Skip to main content
Erschienen in: CNS Drugs 8/2016

01.08.2016 | Review Article

Barriers to the Use of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in the Management of Schizophrenia

verfasst von: Eduard Parellada, Miquel Bioque

Erschienen in: CNS Drugs | Ausgabe 8/2016

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Schizophrenia and related disorders remain major disabling conditions, mainly due to antipsychotic treatment resistance and to relapses related to antipsychotic nonadherence. Treatment nonadherence rates are consistently high in long-term patients, but also in first-episode patients with schizophrenia. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIAs) were mainly developed to improve adherence to treatment and to reduce the rate of relapse and rehospitalization in schizophrenia due to treatment discontinuation. There is favorable clinical evidence, in terms of both efficacy and treatment adherence, that could support higher LAIA prescription rates, especially in patients in early phases of psychotic disorders. Several factors could be hindering wider use of LAIAs, mainly associated with perceptions and attitudes of patients, clinicians, and health managers or policy makers. The main aims of this review are (i) to summarize the existing data on the efficacy and tolerability of LAIAs compared with oral formulations in the management of schizophrenia and related disorders, focusing on the novel, second-generation LAIA options; (ii) to analyze the barriers that exist to the more widespread use of these formulations; and (iii) to discuss possible approaches to overcoming these barriers.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Velligan DI, Weiden PJ, Sajatovic M, Scott J, Carpenter D, Ross R, et al. Assessment of adherence problems in patients with serious and persistent mental illness: recommendations from the Expert Consensus Guidelines. J Psychiatr Pract. 2010;16(1):34–45.CrossRefPubMed Velligan DI, Weiden PJ, Sajatovic M, Scott J, Carpenter D, Ross R, et al. Assessment of adherence problems in patients with serious and persistent mental illness: recommendations from the Expert Consensus Guidelines. J Psychiatr Pract. 2010;16(1):34–45.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Kirschner M, Theodoridou A, Fusar-Poli P, Kaiser S, Jäger M. Patients’ and clinicians’ attitude towards long-acting depot antipsychotics in subjects with a first episode of psychosis. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2013;3(2):89–99.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kirschner M, Theodoridou A, Fusar-Poli P, Kaiser S, Jäger M. Patients’ and clinicians’ attitude towards long-acting depot antipsychotics in subjects with a first episode of psychosis. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2013;3(2):89–99.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Lieberman JA, Stroup TS, McEvoy JP, Swartz MS, Rosenheck RA, Perkins DO, et al. Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(12):1209–23.CrossRefPubMed Lieberman JA, Stroup TS, McEvoy JP, Swartz MS, Rosenheck RA, Perkins DO, et al. Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(12):1209–23.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Kahn RS, Fleischhacker WW, Boter H, Davidson M, Vergouwe Y, Keet IP, et al. Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in first-episode schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder: an open randomised clinical trial. Lancet. 2008;371(9618):1085–97.CrossRefPubMed Kahn RS, Fleischhacker WW, Boter H, Davidson M, Vergouwe Y, Keet IP, et al. Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in first-episode schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder: an open randomised clinical trial. Lancet. 2008;371(9618):1085–97.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Norman RM, Malla AK. Examining adherence to medication and substance use as possible confounds of duration of untreated psychosis. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2002;190(5):331–4.CrossRefPubMed Norman RM, Malla AK. Examining adherence to medication and substance use as possible confounds of duration of untreated psychosis. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2002;190(5):331–4.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Malla AK, Norman RM, Manchanda R, Townsend L. Symptoms, cognition, treatment adherence and functional outcome in first-episode psychosis. Psychol Med. 2002;32(6):1109–19.CrossRefPubMed Malla AK, Norman RM, Manchanda R, Townsend L. Symptoms, cognition, treatment adherence and functional outcome in first-episode psychosis. Psychol Med. 2002;32(6):1109–19.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Lacro JP, Dunn LB, Dolder CR, Leckband SG, Jeste DV. Prevalence of and risk factors for medication nonadherence in patients with schizophrenia: a comprehensive review of recent literature. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002;63(10):892–909.CrossRefPubMed Lacro JP, Dunn LB, Dolder CR, Leckband SG, Jeste DV. Prevalence of and risk factors for medication nonadherence in patients with schizophrenia: a comprehensive review of recent literature. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002;63(10):892–909.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Velligan DI, Weiden PJ, Sajatovic M, Scott J, Carpenter D, Ross R, et al. The expert consensus guideline series: adherence problems in patients with serious and persistent mental illness. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009;70(Suppl 4):1–46 (quiz 7–8). Velligan DI, Weiden PJ, Sajatovic M, Scott J, Carpenter D, Ross R, et al. The expert consensus guideline series: adherence problems in patients with serious and persistent mental illness. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009;70(Suppl 4):1–46 (quiz 7–8).
