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“Immunoporosis”: Immunology of Osteoporosis

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Bone is a dynamic organ that maintains its proper architecture and function by undergoing continuous cycles of modelling and remodelling during normal host physiology. Any dysregulation in the bone remodelling process leads to the development of bone-related disorders including osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is considered as one of the most commonly occurring but often neglected bone diseases leading to enhanced fragility and morbidity in large number of populations. Presently, available drugs (strontium, bisphosphonates, oestrogen replacement therapy, etc.) that are being used as a therapy for treating osteoporosis come with higher side effects and complications later in life. Thus, newer therapies are need of the hour for better management and treatment of osteoporosis-related bone loss. Various studies indicate that immune responses (both innate and adaptive) play crucial role in the development and maintenance of inflammatory conditions including osteoporosis. Thus, in present review we specifically discuss about the role of innate (DCs, NK cells, macrophages and ILCs) and adaptive (Th1, Th2, Th17, Tregs and B cells) immune cells in progression of osteoporosis. This novel field recently proposed and coined as “Immunoporosis” (Immunology of Osteoporosis) by our group, deals with the cross talk between immune and bone cells providing excellent dedicated interface for understanding the complexity of these two unique systems in osteoporosis with potential for providing novel molecular insights in the development of effective therapeutics for osteoporosis.

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Acknowledgement

This work was financially supported by projects: DST-SERB (EMR/2016/007158), Govt. of India, and intramural project (A-596 and AI-15) from All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-India, sanctioned to RKS; National Academy of Sciences (NASI), Allahabad-India, sanctioned to GCM. LS, AB, ZA, LR, CS and RKS acknowledge the Department of Biotechnology, AIIMS, New Delhi-India, for providing infrastructural facilities. ZA thanks Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar (MP). LR and GCM acknowledge National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune-India, for providing infrastructural facilities. LS and ZA thank UGC for research fellowship, LR thanks NASI for research fellowship, AB thanks DST-SERB project for research fellowship, and NS and AA thank DBT for PG fellowships.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India

    Leena Sapra, Chaman Saini, Asha Bhardwaj, Niti Shokeen, Ayaan Ahmad & Rupesh K. Srivastava

  2. Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, MP, 470003, India

    Zaffar Azam

  3. Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Punjab, 160011, India

    Lekha Rani

  4. National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007, India

    Gyan C. Mishra

Authors
  1. Leena Sapra
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  2. Zaffar Azam
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  3. Lekha Rani
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  4. Chaman Saini
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  6. Niti Shokeen
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  8. Gyan C. Mishra
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  9. Rupesh K. Srivastava
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Contributions

RKS and GCM suggested the focus and outline of the review. RKS, LS, LR, CS, AB, NS and AA participated in writing of the review. RKS suggested and LS created the illustrations.

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Correspondence to Gyan C. Mishra or Rupesh K. Srivastava.

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Sapra, L., Azam, Z., Rani, L. et al. “Immunoporosis”: Immunology of Osteoporosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. 91, 511–519 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-021-01238-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-021-01238-x

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