Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders 2/2020

26.10.2020 | COVID-19 | Review article Zur Zeit gratis

The mental health of healthcare workers in the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review

verfasst von: Maryam Vizheh, Mostafa Qorbani, Seyed Masoud Arzaghi, Salut Muhidin, Zohreh Javanmard, Marzieh Esmaeili

Erschienen in: Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders | Ausgabe 2/2020

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose

The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is widely spreading all over the world, causing mental health problems for most people. The medical staff is also under considerable psychological pressure. This study aimed to review all research carried out on the mental health status of health care workers (HCWs) to bring policymakers and managers’ attention.

Methods

A literature search conducted through e-databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS) from December 2019 up to April 12th 2020. All cross- sectional studies published in English which assessed the health workers’ psychological well-being during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic included. Study quality was analyzed using NHLBI Study Quality assessment tools.

Results

One hundred relevant articles were identified through systematic search; of which eleven studies were eligible for this review. Their quality score was acceptable. The lowest reported prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among HCWs was 24.1%, 12.1%, and 29.8%, respectively. In addition, the highest reported values for the aforementioned parameters were 67.55%, 55.89%, and 62.99%, respectively. Nurses, female workers, front-line health care workers, younger medical staff, and workers in areas with higher infection rates reported more severe degrees of all psychological symptoms than other health care workers. Moreover, vicarious traumatization in non-front-line nurses and the general public was higher than that of the front-line nurses.

