Skip to main content
Hauptrubriken
CME Facharzt-Training Webinare Zeitschriften Bücher e.Medpedia Podcast
Service
Jobbörse Info & Hilfe
Fachgebiete
Anästhesiologie Allgemeinmedizin Arbeitsmedizin Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kardiologie Neurologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie Pädiatrie Pathologie Psychiatrie Radiologie Rechtsmedizin Urologie Zahnmedizin
Themen
Klimawandel und Gesundheit Neues aus dem Markt COVID-19 Praxis und Beruf Seltene Erkrankungen GOÄ & EBM Panorama
Sammlungen
Kasuistiken Algorithmen & Infografiken Blickdiagnosen Arthropedia FlapFinder (für Dermatochirurgen) Videos Kongressberichterstattung Medizin für Apothekerinnen und Apotheker Für Ärztinnen und Ärzte in Weiterbildung Für Medizinstudierende
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Immunologic Research
Erschienen in: Immunologic Research 1-3/2014

01.08.2014 | IMMUNOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA

T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses

verfasst von: Rudragouda Channappanavar, Jincun Zhao, Stanley Perlman

Erschienen in: Immunologic Research | Ausgabe 1-3/2014

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Emerging respiratory coronaviruses such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) pose potential biological threats to humans. SARS and MERS are manifested as severe atypical pneumonia associated with high morbidity and mortality in humans. The majority of studies carried out in SARS-CoV-infected humans and animals attribute a dysregulated/exuberant innate response as a leading contributor to SARS-CoV-mediated pathology. A decade after the 2002–2003 SARS epidemic, we do not have any approved preventive or therapeutic agents available in case of re-emergence of SARS-CoV or other related viruses. A strong neutralizing antibody response generated against the spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV is completely protective in the susceptible host. However, neutralizing antibody titers and the memory B cell response are short lived in SARS-recovered patients and the antibody will target primary homologous strain. Interestingly, the acute phase of SARS in humans is associated with a severe reduction in the number of T cells in the blood. Surprisingly, only a limited number of studies have explored the role of the T cell-mediated adaptive immune response in respiratory coronavirus pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the role of anti-virus CD4 and CD8 T cells during respiratory coronavirus infections with a special emphasis on emerging coronaviruses.
Literatur
1.
Siddell S, Ziebuhr J, Snijder EJ. Coronaviruses, toroviruses, and arteriviruses, vol. 1. London: Hodder Arnold; 2005. p. 823–56.
2.
Weiss SR, Navas-Martin S. Coronavirus pathogenesis and the emerging pathogen severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2005;69:635–64.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
3.
Heugel J, Martin ET, Kuypers J, Englund JA. Coronavirus-associated pneumonia in previously healthy children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007;26:753–5.PubMedCrossRef
4.
Kuypers J, Martin ET, Heugel J, Wright N, Morrow R, Englund JA. Clinical disease in children associated with newly described coronavirus subtypes. Pediatrics. 2007;119:e70–6.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Rota PA, Oberste MS, Monroe SS, Nix WA, Campagnoli R, Icenogle JP, Penaranda S, Bankamp B, Maher K, Chen MH, Tong S, Tamin A, Lowe L, Frace M, DeRisi JL, Chen Q, Wang D, Erdman DD, Peret TC, Burns C, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Sanchez A, Liffick S, Holloway B, Limor J, McCaustland K, Olsen-Rasmussen M, Fouchier R, Gunther S, Osterhaus AD, Drosten C, Pallansch MA, Anderson LJ, Bellini WJ. Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Science. 2003;300:1394–9.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Marra MA, Jones SJ, Astell CR, Holt RA, Brooks-Wilson A, Butterfield YS, Khattra J, Asano JK, Barber SA, Chan SY, Cloutier A, Coughlin SM, Freeman D, Girn N, Griffith OL, Leach SR, Mayo M, McDonald H, Montgomery SB, Pandoh PK, Petrescu AS, Robertson AG, Schein JE, Siddiqui A, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Yang GS, Plummer F, Andonov A, Artsob H, Bastien N, Bernard K, Booth TF, Bowness D, Czub M, Drebot M, Fernando L, Flick R, Garbutt M, Gray M, Grolla A, Jones S, Feldmann H, Meyers A, Kabani A, Li Y, Normand S, Stroher U, Tipples GA, Tyler S, Vogrig R, Ward D, Watson B, Brunham RC, Krajden M, Petric M, Skowronski DM, Upton C, Roper RL. The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus. Science. 2003;300:1399–404.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Kuiken T, Fouchier RA, Schutten M, Rimmelzwaan GF, van Amerongen G, van Riel D, Laman JD, de Jong T, van Doornum G, Lim W, Ling AE, Chan PK, Tam JS, Zambon MC, Gopal R, Drosten C, van der Werf S, Escriou N, Manuguerra JC, Stohr K, Peiris JS, Osterhaus AD. Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Lancet. 2003;362:263–70.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, Osterhaus AD, Fouchier RA. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:1814–20.PubMedCrossRef
9.
van Boheemen S, de Graaf M, Lauber C, Bestebroer TM, Raj VS, Zaki AM, Osterhaus AD, Haagmans BL, Gorbalenya AE, Snijder EJ, Fouchier RA. Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans. mBio. 2012;3(6):e00473-12.
10.
Perlman S, Dandekar AA. Immunopathogenesis of coronavirus infections: implications for SARS. Nat Rev Immunol. 2005;5:917–27.PubMedCrossRef
11.
12.
13.
Alexander DJ, Gough RE. A long-term study of the pathogenesis of infection of fowls with three strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus. Res Vet Sci. 1978;24:228–33.PubMed
14.
van der Hoek L, Sure K, Ihorst G, Stang A, Pyrc K, Jebbink MF, Petersen G, Forster J, Berkhout B, Uberla K. Croup is associated with the novel coronavirus NL63. PLoS Med. 2005;2:e240.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
15.
16.
Lew TW, Kwek TK, Tai D, Earnest A, Loo S, Singh K, Kwan KM, Chan Y, Yim CF, Bek SL, Kor AC, Yap WS, Chelliah YR, Lai YC, Goh SK. Acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. J Am Med Assoc. 2003;290:374–80.CrossRef
17.
Kong SL, Chui P, Lim B, Salto-Tellez M. Elucidating the molecular physiopathology of acute respiratory distress syndrome in severe acute respiratory syndrome patients. Virus Res. 2009;145:260–9.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Wong CK, Lam CW, Wu AK, Ip WK, Lee NL, Chan IH, Lit LC, Hui DS, Chan MH, Chung SS, Sung JJ. Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol. 2004;136:95–103.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
19.
Baas T, Taubenberger JK, Chong PY, Chui P, Katze MG. SARS-CoV virus-host interactions and comparative etiologies of acute respiratory distress syndrome as determined by transcriptional and cytokine profiling of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. J Interferon Cytokine Res Off J Int Soc Interferon Cytokine Res. 2006;26:309–17.CrossRef
20.
Subbarao K, Roberts A. Is there an ideal animal model for SARS? Trends Microbiol. 2006;14:299–303.PubMedCrossRef
21.
van den Brand JM, Haagmans BL, van Riel D, Osterhaus AD, Kuiken T. The pathology and pathogenesis of experimental severe acute respiratory syndrome and influenza in animal models. J Comp Pathol. 2014. doi:10.​1016/​j.​jcpa.​2014.​01.​004.
22.
