign-Body Infection (FBI) Study Group. JAMA. 1998;279:1537–41.PubMedCrossRef

73.

Ravindran V, Logan I, Bourke BE. Medical vs surgical treatment for the native joint in septic arthritis: a 6-year, single UK academic centre experience. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009;48:1320–2.CrossRef

74.

Goldenberg DL, Brandt KD, Cohen AS, et al. Treatment of septic arthritis: comparison of needle aspiration and surgery as initial modes of joint drainage. Arthritis Rheum. 1975;18:83–90.PubMedCrossRef

75.

Sammer DM, Shin AY. Comparison of arthroscopic and open treatment of septic arthritis of the wrist. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009;91:1387–93.PubMedCrossRef

76.

Abdel MP, Perry KI, Morrey ME, et al. Arthroscopic management of native shoulder septic arthritis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2012.

77.

Nusem I, Jabur MK, Playford EG. Arthroscopic treatment of septic arthritis of the hip. Arthroscopy. 2006;22:902 e1–3.

78.

Garcia-Arias M, Balsa A, Mola EM. Septic arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2011;25:407–21.PubMedCrossRef

79.

Butt U, Amissah-Arthur M, Khattak F, et al. What are we doing about septic arthritis? A survey of UK-based rheumatologists and orthopedic surgeons. Clin Rheumatol. 2011;30:707–10.PubMedCrossRef

80.

Sakiniene E, Bremell T, Tarkowski A. Addition of corticosteroids to antibiotic treatment ameliorates the course of experimental Staphylococcus aureus arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1996;39:1596–605.PubMedCrossRef

81.

Odio CM, Ramirez T, Arias G, et al. Double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of dexamethasone therapy for hematogenous septic arthritis in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003;22:883–8.PubMedCrossRef

82.

Harel L, Prais D, Bar-On E, et al. Dexamethasone therapy for septic arthritis in children: results of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Pediatr Orthop. 2011;31:211–5.PubMedCrossRef

83.

Wysenbeek AJ, Leitman M, Amit M, et al. Experimental septic arthritis in rabbits treated by a combination of antibiotic and steroid drugs. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1996;14:507–12.PubMed

84.

Wysenbeek AJ, Volchek J, Amit M, et al. Treatment of staphylococcal septic arthritis in rabbits by systemic antibiotics and intra-articular corticosteroids. Ann Rheum Dis. 1998;57:687–90.PubMedCrossRef

85.

Verdrengh M, Carlsten H, Ohlsson C, et al. Addition of bisphosphonate to antibiotic and anti-inflammatory treatment reduces bone resorption in experimental Staphylococcus aureus-induced arthritis. J Orthop Res. 2007;25:304–10.PubMedCrossRef

86.

Sharp JT, Lidsky MD, Duffy J, et al. Infectious arthritis. Arch Intern Med. 1979;139:1125–30.PubMedCrossRef

87.

Goldenberg DL, Brandt KD, Cathcart ES, et al. Acute arthritis caused by gram-negative bacilli: a clinical characterization. Medicine (Baltimore). 1974;53:197–208.

88.

Kratz A, Greenberg D, Barki Y, et al. Pantoea agglomerans as a cause of septic arthritis after palm tree thorn injury; case report and literature review. Arch Dis Child. 2003;88:542–4.PubMedCrossRef

89.

Freiberg AA, Herzenberg JE, Sangeorzan JA. Thorn synovitis of the knee joint with Nocardia pyarthrosis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1993; 233–6.

90.

Talan DA, Citron DM, Abrahamian FM, et al. Bacteriologic analysis of infected dog and cat bites. Emergency Medicine Animal Bite Infection Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:85–92.PubMedCrossRef

91.

Hu L. Lyme arthritis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2005;19:947–61.PubMedCrossRef

92.

Ohl CA. Infectious Arthritis of Native Joints. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, editors. Mandell, Douglas and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone; 2010. p. 1443–56.CrossRef

Titel: Clinical Management of Septic Arthritis
verfasst von: Katie A. Sharff
Eric P. Richards
John M. Townes
Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2013
Verlag: Current Science Inc.
Erschienen in: Current Rheumatology Reports / Ausgabe 6/2013
Print ISSN: 1523-3774
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-6307
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-013-0332-4

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

^{Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag}

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

19.04.2024 | Vorhofflimmern | Nachrichten

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Clinical Management of Septic Arthritis

Abstract

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Parodontalbehandlung verbessert Prognose bei Katheterablation

Prostatakarzinom: EU initiiert neues Screeningkonzept

Blasenkarzinom – Biomarker statt Zytologie?

Antihypertensiva schützen auch alte Menschen noch vor Demenz

Update Innere Medizin

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2013

Autoantibodies in Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis

The Role of Resistin in Inflammatory Myopathies

Top 10 Things to Know About Lupus Activity Measures

Understanding Developmental Mechanisms in the Context of Osteoarthritis

Use of New Oral Anticoagulants in Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Vaccination and Inflammatory Arthritis: Overview of Current Vaccines and Recommended Uses in Rheumatology

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Parodontalbehandlung verbessert Prognose bei Katheterablation

Prostatakarzinom: EU initiiert neues Screeningkonzept

Blasenkarzinom – Biomarker statt Zytologie?

Antihypertensiva schützen auch alte Menschen noch vor Demenz

Update Innere Medizin