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The Role of Nitric Oxide and Sympathetic Control in Cerebral Autoregulation in the Setting of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Traumatic Brain Injury

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Abstract

Cerebral autoregulation is defined as the mechanism by which constant cerebral blood flow is maintained despite changes of arterial blood pressure, and arterial blood pressure represents the principle aspect of cerebral autoregulation. The impairment of cerebral autoregulation is reported to be involved in several diseases. However, the concept, mechanisms, and pathological dysfunction of cerebral autoregulation are beyond full comprehension. Nitric oxide control and sympathetic control are main contributors to cerebral autoregulation. Although impaired cerebral autoregulation after nitric oxide inhibition or sympathetic ganglia blockade is reported, managing the inhibition or blockade can have negative consequences and needs further exploration. Additionally, impaired cerebral autoregulation following subarachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury has been proven by several descriptive studies, although without corresponding explanations. As the most important mechanisms of cerebral autoregulation, the changes of nitric oxide and sympathetic stimulation play significant roles in these insults. Therefore, the in-depth researches of nitric oxide and sympathetic nerve in cerebral autoregulation may help to develop new therapeutic targets.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

This article was supported by Jilin Provincial government (Changbai mountain scholars, 440020031172) to Yi Yang and Youth development foundation of First Hospital of Jilin University to Zheni-Ni Guo.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun, 130021, China

      Zhen-Ni Guo & Yi Yang

    2. Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China

      Anwen Shao

    3. Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China

      Lu-Sha Tong

    4. College of Automobile Engineering, Jilin University, Chang Chun, China

      Weiyi Sun

    5. Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, China

      Jia Liu

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    Correspondence to Yi Yang.

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    Zhen-Ni Guo, Anwen Shao, Lu-Sha Tong and Weiyi Sun contributed equally to this work.

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    Guo, ZN., Shao, A., Tong, LS. et al. The Role of Nitric Oxide and Sympathetic Control in Cerebral Autoregulation in the Setting of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Traumatic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 53, 3606–3615 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-015-9308-x

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