Conclusion

During SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, the health care workers face aggravated psychological pressure and even mental illness. It would be recommended to the policymakers and managers to adopt the supportive, encouragement & motivational, protective, and training & educational interventions, especially through information and communication platform.
Literatur
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen Q, Liang M, Li Y, Guo J, Fei D, Wang L et al. Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):e15–e6. Chen Q, Liang M, Li Y, Guo J, Fei D, Wang L et al. Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):e15–e6.
5.
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Xiao H, Zhang Y, Kong D, Li S, Yang N. The Effects of Social Support on Sleep Quality of Medical Staff Treating Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in January and February 2020 in China. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research. 2020;26:e923549. https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.923549. Xiao H, Zhang Y, Kong D, Li S, Yang N. The Effects of Social Support on Sleep Quality of Medical Staff Treating Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in January and February 2020 in China. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research. 2020;26:e923549. https://​doi.​org/​10.​12659/​msm.​923549.
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee SM, Kang WS, Cho A-R, Kim T, Park JK. Psychological impact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospital workers and quarantined hemodialysis patients. Compr Psychiatry. 2018;87:123–7. Lee SM, Kang WS, Cho A-R, Kim T, Park JK. Psychological impact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospital workers and quarantined hemodialysis patients. Compr Psychiatry. 2018;87:123–7.
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Chong M-Y, Wang W-C, Hsieh W-C, Lee C-Y, Chiu N-M, Yeh W-C et al. Psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on health workers in a tertiary hospital. Br J Psychiatry. 2004;185(2):127–33. Chong M-Y, Wang W-C, Hsieh W-C, Lee C-Y, Chiu N-M, Yeh W-C et al. Psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on health workers in a tertiary hospital. Br J Psychiatry. 2004;185(2):127–33.
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Lima CKT, de Medeiros Carvalho PM, Lima IdAS, de Oliveira Nunes JVA, Saraiva JS, de Souza RI et al. The emotional impact of Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (new Coronavirus disease). Psychiatry Res. 2020:112915. Lima CKT, de Medeiros Carvalho PM, Lima IdAS, de Oliveira Nunes JVA, Saraiva JS, de Souza RI et al. The emotional impact of Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (new Coronavirus disease). Psychiatry Res. 2020:112915.
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Kang L, Ma S, Chen M, Yang J, Wang Y, Li R, et al. Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A cross-sectional study. Brain, behavior, and immunity. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.028. Kang L, Ma S, Chen M, Yang J, Wang Y, Li R, et al. Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A cross-sectional study. Brain, behavior, and immunity. 2020. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​bbi.​2020.​03.​028.
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev. 2015;4(1):1. Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev. 2015;4(1):1.
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Ma L-L, Wang Y-Y, Yang Z-H, Huang D, Weng H, Zeng X-T. Methodological quality (risk of bias) assessment tools for primary and secondary medical studies: what are they and which is better? Military Medical Research. 2020;7(1):1–11. Ma L-L, Wang Y-Y, Yang Z-H, Huang D, Weng H, Zeng X-T. Methodological quality (risk of bias) assessment tools for primary and secondary medical studies: what are they and which is better? Military Medical Research. 2020;7(1):1–11.
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Odriozola-González P, Planchuelo-Gómez Á, Irurtia-Muñiz MJ, de Luis-García R, González M, Planchuelo-Gómez R. Psychological symptoms of the outbreak of the COVID-19 crisis and confinement in the population of Spain. PsyArXiv. 2020. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mq4fg. Odriozola-González P, Planchuelo-Gómez Á, Irurtia-Muñiz MJ, de Luis-García R, González M, Planchuelo-Gómez R. Psychological symptoms of the outbreak of the COVID-19 crisis and confinement in the population of Spain. PsyArXiv. 2020. https://​doi.​org/​10.​31234/​osf.​io/​mq4fg.
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Simione L, Gnagnarella C. Differences between health workers and general population in risk perception, behaviors, and psychological distress related to COVID-19 spread in Italy. 2020. Simione L, Gnagnarella C. Differences between health workers and general population in risk perception, behaviors, and psychological distress related to COVID-19 spread in Italy. 2020.
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Ji D, Ji Y-J, Duan X-Z, Li W-G, Sun Z-Q, Song X-A et al. Prevalence of psychological symptoms among Ebola survivors and healthcare workers during the 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone: a cross-sectional study. Oncotarget. 2017;8(8):12784. Ji D, Ji Y-J, Duan X-Z, Li W-G, Sun Z-Q, Song X-A et al. Prevalence of psychological symptoms among Ebola survivors and healthcare workers during the 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone: a cross-sectional study. Oncotarget. 2017;8(8):12784.
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Muhidin S, Moghadam ZB, Vizheh M. Analysis of Maternal Coronavirus Infections and Neonates Born to Mothers with 2019-nCoV; a Systematic Review. Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine. 2020;8(1):49. Muhidin S, Moghadam ZB, Vizheh M. Analysis of Maternal Coronavirus Infections and Neonates Born to Mothers with 2019-nCoV; a Systematic Review. Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine. 2020;8(1):49.
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Maunder RG, Lancee WJ, Rourke S, Hunter JJ, Goldbloom D, Balderson K et al. Factors associated with the psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on nurses and other hospital workers in Toronto. Psychosom Med. 2004;66(6):938–42. Maunder RG, Lancee WJ, Rourke S, Hunter JJ, Goldbloom D, Balderson K et al. Factors associated with the psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on nurses and other hospital workers in Toronto. Psychosom Med. 2004;66(6):938–42.
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Brooks SK, Dunn R, Amlôt R, Rubin GJ. Greenberg NJJoo, medicine e. A systematic, thematic review of social and occupational factors associated with psychological outcomes in healthcare employees during an infectious disease outbreak. J Occup Environ Med 2018;60(3):248–57. Brooks SK, Dunn R, Amlôt R, Rubin GJ. Greenberg NJJoo, medicine e. A systematic, thematic review of social and occupational factors associated with psychological outcomes in healthcare employees during an infectious disease outbreak. J Occup Environ Med 2018;60(3):248–57.
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Tam CW, Pang EP, Lam LC, Chiu HF. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Hong Kong in 2003: stress and psychological impact among frontline healthcare workers. Psychol Med. 2004;34(7):1197–204. Tam CW, Pang EP, Lam LC, Chiu HF. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Hong Kong in 2003: stress and psychological impact among frontline healthcare workers. Psychol Med. 2004;34(7):1197–204.
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Shah K, Kamrai D, Mekala H, Mann B, Desai K, Patel RS. Focus on mental health during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: applying learnings from the past outbreaks. Cureus. 2020;12(3):e 7405. Shah K, Kamrai D, Mekala H, Mann B, Desai K, Patel RS. Focus on mental health during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: applying learnings from the past outbreaks. Cureus. 2020;12(3):e 7405.
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen R, Chou K-R, Huang Y-J, Wang T-S, Liu S-Y, Ho L-Y. Effects of a SARS prevention programme in Taiwan on nursing staff's anxiety, depression and sleep quality: a longitudinal survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2006;43(2):215–25. Chen R, Chou K-R, Huang Y-J, Wang T-S, Liu S-Y, Ho L-Y. Effects of a SARS prevention programme in Taiwan on nursing staff's anxiety, depression and sleep quality: a longitudinal survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2006;43(2):215–25.
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Robertson E, Hershenfield K, Grace SL, Stewart DE. The psychosocial effects of being quarantined following exposure to SARS: a qualitative study of Toronto health care workers. Can J Psychiatr Nurs. 2004;49(6):403–7. Robertson E, Hershenfield K, Grace SL, Stewart DE. The psychosocial effects of being quarantined following exposure to SARS: a qualitative study of Toronto health care workers. Can J Psychiatr Nurs. 2004;49(6):403–7.
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Khalid I, Khalid TJ, Qabajah MR, Barnard AG, Qushmaq IA. Healthcare workers emotions, perceived stressors and coping strategies during a MERS-CoV outbreak. Clin Med Res. 2016;14(1):7–14. Khalid I, Khalid TJ, Qabajah MR, Barnard AG, Qushmaq IA. Healthcare workers emotions, perceived stressors and coping strategies during a MERS-CoV outbreak. Clin Med Res. 2016;14(1):7–14.
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Khosravi M. Perceived Risk of COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Public Worry and Trust. Electron J Gen Med. 2020; 17 (4): em203. 2020. Khosravi M. Perceived Risk of COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Public Worry and Trust. Electron J Gen Med. 2020; 17 (4): em203. 2020.
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Cai H, Tu B, Ma J, Chen L, Fu L, Jiang Y et al. Psychological Impact and Coping Strategies of Frontline Medical Staff in Hunan Between January and March 2020 During the Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‑19) in Hubei, China. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research. 2020;26:e924171–1. Cai H, Tu B, Ma J, Chen L, Fu L, Jiang Y et al. Psychological Impact and Coping Strategies of Frontline Medical Staff in Hunan Between January and March 2020 During the Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‑19) in Hubei, China. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research. 2020;26:e924171–1.
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Ho CS, Chee CY, Ho RC. Mental health strategies to combat the psychological Impact of COVID-19 beyond paranoia and panic. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2020;49(1):1–3.CrossRef Ho CS, Chee CY, Ho RC. Mental health strategies to combat the psychological Impact of COVID-19 beyond paranoia and panic. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2020;49(1):1–3.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
The mental health of healthcare workers in the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review
verfasst von
Maryam Vizheh
Mostafa Qorbani
Seyed Masoud Arzaghi
Salut Muhidin
Zohreh Javanmard
Marzieh Esmaeili
Publikationsdatum
26.10.2020
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Schlagwort
COVID-19
Erschienen in
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders / Ausgabe 2/2020
Elektronische ISSN: 2251-6581
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-020-00643-9

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2020

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders 2/2020 Zur Ausgabe

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.