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Évaluation d’un test de diagnostic rapide pour le diagnostic de la toxoplasmose chez les femmes enceintes à Cotonou (Bénin)

Evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Cotonou (Bénin)

  • Biologie Clinique / Clinical Biology
  • Published:
Bulletin de la Société de pathologie exotique

Résumé

L’objectif de l’étude était d’évaluer les performances des tests ImmunoComb® Toxo IgG et ImmunoComb® Toxo IgM pour le diagnostic biologique de la toxoplasmose chez les femmes enceintes à Cotonou. 266 femmes venues à l’hôpital avec une demande de sérologie toxoplasmique ont rempli un questionnaire et ont bénéficié d’un prélèvement pour le dosage des IgG et IgM anti T. gondii par le test rapide ImmunoComb® Toxo IgG, ImmunoComb® toxo IgM et par la méthode CIMA de l’automate Architect, considérée comme technique de référence. La sensibilité, la spécificité, les valeurs prédictives positives (VPP) et négatives (VPN) ont été calculées en vue de déterminer les performances du test rapide. La prévalence de la toxoplasmose par la technique de référence et le test rapide étaient respectivement de 48,9 % et 48,5 %. Cette prévalence était plus élevée chez les femmes plus âgées. Les performances du test Immuno-Comb® Toxo IgG étaient les suivantes : sensibilité = 97 %, spécificité=100 %, VPP =100 %, VPN = 97,1 %. Pour le test ImmunoComb® toxo IgM, les performances étaient : Sensibilité = 33,3 %, Spécificité =100 %, VPP = 100 %, VPN = 99,2 %. La séroprévalence obtenue montre qu’environ la moitié de la population de l’étude n’est pas immunisée visà-vis de la toxoplasmose et nécessiterait un suivi sérologique régulier jusqu’à l’accouchement. Avec les résultats ainsi obtenus, et étant donné les besoins du diagnostic biologique dans un contexte de proportion non négligeable du nombre de femmes non immunisées, ce test pourrait être préconisé dans le diagnostic biologique de la toxoplasmose à des niveaux périphériques de la pyramide sanitaire surtout pour la détection des IgG. Par contre pour les IgM, une autre politique de dépistage devrait être associée.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the ImmunoComb® Toxo IgG and ImmunoComb® Toxo IgMassays (rapid diagnostic test) in the laboratory diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Cotonou. We interviewed 266 pregnant women, who first answered an epidemiological questionnaire, and collected blood samples for measurement of IgG and IgM anti T. gondii antibodies with the ImmunoComb toxo assays and with the ARCHITECT CIMA method. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated to determine the performance of the rapid test. The seroprevalences of IgG against T. gondii by CIMA technique and rapid test were respectively 48.9% and 48.5%. The prevalence increased with age. Performances for IgG were: sensitivity 97%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, NPV = 97.10%. For IgM, Sensitivity: 33.3% Specificity: 100%, PPV 100%, NPV = 99.2%. Seroprevalence obtained shows that about half of the study population is not immune against T. gondii and requires regular serological monitoring until delivery. According to these results, and given the needs of toxoplasmosis diagnosis on the field characterized by an important decrease of immunized women, this test may be recommended in the laboratory diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in peripheral levels of the health pyramid.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 06 BP1372, Cotonou, Bénin

    A. Ogouyèmi-Hounto, F. Agbayahoun-Chokki, Y. Sissinto Savi de Tove, B. Biokou Bankole, V. Adinsi de Souza, M. Assogba, D. Kinde-Gazard & A. Massougbodji

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  1. A. Ogouyèmi-Hounto
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  2. F. Agbayahoun-Chokki
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  3. Y. Sissinto Savi de Tove
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Correspondence to A. Ogouyèmi-Hounto.

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Ogouyèmi-Hounto, A., Agbayahoun-Chokki, F., Sissinto Savi de Tove, Y. et al. Évaluation d’un test de diagnostic rapide pour le diagnostic de la toxoplasmose chez les femmes enceintes à Cotonou (Bénin). Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot. 107, 85–89 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13149-014-0355-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13149-014-0355-8

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