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Erschienen in: Neurocritical Care 1/2022

02.03.2022 | Original work

Optic Nerve Sheath Viscoelastic Properties: Re-Examination of Biomechanical Behavior and Clinical Implications

verfasst von: Matthew Luchette, Knut Helmke, Iscander M. Maissan, Hans-Christian Hansen, Robert Jan Stolker, Robert C. Tasker, Alireza Akhondi-Asl

Erschienen in: Neurocritical Care | Ausgabe 1/2022

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Abstract

Background

Meta-analyses show a variable relationship between optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and the presence of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Because optic nerve sheath (ONS) tissue can be deformed, it is possible that ONSD reflects not only the current ICP but also prior deforming biomechanical exposures. In this post hoc analysis of two published data sets, we characterize ONS Young’s modulus (E, mechanical stress per unit of strain) and calculate threshold pressure for plastic deformation.

Methods

The authors of two previously published articles contributed primary data for these unique post hoc analyses. Human cadaveric ex vivo measurements of ONSD (n = 10) and luminal distending pressure (range 5 to 65 mm Hg) were used to calculate E and the threshold pressure for plastic deformation. Clinical in vivo measurements of ONSD and ICP during endotracheal tube suction from patients with traumatic brain injury (n = 15) were used to validate the ex vivo cadaveric findings.

Results

Ex vivo ONS estimate of E was 140 ± 1.3 mm Hg (mean ± standard error), with evidence of plastic deformation occurring with distending pressure at 45 mm Hg. Similar E (71 ± 10 mm Hg) was estimated in vivo with an average ICP of 34 ± 2 mm Hg.

Conclusions

Ex vivo, ONS plastic deformation occurs at levels of pressure commonly seen in patients with raised ICP, leading to distortion of the ICP–ONSD relationship. This evidence of plastic deformation may illustrate why meta-analyses fail to identify a single threshold in ONSD associated with the presence of raised ICP. Future studies characterizing time-dependent viscous characteristics of the ONS will help determine the time course of ONS tissue biomechanical behavior.
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Metadaten
Titel
Optic Nerve Sheath Viscoelastic Properties: Re-Examination of Biomechanical Behavior and Clinical Implications
verfasst von
Matthew Luchette
Knut Helmke
Iscander M. Maissan
Hans-Christian Hansen
Robert Jan Stolker
Robert C. Tasker
Alireza Akhondi-Asl
Publikationsdatum
02.03.2022
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Neurocritical Care / Ausgabe 1/2022
Print ISSN: 1541-6933
Elektronische ISSN: 1556-0961
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-022-01462-x

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