Martina BE, Haagmans BL, Kuiken T, Fouchier RA, Rimmelzwaan GF, Van Amerongen G, Peiris JS, Lim W, Osterhaus AD. Virology: SARS virus infection of cats and ferrets. Nature. 2003;425:915.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Roberts A, Paddock C, Vogel L, Butler E, Zaki S, Subbarao K. Aged BALB/c mice as a model for increased severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome in elderly humans. J Virol. 2005;79:5833–8.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
24.
Fouchier RA, Kuiken T, Schutten M, van Amerongen G, van Doornum GJ, van den Hoogen BG, Peiris M, Lim W, Stohr K, Osterhaus AD. Aetiology: Koch’s postulates fulfilled for SARS virus. Nature. 2003;423:240.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Roberts A, Deming D, Paddock CD, Cheng A, Yount B, Vogel L, Herman BD, Sheahan T, Heise M, Genrich GL, Zaki SR, Baric R, Subbarao K. A mouse-adapted SARS-coronavirus causes disease and mortality in BALB/c mice. PLoS Pathog. 2007;3:e5.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
26.
Chen J, Lau YF, Lamirande EW, Paddock CD, Bartlett JH, Zaki SR, Subbarao K. Cellular immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection in senescent BALB/c mice: CD4+ T cells are important in control of SARS-CoV infection. J Virol. 2010;84:1289–301.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
27.
Zhao J, Zhao J, Legge K, Perlman S. Age-related increases in PGD(2) expression impair respiratory DC migration, resulting in diminished T cell responses upon respiratory virus infection in mice. J Clin Investig. 2011;121:4921–30.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
28.
29.
Palm NW, Medzhitov R. Not so fast: adaptive suppression of innate immunity. Nat Med. 2007;13:1142–4.PubMedCrossRef
30.
31.
Belz GT, Smith CM, Kleinert L, Reading P, Brooks A, Shortman K, Carbone FR, Heath WR. Distinct migrating and nonmigrating dendritic cell populations are involved in MHC class I-restricted antigen presentation after lung infection with virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004;101:8670–5.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
32.
Larsson M, Messmer D, Somersan S, Fonteneau JF, Donahoe SM, Lee M, Dunbar PR, Cerundolo V, Julkunen I, Nixon DF, Bhardwaj N. Requirement of mature dendritic cells for efficient activation of influenza A-specific memory CD8+ T cells. J Immunol. 2000;165:1182–90.PubMedCrossRef
33.
Norbury CC, Malide D, Gibbs JS, Bennink JR, Yewdell JW. Visualizing priming of virus-specific CD8+ T cells by infected dendritic cells in vivo. Nat Immunol. 2002;3:265–71.PubMedCrossRef
34.
35.
Saha B, Jyothi Prasanna S, Chandrasekar B, Nandi D. Gene modulation and immunoregulatory roles of interferon gamma. Cytokine. 2010;50:1–14.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Roman E, Miller E, Harmsen A, Wiley J, Von Andrian UH, Huston G, Swain SL. CD4 effector T cell subsets in the response to influenza: heterogeneity, migration, and function. J Exp Med. 2002;196:957–68.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
37.
Swain SL, Agrewala JN, Brown DM, Roman E. Regulation of memory CD4 T cells: generation, localization and persistence. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002;512:113–20.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Cerwenka A, Morgan TM, Dutton RW. Naive, effector, and memory CD8 T cells in protection against pulmonary influenza virus infection: homing properties rather than initial frequencies are crucial. J Immunol. 1999;163:5535–43.PubMed
39.
Cerwenka A, Morgan TM, Harmsen AG, Dutton RW. Migration kinetics and final destination of type 1 and type 2 CD8 effector cells predict protection against pulmonary virus infection. J Exp Med. 1999;189:423–34.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