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Coldham EL, Addington J, Addington D. Medication adherence of individuals with a first episode of psychosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2002;106(4):286–90.CrossRefPubMed Coldham EL, Addington J, Addington D. Medication adherence of individuals with a first episode of psychosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2002;106(4):286–90.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang F, Si T, Chiou CF, Harris AW, Kim CY, Jahagirdar P, et al. Efficacy, safety, and impact on hospitalizations of paliperidone palmitate in recent-onset schizophrenia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2015;11:657–68.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Zhang F, Si T, Chiou CF, Harris AW, Kim CY, Jahagirdar P, et al. Efficacy, safety, and impact on hospitalizations of paliperidone palmitate in recent-onset schizophrenia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2015;11:657–68.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Czobor P, Van Dorn RA, Citrome L, Kahn RS, Fleischhacker WW, Volavka J. Treatment adherence in schizophrenia: A patient-level meta-analysis of combined CATIE and EUFEST studies. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015;25(8):1158–66.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Czobor P, Van Dorn RA, Citrome L, Kahn RS, Fleischhacker WW, Volavka J. Treatment adherence in schizophrenia: A patient-level meta-analysis of combined CATIE and EUFEST studies. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015;25(8):1158–66.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Kane JM, Kishimoto T, Correll CU. Non-adherence to medication in patients with psychotic disorders: epidemiology, contributing factors and management strategies. World Psychiatry. 2013;12(3):216–26.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kane JM, Kishimoto T, Correll CU. Non-adherence to medication in patients with psychotic disorders: epidemiology, contributing factors and management strategies. World Psychiatry. 2013;12(3):216–26.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Carpenter WT Jr, Buchanan RW. Expanding Therapy With Long-Acting Antipsychotic Medication in Patients With Schizophrenia. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(8):745–6.CrossRefPubMed Carpenter WT Jr, Buchanan RW. Expanding Therapy With Long-Acting Antipsychotic Medication in Patients With Schizophrenia. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(8):745–6.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Johnson DA. Historical perspective on antipsychotic long-acting injections. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 2009;52:S7–12.CrossRefPubMed Johnson DA. Historical perspective on antipsychotic long-acting injections. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 2009;52:S7–12.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Kane JM, Garcia-Ribera C. Clinical guideline recommendations for antipsychotic long-acting injections. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 2009;52:S63–7.CrossRefPubMed Kane JM, Garcia-Ribera C. Clinical guideline recommendations for antipsychotic long-acting injections. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 2009;52:S63–7.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Parellada E, Velligan DI, Emsley R, Kissling W. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics in first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Res Treatment. 2012;2012:318535.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Parellada E, Velligan DI, Emsley R, Kissling W. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics in first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Res Treatment. 2012;2012:318535.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Weiden PJ. Why are Canadians complacent about long-acting injectable antipsychotic therapies? Come on, Canada, you can do better! Can J Psychiatry. 2013;58(5 Suppl 1):3S–4S.PubMed Weiden PJ. Why are Canadians complacent about long-acting injectable antipsychotic therapies? Come on, Canada, you can do better! Can J Psychiatry. 2013;58(5 Suppl 1):3S–4S.PubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Azorin JM. Guidelines on long-acting injectable atypical antipsychotics for first-episode schizophrenia. Encephale. 2013;39(Suppl 2):S121–3.CrossRefPubMed Azorin JM. Guidelines on long-acting injectable atypical antipsychotics for first-episode schizophrenia. Encephale. 2013;39(Suppl 2):S121–3.