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Erschienen in: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® 6/2012

01.06.2012 | Symposium: Injuries in Overhead Athletes

Reliability of Scapular Classification in Examination of Professional Baseball Players

verfasst von: Todd S. Ellenbecker, DPT, MS, SCS, OCS, CSCS, W. Ben Kibler, MD, David S. Bailie, MD, Roger Caplinger, ATC, George J. Davies, DPT, SCS, ATC, CSCS, Bryan L. Riemann, PhD, ATC

Erschienen in: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® | Ausgabe 6/2012

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Abstract

Background

Clinically evaluating the scapulothoracic joint is challenging. To identify scapular dyskinesis, clinicians typically observe scapular motion and congruence during self-directed upper extremity movements. However, it is unclear whether this method is reliable.

Questions/purposes

We therefore determined the interrater reliability of a scapular classification system in the examination of professional baseball players.

Methods

Seventy-one healthy uninjured professional baseball players between the ages of 18 and 32 years volunteered to participate. We used a digital video camera to film five repetitions of scapular plane elevation while holding a 2-pound weight. Four examiners then independently classified the motions on video into one of four types. Interrater reliability analysis using the kappa (k) statistic was performed for: (1) classifying each scapula into one of the four types; (2) classifying each scapula as being abnormal (Types I–III) or normal (Type IV); and (3) classifying both scapula as both being symmetric (both normal or both abnormal) or asymmetric (one normal, one abnormal).

Results

We found low reliability for all analyses. In classifying each scapula as one of the four types, reliability was k = 0.245 for the left limb and k = 0.186 for the right limb. When considering the dichotomous classifications (abnormal versus normal), reliability was k = 0.264 for left and k = 0.157 for right. For bilateral symmetry/asymmetric, reliability was k = 0.084.

Conclusion

We found low reliability of visual observation and classification of scapular movement.

Clinical Relevance

Current evaluation strategies for evaluating subtle scapular abnormalities are limited.

Level of Evidence

Level III, diagnostic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Metadaten
Titel
Reliability of Scapular Classification in Examination of Professional Baseball Players
verfasst von
Todd S. Ellenbecker, DPT, MS, SCS, OCS, CSCS
W. Ben Kibler, MD
David S. Bailie, MD
Roger Caplinger, ATC
George J. Davies, DPT, SCS, ATC, CSCS
Bryan L. Riemann, PhD, ATC
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2012
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® / Ausgabe 6/2012
Print ISSN: 0009-921X
Elektronische ISSN: 1528-1132
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-011-2216-0

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