40.
Wong RS, Wu A, To KF, Lee N, Lam CW, Wong CK, Chan PK, Ng MH, Yu LM, Hui DS, Tam JS, Cheng G, Sung JJ. Haematological manifestations in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: retrospective analysis. BMJ. 2003;326:1358–62.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
41.
Cui W, Fan Y, Wu W, Zhang F, Wang JY, Ni AP. Expression of lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am. 2003;37:857–9.CrossRef
42.
Li T, Qiu Z, Zhang L, Han Y, He W, Liu Z, Ma X, Fan H, Lu W, Xie J, Wang H, Deng G, Wang A. Significant changes of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. J Infect Dis. 2004;189:648–51.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Cai C, Zeng X, Ou AH, Huang Y, Zhang X. [Study on T cell subsets and their activated molecules from the convalescent SARS patients during two follow-up surveys]. Xi bao yu fen zi mian yi xue za zhi =. Chin J Cell Mol Immunol. 2004;20:322–4.
44.
Yu XY, Zhang YC, Han CW, Wang P, Xue XJ, Cong YL. [Change of T lymphocyte and its activated subsets in SARS patients]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae. 2003;25:542–6.PubMed
45.
Cameron MJ, Bermejo-Martin JF, Danesh A, Muller MP, Kelvin DJ. Human immunopathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Virus Res. 2008;133:13–9.PubMedCrossRef
46.
Assiri A, Al-Tawfiq JA, Al-Rabeeah AA, Al-Rabiah FA, Al-Hajjar S, Al-Barrak A, Flemban H, Al-Nassir WN, Balkhy HH, Al-Hakeem RF, Makhdoom HQ, Zumla AI, Memish ZA. Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013;13:752–61.PubMedCrossRef
47.
Li T, Qiu Z, Han Y, Wang Z, Fan H, Lu W, Xie J, Ma X, Wang A. Rapid loss of both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets during the acute phase of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Chin Med J. 2003;116:985–7.PubMed
48.
Yoshikawa T, Hill T, Li K, Peters CJ, Tseng CT. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-induced lung epithelial cytokines exacerbate SARS pathogenesis by modulating intrinsic functions of monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells. J Virol. 2009;83:3039–48.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
49.
Zhao J, Zhao J, Van Rooijen N, Perlman S. Evasion by stealth: inefficient immune activation underlies poor T cell response and severe disease in SARS-CoV-infected mice. PLoS Pathog. 2009;5:e1000636.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
50.
Bahl K, Kim SK, Calcagno C, Ghersi D, Puzone R, Celada F, Selin LK, Welsh RM. IFN-induced attrition of CD8 T cells in the presence or absence of cognate antigen during the early stages of viral infections. J Immunol. 2006;176:4284–95.PubMedCrossRef
51.
Xu X, Gao X. Immunological responses against SARS-coronavirus infection in humans. Cell Mol Immunol. 2004;1:119–22.PubMed
52.
Wang YD, Sin WY, Xu GB, Yang HH, Wong TY, Pang XW, He XY, Zhang HG, Ng JN, Cheng CS, Yu J, Meng L, Yang RF, Lai ST, Guo ZH, Xie Y, Chen WF. T-cell epitopes in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus spike protein elicit a specific T-cell immune response in patients who recover from SARS. J Virol. 2004;78:5612–8.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
53.
Yang LT, Peng H, Zhu ZL, Li G, Huang ZT, Zhao ZX, Koup RA, Bailer RT, Wu CY. Long-lived effector/central memory T-cell responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) S antigen in recovered SARS patients. Clin Immunol. 2006;120:171–8.PubMedCrossRef
54.
Lv Y, Ruan Z, Wang L, Ni B, Wu Y. Identification of a novel conserved HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope from the spike protein of SARS-CoV. BMC Immunol. 2009;10:61.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
55.