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Bosanac P, Castle DJ. Why are long-acting injectable antipsychotics still underused? BJPscyh Adv. 2015;21(2):98–105.CrossRef Bosanac P, Castle DJ. Why are long-acting injectable antipsychotics still underused? BJPscyh Adv. 2015;21(2):98–105.CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Nasrallah HA. The case for long-acting antipsychotic agents in the post-CATIE era. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2007;115(4):260–7.CrossRefPubMed Nasrallah HA. The case for long-acting antipsychotic agents in the post-CATIE era. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2007;115(4):260–7.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Briesacher BA, Andrade SE, Fouayzi H, Chan KA. Comparison of drug adherence rates among patients with seven different medical conditions. Pharmacotherapy. 2008;28(4):437–43.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Briesacher BA, Andrade SE, Fouayzi H, Chan KA. Comparison of drug adherence rates among patients with seven different medical conditions. Pharmacotherapy. 2008;28(4):437–43.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Haddad PM, Brain C, Scott J. Nonadherence with antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia: challenges and management strategies. Patient Relat Outcome Meas. 2014;5:43–62.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Haddad PM, Brain C, Scott J. Nonadherence with antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia: challenges and management strategies. Patient Relat Outcome Meas. 2014;5:43–62.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Rauch A-S, Fleischhacker WW. Long-acting injectable formulations of new-generation antipsychotics: a review from a clinical perspective. CNS Drugs. 2013;27(8):637–52. Rauch A-S, Fleischhacker WW. Long-acting injectable formulations of new-generation antipsychotics: a review from a clinical perspective. CNS Drugs. 2013;27(8):637–52.
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Stahl SM. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics: shall the last be first? CNS Spectr. 2014;19(01):3–5.CrossRefPubMed Stahl SM. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics: shall the last be first? CNS Spectr. 2014;19(01):3–5.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Tiihonen J, Haukka J, Taylor M, Haddad PM, Patel MX, Korhonen P. A nationwide cohort study of oral and depot antipsychotics after first hospitalization for schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2011;168(6):603–9.CrossRefPubMed Tiihonen J, Haukka J, Taylor M, Haddad PM, Patel MX, Korhonen P. A nationwide cohort study of oral and depot antipsychotics after first hospitalization for schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2011;168(6):603–9.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhornitsky S, Stip E. Oral versus long-acting injectable antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia and special populations at risk for treatment nonadherence: a systematic review. Schizophr Res Treatment. 2012;2012:12.CrossRef Zhornitsky S, Stip E. Oral versus long-acting injectable antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia and special populations at risk for treatment nonadherence: a systematic review. Schizophr Res Treatment. 2012;2012:12.CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Getzen H, Beasley M, D’Mello DA. Barriers to utilizing long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2013;25(4):E1–6.PubMed Getzen H, Beasley M, D’Mello DA. Barriers to utilizing long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2013;25(4):E1–6.PubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Kirson NY, Weiden PJ, Yermakov S, Huang W, Samuelson T, Offord SJ, et al. Efficacy and effectiveness of depot versus oral antipsychotics in schizophrenia: synthesizing results across different research designs. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013;74(6):568–75.CrossRefPubMed Kirson NY, Weiden PJ, Yermakov S, Huang W, Samuelson T, Offord SJ, et al. Efficacy and effectiveness of depot versus oral antipsychotics in schizophrenia: synthesizing results across different research designs. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013;74(6):568–75.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Buckley PF, Schooler NR, Goff DC, Hsiao J, Kopelowicz A, Lauriello J, et al. Comparison of SGA oral medications and a long-acting injectable SGA: the PROACTIVE study. Schizophr Bull. 2015;41(2):449–59. Buckley PF, Schooler NR, Goff DC, Hsiao J, Kopelowicz A, Lauriello J, et al. Comparison of SGA oral medications and a long-acting injectable SGA: the PROACTIVE study. Schizophr Bull. 2015;41(2):449–59.
