nach oben

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

Erschienen in:

19.09.2018 | Review Article

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Encephalitis in Children

verfasst von: Satinder Aneja, Suvasini Sharma

Erschienen in: Indian Journal of Pediatrics | Ausgabe 1/2019

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Acute encephalitis is a common cause of death and neurodevelopmental problems in children. The causative agents are numerous including infectious agents such as viruses, bacteria, mycobacteria and protozoa; para-infectious and immune mediated disorders such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and autoimmune encephalitis, especially the recently described anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Also, many viral associated encephalopathies such as acute necrotizing encephalopathy can mimic the presentation of acute encephalitis. In this article, authors describe the approach to the diagnosis and management of acute encephalitis in children.

Kneen R, Michael BD, Menson E, et al; National Encephalitis Guidelines Development and Stakeholder Groups. Management of suspected viral encephalitis in children - Association of British Neurologists and British Paediatric Allergy Immunology and Infection Group national guidelines. J Infect. 2012;64:449–77.

World Health Organisation. Acute encephalitis syndrome. Japanese encephalitis surveillance standards. January 2006. From WHO-recommended standards for surveillance of selected vaccine-preventable diseases. WHO/V&B/03.01. Available at: http://www.who.int/vaccines-documents/DocsPDF06/843.pdf. Accessed on 15th July 2018.

Bagdure D, Custer JW, Rao S, et al. Hospitalized children with encephalitis in the United States: a pediatric health information system database study. Pediatr Neurol. 2016;61:58–62.

Sharma S, Mishra D, Aneja S, Kumar R, Jain A, Vashishtha VM. Consensus guidelines on evaluation and management of suspected acute viral encephalitis in children in India. Indian Pediatr. 2012;49:897–910.CrossRefPubMed

Anukumar B, Sapkal GN, Tandale BV, Balasubramanian R, Gangale D. West Nile encephalitis outbreak in Kerala, India, 2011. J Clin Virol. 2014;61:152–5.CrossRefPubMed

Karmarkar SA, Aneja S, Khare S, Saini A, Seth A, Chauhan BK. A study of acute febrile encephalopathy with special reference to viral etiology. Indian J Pediatr. 2008;75:801–5.CrossRefPubMed

Mittal M, Thangaraj JWV, Rose W, et al. Scrub typhus as a cause of acute encephalitis syndrome, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23:1414–6.

Mizuguchi M, Yamanouchi H, Ichiyama T, Shiomi M. Acute encephalopathy associated with influenza and other viral infections. Acta Neurol Scand. 2007;115:45–56.CrossRefPubMed

Shrivastava A, Kumar A, Thomas JD, et al. Association of acute toxic encephalopathy with litchi consumption in an outbreak in Muzaffarpur, India, 2014: a case-control study. Lancet Glob Health. 2017;5:e458–66.

10.

Ooi MH, Wong SC, Lewthwaite P, Cardosa MJ, Solomon T. Clinical features, diagnosis, and management of enterovirus 71. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9:1097–105.CrossRefPubMed

11.

Graus F, Titulaer MJ, Balu R, et al. A clinical approach to diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15:391–404.

12.

Britton PN, Blyth CC, Macartney K, Dale RC, Li-Kim-Moy J, Khandaker G, et al. The spectrum and burden of influenza-associated neurological disease in children: combined encephalitis and influenza sentinel site surveillance from Australia, 2013-2015. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65:653–60.CrossRefPubMed

13.

Carod-Artal FJ, Wichmann O, Farrar J, Gascon J. Neurological complications of dengue virus infection. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12:906–19.CrossRefPubMed

14.

Abbas A, Garg A, Jain R, Mazibrada G, Jacob S. Extreme delta brushes and BIRDs in the EEG of anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis. Pract Neurol. 2016;16:326–7.CrossRefPubMed

15.

Mohammad SS, Soe SM, Pillai SC, et al. Etiological associations and outcome predictors of acute electroencephalography in childhood encephalitis. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016;127:3217–24.

16.

Kamei S, Sekizawa T, Shiota H, et al. Evaluation of combination therapy using aciclovir and corticosteroid in adult patients with herpes simplex virus encephalitis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005;76:1544–9.

17.

Martinez-Torres F, Menon S, Pritsch M, et al; GACHE Investigators. Protocol for German trial of Acyclovir and corticosteroids in Herpes-simplex-virus-encephalitis (GACHE): a multicenter, multinational, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled German, Austrian and Dutch trial [ISRCTN45122933]. BMC Neurol. 2008;8:40.

18.

Hoke CH Jr, Vaughn DW, Nisalak A, et al. Effect of high-dose dexamethasone on the outcome of acute encephalitis due to Japanese encephalitis virus. J Infect Dis. 1992;165:631–7.CrossRefPubMed

19.

Wang SM, Lei HY, Huang MC, et al. Modulation of cytokine production by intravenous immunoglobulin in patients with enterovirus 71-associated brainstem encephalitis. J Clin Virol. 2006;37:47–52.

20.

Caramello P, Canta F, Balbiano R, et al. Role of intravenous immunoglobulin administration in Japanese encephalitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43:1620–1.

21.

Iro MA, Sadarangani M, Absoud M, et al. ImmunoglobuliN in the treatment of encephalitis (IgNiTE): protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2016;6:e012356.

22.

Rotbart HA, Webster AD. Treatment of potentially life-threatening enterovirus infections with pleconaril. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32:228–35.CrossRefPubMed

23.

Kumar R, Tripathi P, Baranwal M, Singh S, Tripathi S, Banerjee G. Randomized, controlled trial of oral ribavirin for Japanese encephalitis in children in Uttar Pradesh, India. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48:400–6.

24.

Kumar R, Basu A, Sinha S, et al. Role of oral minocycline in acute encephalitis syndrome in India - a randomized controlled trial. BMC Infect Dis. 2016;16:67.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Titel: Diagnosis and Management of Acute Encephalitis in Children
verfasst von: Satinder Aneja
Suvasini Sharma
Publikationsdatum: 19.09.2018
Verlag: Springer India
Erschienen in: Indian Journal of Pediatrics / Ausgabe 1/2019
Print ISSN: 0019-5456
Elektronische ISSN: 0973-7693
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-018-2775-0

Neu im Fachgebiet Pädiatrie

23.04.2024 | Typ-1-Diabetes | Nachrichten

Update Pädiatrie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Encephalitis in Children

Abstract

Neu im Fachgebiet Pädiatrie

Neuer Typ-1-Diabetes bei Kindern am Wochenende eher übersehen

Neue Studienergebnisse zur Myopiekontrolle mit Atropin

Spinale Muskelatrophie: Neugeborenen-Screening lohnt sich

Fünf Dinge, die im Kindernotfall besser zu unterlassen sind

Update Pädiatrie

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2019

Does Procalcitonin Predict Bacterial Infection in Febrile Children with Sickle Cell Disease?

Fungal and Parasitic CNS Infections

Pseudothrombocytopenia and Usefulness of Platelet Aggregates in Peripheral Smear in the Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Sleep Morbidities and Sensory Impairment; Emerging Paradigm in Research and Management

Evaluation of Childhood Vaccine Refusal and Hesitancy Intentions in Turkey

Pediatric Neurocysticercosis

Neu im Fachgebiet Pädiatrie

Neuer Typ-1-Diabetes bei Kindern am Wochenende eher übersehen

Neue Studienergebnisse zur Myopiekontrolle mit Atropin

Spinale Muskelatrophie: Neugeborenen-Screening lohnt sich

Fünf Dinge, die im Kindernotfall besser zu unterlassen sind

Update Pädiatrie