Oh H-L, Gan S, Bertoletti A, Tan Y-J. Understanding the T cell immune response in SARS coronavirus infection. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2012;1:e23–8.
56.
Fan YY, Huang ZT, Li L, Wu MH, Yu T, Koup RA, Bailer RT, Wu CY. Characterization of SARS-CoV-specific memory T cells from recovered individuals 4 years after infection. Arch Virol. 2009;154:1093–9.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
57.
Peng H, Yang LT, Wang LY, Li J, Huang J, Lu ZQ, Koup RA, Bailer RT, Wu CY. Long-lived memory T lymphocyte responses against SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein in SARS-recovered patients. Virology. 2006;351:466–75.PubMedCrossRef
58.
Libraty DH, O’Neil KM, Baker LM, Acosta LP, Olveda RM. Human CD4(+) memory T-lymphocyte responses to SARS coronavirus infection. Virology. 2007;368:317–21.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
59.
Bolles M, Deming D, Long K, Agnihothram S, Whitmore A, Ferris M, Funkhouser W, Gralinski L, Totura A, Heise M, Baric RS. A double-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccine provides incomplete protection in mice and induces increased eosinophilic proinflammatory pulmonary response upon challenge. J Virol. 2011;85:12201–15.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
60.
Yang ZY, Kong WP, Huang Y, Roberts A, Murphy BR, Subbarao K, Nabel GJ. A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice. Nature. 2004;428:561–4.PubMedCrossRef
61.
Zhu MS, Pan Y, Chen HQ, Shen Y, Wang XC, Sun YJ, Tao KH. Induction of SARS-nucleoprotein-specific immune response by use of DNA vaccine. Immunol Lett. 2004;92:237–43.PubMedCrossRef
62.
Wang ZQ, Cui J, Wei HY, Han HM, Zhang HW, Li YL. Vaccination of mice with DNA vaccine induces the immune response and partial protection against T. spiralis infection. Vaccine. 2006;24:1205–12.PubMedCrossRef
63.
Jin H, Xiao C, Chen Z, Kang Y, Ma Y, Zhu K, Xie Q, Tu Y, Yu Y, Wang B. Induction of Th1 type response by DNA vaccinations with N, M, and E genes against SARS-CoV in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005;328:979–86.PubMedCrossRef
64.
Zhi Y, Kobinger GP, Jordan H, Suchma K, Weiss SR, Shen H, Schumer G, Gao G, Boyer JL, Crystal RG, Wilson JM. Identification of murine CD8 T cell epitopes in codon-optimized SARS-associated coronavirus spike protein. Virology. 2005;335:34–45.PubMedCrossRef
65.
Raj VS, Mou H, Smits SL, Dekkers DH, Muller MA, Dijkman R, Muth D, Demmers JA, Zaki A, Fouchier RA, Thiel V, Drosten C, Rottier PJ, Osterhaus AD, Bosch BJ, Haagmans BL. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC. Nature. 2013;495:251–4.PubMedCrossRef
66.
Cockrell AS, Peck KM, Yount BL, Agnihothram SS, Scobey T, Curnes NR, Baric RS, Heise MT. Mouse dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is not a functional receptor for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. J Virol. 2014;88:5195–9.
67.
Zhao J, Li K, Wohlford-Lenane C, Agnihothram SS, Fett C, Zhao J, Gale MJ Jr, Baric RS, Enjuanes L, Gallagher T, McCray PB Jr, Perlman S. Rapid generation of a mouse model for Middle East respiratory syndrome. In: Proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the United States of America; 2014.
68.
Khanolkar A, Hartwig SM, Haag BA, Meyerholz DK, Epping LL, Haring JS, Varga SM, Harty JT. Protective and pathologic roles of the immune response to mouse hepatitis virus type 1: implications for severe acute respiratory syndrome. J Virol. 2009;83:9258–72.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
69.
De Albuquerque N, Baig E, Ma X, Zhang J, He W, Rowe A, Habal M, Liu M, Shalev I, Downey GP, Gorczynski R, Butany J, Leibowitz J, Weiss SR, McGilvray ID, Phillips MJ, Fish EN, Levy GA. Murine hepatitis virus strain 1 produces a clinically relevant model of severe acute respiratory syndrome in A/J mice. J Virol. 2006;80:10382–94.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