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Kishimoto T, Robenzadeh A, Leucht C, Leucht S, Watanabe K, Mimura M, et al. Long-acting injectable vs oral antipsychotics for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Schizophr Bull. 2014;40(1):192–213.CrossRefPubMed Kishimoto T, Robenzadeh A, Leucht C, Leucht S, Watanabe K, Mimura M, et al. Long-acting injectable vs oral antipsychotics for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Schizophr Bull. 2014;40(1):192–213.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Kishimoto T, Nitta M, Borenstein M, Kane JM, Correll CU. Long-acting injectable versus oral antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of mirror-image studies. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013;74(10):957–65.CrossRefPubMed Kishimoto T, Nitta M, Borenstein M, Kane JM, Correll CU. Long-acting injectable versus oral antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of mirror-image studies. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013;74(10):957–65.CrossRefPubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Lafeuille MH, Dean J, Carter V, Duh MS, Fastenau J, Dirani R, et al. Systematic review of long-acting injectables versus oral atypical antipsychotics on hospitalization in schizophrenia. Curr Med Res Opin. 2014;30(8):1643–55.CrossRefPubMed Lafeuille MH, Dean J, Carter V, Duh MS, Fastenau J, Dirani R, et al. Systematic review of long-acting injectables versus oral atypical antipsychotics on hospitalization in schizophrenia. Curr Med Res Opin. 2014;30(8):1643–55.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Davis JM, Matalon L, Watanabe MD, Blake L, Metalon L. Depot antipsychotic drugs. Place in therapy. Drugs. 1994;47(5):741–73.CrossRefPubMed Davis JM, Matalon L, Watanabe MD, Blake L, Metalon L. Depot antipsychotic drugs. Place in therapy. Drugs. 1994;47(5):741–73.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Leucht S, Cipriani A, Spineli L, Mavridis D, Orey D, Richter F, et al. Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 15 antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis. Lancet. 2013;382(9896):951–62.CrossRefPubMed Leucht S, Cipriani A, Spineli L, Mavridis D, Orey D, Richter F, et al. Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 15 antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis. Lancet. 2013;382(9896):951–62.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Kishimoto T, Agarwal V, Kishi T, Leucht S, Kane JM, Correll CU. Relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of second-generation antipsychotics versus first-generation antipsychotics. Mol Psychiatry. 2013;18(1):53–66.CrossRefPubMed Kishimoto T, Agarwal V, Kishi T, Leucht S, Kane JM, Correll CU. Relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of second-generation antipsychotics versus first-generation antipsychotics. Mol Psychiatry. 2013;18(1):53–66.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Brissos S, Veguilla MR, Taylor D, Balanza-Martinez V. The role of long-acting injectable antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a critical appraisal. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2014;4(5):198–219.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Brissos S, Veguilla MR, Taylor D, Balanza-Martinez V. The role of long-acting injectable antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a critical appraisal. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2014;4(5):198–219.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Fleischhacker WW, Meise U, Gunther V, Kurz M. Compliance with antipsychotic drug treatment: Influence of side effects. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1994;89(382):11–5. Fleischhacker WW, Meise U, Gunther V, Kurz M. Compliance with antipsychotic drug treatment: Influence of side effects. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1994;89(382):11–5.
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Ereshefsky L, Mascarenas CA. Comparison of the effects of different routes of antipsychotic administration on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64(SUPPL. 16):18–23. Ereshefsky L, Mascarenas CA. Comparison of the effects of different routes of antipsychotic administration on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64(SUPPL. 16):18–23.
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Correll CU. Addressing barriers to using long-acting injectable antipsychotics and appropriately monitoring antipsychotic adverse events. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013;74(8):e16.CrossRef Correll CU. Addressing barriers to using long-acting injectable antipsychotics and appropriately monitoring antipsychotic adverse events. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013;74(8):e16.CrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Parellada E. Clinical experience and management considerations with long-acting risperidone. Curr Med Res Opin. 2006;22(2):241–55.CrossRefPubMed Parellada E. Clinical experience and management considerations with long-acting risperidone. Curr Med Res Opin. 2006;22(2):241–55.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Chue P, Eerdekens M, Augustyns I, Lachaux B, Molčan P, Eriksson L, et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of long-acting risperidone and risperidone oral tablets. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005;15(1):111–7.CrossRefPubMed Chue P, Eerdekens M, Augustyns I, Lachaux B, Molčan P, Eriksson L, et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of long-acting risperidone and risperidone oral tablets. