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Erschienen in: Die Kardiologie 1/2009

01.02.2009 | CME Weiterbildung • Zertifizierte Fortbildung

Prä- oder intrahospitaler Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand

Häufigkeit, Ergebnisse, Perspektiven

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. H.-J. Trappe

Erschienen in: Die Kardiologie | Ausgabe 1/2009

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Zusammenfassung

Die Prognose von Patienten mit prä- (pHKS) oder intrahospitalem (iHKS) Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand durch Kammerflimmern oder pulsloser ventrikulärer Tachykardie ist schlecht, und nur 5–8% der Patienten mit pHKS bzw. 30% mit iHKS überleben ein solches Ereignis. Die Defibrillation ist das entscheidende therapeutische Verfahren und sollte beim pHKS <5 min und bei iHKS <3 min erfolgen. Pro Minute verschlechtert sich die Erfolgsrate um ca. 10%. „Frühdefibrillation“ wird als Intervention mittels automatisierter externer Defibrillatoren (AED) durch nichtärztliche Rettungskräfte verstanden, wobei zwischen der „First-Responder-Defibrillation“ (trainierte Laienhelfer) und der „Public-Access-Defibrillation“ (zufällig in der Nähe von AED anwesende untrainierte Laien) unterschieden wird. In den meisten bisher vorliegenden Studien aus den USA und Europa wurde nachgewiesen, dass die AED-Anwendung durch trainierte Ersthelfer zu höheren Überlebensraten führte als beim Einsatz professioneller Helfer („NAW-Team“). Dieses wurde damit begründet, dass die „call-to-arrival-time“ bei Ersthelfern wesentlich kürzer war als bei den professionellen Rettungssystemen. Zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt sollten AEDs an Plätzen installiert werden, an denen sich viele Menschen aufhalten, und auch in Kliniken. Schulungen der Mitarbeiter in Reanimationsmaßnahmen und AED-Anwendung sind unerlässlich.
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Metadaten
Titel
Prä- oder intrahospitaler Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand
Häufigkeit, Ergebnisse, Perspektiven
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. H.-J. Trappe
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2009
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Kardiologie / Ausgabe 1/2009
Print ISSN: 2731-7129
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7137
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12181-008-0121-x

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