70.
Khanolkar A, Fulton RB, Epping LL, Pham NL, Tifrea D, Varga SM, Harty JT. T cell epitope specificity and pathogenesis of mouse hepatitis virus-1-induced disease in susceptible and resistant hosts. J Immunol. 2010;185:1132–41.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
71.
Brown DM, Dilzer AM, Meents DL, Swain SL. CD4 T cell-mediated protection from lethal influenza: perforin and antibody-mediated mechanisms give a one-two punch. J Immunol. 2006;177:2888–98.PubMedCrossRef
72.
Christensen JP, Doherty PC, Branum KC, Riberdy JM. Profound protection against respiratory challenge with a lethal H7N7 influenza A virus by increasing the magnitude of CD8(+) T-cell memory. J Virol. 2000;74:11690–6.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
73.
Eichelberger M, Allan W, Zijlstra M, Jaenisch R, Doherty PC. Clearance of influenza virus respiratory infection in mice lacking class I major histocompatibility complex-restricted CD8+ T cells. J Exp Med. 1991;174:875–80.PubMedCrossRef
74.
Zhong W, Roberts AD, Woodland DL. Antibody-independent antiviral function of memory CD4+ T cells in vivo requires regulatory signals from CD8+ effector T cells. J Immunol. 2001;167:1379–86.PubMedCrossRef
75.
Zhao J, Zhao J, Perlman S. T cell responses are required for protection from clinical disease and for virus clearance in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected mice. J Virol. 2010;84:9318–25.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
76.
Murasko DM, Jiang J. Response of aged mice to primary virus infections. Immunol Rev. 2005;205:285–96.PubMedCrossRef
77.
Gardner EM, Gonzalez EW, Nogusa S, Murasko DM. Age-related changes in the immune response to influenza vaccination in a racially diverse, healthy elderly population. Vaccine. 2006;24:1609–14.PubMedCrossRef
78.
Sanchez-Sanchez N, Riol-Blanco L, Rodriguez-Fernandez JL. The multiple personalities of the chemokine receptor CCR7 in dendritic cells. J Immunol. 2006;176:5153–9.PubMedCrossRef
79.
Gosset P, Pichavant M, Faveeuw C, Bureau F, Tonnel AB, Trottein F. Prostaglandin D2 affects the differentiation and functions of human dendritic cells: impact on the T cell response. Eur J Immunol. 2005;35:1491–500.PubMedCrossRef
80.
Lampert PW, Sims JK, Kniazeff AJ. Mechanism of demyelination in JHM virus encephalomyelitis. Electron microscopic studies. Acta Neuropathologica. 1973;24:76–85.PubMedCrossRef
81.
Knobler RL, Haspel MV, Oldstone MB. Mouse hepatitis virus type 4 (JHM strains) induced fatal central nervous system disease. I. Genetic control and murine neuron as the susceptible site of disease. J Exp Med. 1981;153:832–43.PubMedCrossRef
82.
Williamson JS, Stohlman SA. Effective clearance of mouse hepatitis virus from the central nervous system requires both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. J Virol. 1990;64:4589–92.PubMedCentralPubMed
83.
Bergmann CC, Lane TE, Stohlman SA. Coronavirus infection of the central nervous system: host-virus stand-off. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2006;4:121–32.PubMedCrossRef
84.
Wu GF, Dandekar AA, Pewe L, Perlman S. CD4 and CD8 T cells have redundant but not identical roles in virus-induced demyelination. J Immunol. 2000;165:2278–86.PubMedCrossRef
85.
Pope M, Chung SW, Mosmann T, Leibowitz JL, Gorczynski RM, Levy GA. Resistance of naive mice to murine hepatitis virus strain 3 requires development of a Th1, but not a Th2, response, whereas pre-existing antibody partially protects against primary infection. J Immunol. 1996;156:3342–9.PubMed
86.
87.
Graham BS, Bunton LA, Wright PF, Karzon DT. Role of T lymphocyte subsets in the pathogenesis of primary infection and rechallenge with respiratory syncytial virus in mice. J Clin Investig. 1991;88:1026–33.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
88.
Collisson EW, Pei J, Dzielawa J, Seo SH. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are critical in the control of infectious bronchitis virus in poultry. Dev Comp Immunol. 2000;24:187–200.PubMedCrossRef
89.
Murali-Krishna K, Altman JD, Suresh M, Sourdive DJ, Zajac AJ, Miller JD, Slansky J, Ahmed R. Counting antigen-specific CD8 T cells: a reevaluation of bystander activation during viral infection. Immunity. 1998;8:177–87.PubMedCrossRef
90.
Bachmann MF, Barner M, Viola A, Kopf M. Distinct kinetics of cytokine production and cytolysis in effector and memory T cells after viral infection. Eur J Immunol. 1999;29:291–9.PubMedCrossRef
91.
Strutt TM, McKinstry KK, Dibble JP, Winchell C, Kuang Y, Curtis JD, Huston G, Dutton RW, Swain SL. Memory CD4+ T cells induce innate responses independently of pathogen. Nat Med. 2010. 16:558–564, 551 p following 564.
92.
93.
Kohlmeier JE, Woodland DL. Immunity to respiratory viruses. Annu Rev Immunol. 2009;27:61–82.PubMedCrossRef
94.
95.
Slutter B, Pewe LL, Kaech SM, Harty JT. Lung airway-surveilling CXCR3(hi) memory CD8(+) T cells are critical for protection against influenza A virus. Immunity. 2013;39:939–48.PubMedCrossRef
96.
Sridhar S, Begom S, Bermingham A, Hoschler K, Adamson W, Carman W, Bean T, Barclay W, Deeks JJ, Lalvani A. Cellular immune correlates of protection against symptomatic pandemic influenza. Nat Med. 2013;19:1305–12.PubMedCrossRef
97.
Chen H, Hou J, Jiang X, Ma S, Meng M, Wang B, Zhang M, Zhang M, Tang X, Zhang F, Wan T, Li N, Yu Y, Hu H, Yang R, He W, Wang X, Cao X. Response of memory CD8+ T cells to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus in recovered SARS patients and healthy individuals. J Immunol. 2005;175:591–8.PubMedCrossRef
98.
Peng H, Yang LT, Li J, Lu ZQ, Wang LY, Koup RA, Bailer RT, Wu CY. Human memory T cell responses to SARS-CoV E protein. Microbes Infect/Institut Pasteur. 2006;8:2424–31.CrossRef
99.
Yang L, Peng H, Zhu Z, Li G, Huang Z, Zhao Z, Koup RA, Bailer RT, Wu C. Persistent memory CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses in recovered severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients to SARS coronavirus M antigen. J Gen Virol. 2007;88:2740–8.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
100.
Martin JE, Louder MK, Holman LA, Gordon IJ, Enama ME, Larkin BD, Andrews CA, Vogel L, Koup RA, Roederer M, Bailer RT, Gomez PL, Nason M, Mascola JR, Nabel GJ, Graham BS, Team VRCS. A SARS DNA vaccine induces neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses in healthy adults in a Phase I clinical trial. Vaccine. 2008;26:6338–43.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
101.
Gao W, Tamin A, Soloff A, D’Aiuto L, Nwanegbo E, Robbins PD, Bellini WJ, Barratt-Boyes S, Gambotto A. Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys. Lancet. 2003;362:1895–6.PubMedCrossRef
102.
Zhao P, Cao J, Zhao LJ, Qin ZL, Ke JS, Pan W, Ren H, Yu JG, Qi ZT. Immune responses against SARS-coronavirus nucleocapsid protein induced by DNA vaccine. Virology. 2005;331:128–35.PubMedCrossRef
103.
Wang Z, Yuan Z, Matsumoto M, Hengge UR, Chang YF. Immune responses with DNA vaccines encoded different gene fragments of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in BALB/c mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005;327:130–5.PubMedCrossRef
104.
Ohno S, Kohyama S, Taneichi M, Moriya O, Hayashi H, Oda H, Mori M, Kobayashi A, Akatsuka T, Uchida T, Matsui M. Synthetic peptides coupled to the surface of liposomes effectively induce SARS coronavirus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and viral clearance in HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice. Vaccine. 2009;27:3912–20.PubMedCrossRef
105.
Xu RH, Fang M, Klein-Szanto A, Sigal LJ. Memory CD8+ T cells are gatekeepers of the lymph node draining the site of viral infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104:10992–7.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
106.
Ramakrishna C, Stohlman SA, Atkinson RA, Hinton DR, Bergmann CC. Differential regulation of primary and secondary CD8+ T cells in the central nervous system. J Immunol. 2004;173:6265–73.PubMedCrossRef
107.
Savarin C, Bergmann CC, Hinton DR, Ransohoff RM, Stohlman SA. Memory CD4+ T-cell-mediated protection from lethal coronavirus encephalomyelitis. J Virol. 2008;82:12432–40.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
108.
Pei J, Briles WE, Collisson EW. Memory T cells protect chicks from acute infectious bronchitis virus infection. Virology. 2003;306:376–84.PubMedCrossRef
109.
Seo SH, Pei J, Briles WE, Dzielawa J, Collisson EW. Adoptive transfer of infectious bronchitis virus primed alphabeta T cells bearing CD8 antigen protects chicks from acute infection. Virology. 2000;269:183–9.PubMedCrossRef
110.
Huang J, Cao Y, Du J, Bu X, Ma R, Wu C. Priming with SARS CoV S DNA and boosting with SARS CoV S epitopes specific for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells promote cellular immune responses. Vaccine. 2007;25:6981–91.PubMedCrossRef
111.
Gupta V, Tabiin TM, Sun K, Chandrasekaran A, Anwar A, Yang K, Chikhlikar P, Salmon J, Brusic V, Marques ET, Kellathur SN, August TJ. SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid immunodominant T cell epitope cluster is common to both exogenous recombinant and endogenous DNA-encoded immunogens. Virology. 2006;347:127–39.PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
T cell-mediated immune response to respiratory coronaviruses
verfasst von
Rudragouda Channappanavar
Jincun Zhao
Stanley Perlman
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2014
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Immunologic Research / Ausgabe 1-3/2014
Print ISSN: 0257-277X
Elektronische ISSN: 1559-0755
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-014-8534-z

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1-3/2014

Immunologic Research 1-3/2014 Zur Ausgabe

IMMUNOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA

The immune system and hypertension

IMMUNOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA

Staphylococcal superantigens interact with multiple host receptors to cause serious diseases

IMMUNOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA

Applying biodegradable particles to enhance cancer vaccine efficacy

IMMUNOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA

Follistatin-like protein 1 and its role in inflammation and inflammatory diseases

IMMUNOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA

Vaccine immunotherapy for prostate cancer: from mice to men

IMMUNOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA

Prostate cancer vaccines in combination with additional treatment modalities

Neu im Fachgebiet HNO

16.04.2024 | HNO-Chirurgie | Nachrichten

HNO-Op. auch mit über 90?

16.04.2024 | Tonsillektomie | Nachrichten

Intrakapsuläre Tonsillektomie gewinnt an Boden

15.04.2024 | Hörsturz | Nachrichten

Bilateraler Hörsturz hat eine schlechte Prognose

13.04.2024 | Klinik aktuell | Kongressbericht | Nachrichten

„Nur wer sich gut aufgehoben fühlt, kann auch für Patientensicherheit sorgen“
weitere anzeigen

Update HNO

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert – ganz bequem per eMail.

Newsletter bestellen