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005;15(1):111–7.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Bai YM, Chen TT, Chen JY, Chang WH, Wu B, Hung CH, et al. Equivalent switching dose from oral risperidone to risperidone long-acting injection: a 48-week randomized, prospective, single-blind pharmacokinetic study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68(8):1218–25.CrossRefPubMed Bai YM, Chen TT, Chen JY, Chang WH, Wu B, Hung CH, et al. Equivalent switching dose from oral risperidone to risperidone long-acting injection: a 48-week randomized, prospective, single-blind pharmacokinetic study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68(8):1218–25.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Lambert T, Olivares JM, Peuskens J, Desouza C, Kozma CM, Otten P, et al. Effectiveness of injectable risperidone long-acting therapy for schizophrenia: data from the US, Spain, Australia, and Belgium. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2011;10:10.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Lambert T, Olivares JM, Peuskens J, Desouza C, Kozma CM, Otten P, et al. Effectiveness of injectable risperidone long-acting therapy for schizophrenia: data from the US, Spain, Australia, and Belgium. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2011;10:10.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Rosenheck RA, Krystal JH, Lew R, Barnett PG, Fiore L, Valley D, et al. Long-acting risperidone and oral antipsychotics in unstable schizophrenia. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(9):842–51.CrossRefPubMed Rosenheck RA, Krystal JH, Lew R, Barnett PG, Fiore L, Valley D, et al. Long-acting risperidone and oral antipsychotics in unstable schizophrenia. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(9):842–51.CrossRefPubMed
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Nielsen J, Jensen SOW, Friis RB, Valentin JB, Correll CU. Comparative effectiveness of risperidone long-acting injectable vs first-generation antipsychotic long-acting injectables in schizophrenia: results from a nationwide, retrospective inception cohort study. Schizophr Bull. 2015;41(3):627–36. Nielsen J, Jensen SOW, Friis RB, Valentin JB, Correll CU. Comparative effectiveness of risperidone long-acting injectable vs first-generation antipsychotic long-acting injectables in schizophrenia: results from a nationwide, retrospective inception cohort study. Schizophr Bull. 2015;41(3):627–36.
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Subotnik KL, Casaus LR, Ventura J, Luo JS, Hellemann GS, Gretchen-Doorly D, et al. Long-acting injectable risperidone for relapse prevention and control of breakthrough symptoms after a recent first episode of schizophrenia : a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(8):822–9.CrossRefPubMed Subotnik KL, Casaus LR, Ventura J, Luo JS, Hellemann GS, Gretchen-Doorly D, et al. Long-acting injectable risperidone for relapse prevention and control of breakthrough symptoms after a recent first episode of schizophrenia : a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(8):822–9.CrossRefPubMed
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Kane JM, Detke HC, Naber D, Sethuraman G, Lin DY, Bergstrom RF, et al. Olanzapine long-acting injection: a 24-week, randomized, double-blind trial of maintenance treatment in patients with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2010;167(2):181–9. Kane JM, Detke HC, Naber D, Sethuraman G, Lin DY, Bergstrom RF, et al. Olanzapine long-acting injection: a 24-week, randomized, double-blind trial of maintenance treatment in patients with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2010;167(2):181–9.
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Lauriello J, Lambert T, Andersen S, Lin D, Taylor CC, McDonnell D. An 8-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of olanzapine long-acting injection in acutely ill patients with schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;69(5):790–9.CrossRefPubMed Lauriello J, Lambert T, Andersen S, Lin D, Taylor CC, McDonnell D. An 8-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of olanzapine long-acting injection in acutely ill patients with schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;69(5):790–9.CrossRefPubMed
49.
Zurück zum Zitat McDonnell DP, Andersen SW, Detke HC, Zhao F, Watson SB. Long-term safety and tolerability of open-label olanzapine long-acting injection in the treatment of schizophrenia: 190-week interim results. Clin Med Insights Psychiatry. 2011;3(2728):37–47. McDonnell DP, Andersen SW, Detke HC, Zhao F, Watson SB. Long-term safety and tolerability of open-label olanzapine long-acting injection in the treatment of schizophrenia: 190-week interim results. Clin Med Insights Psychiatry. 2011;3(2728):37–47.
50.
Zurück zum Zitat McDonnell DP, Landry J, Detke HC. Long-term safety and efficacy of olanzapine long-acting injection in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: a 6-year, multinational, single-arm, open-label study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2014;29(6):322–31.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral McDonnell DP, Landry J, Detke HC. Long-term safety and efficacy of olanzapine long-acting injection in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: a 6-year, multinational, single-arm, open-label study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2014;29(6):322–31.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Bushe CJ, Falk D, Anand E, Casillas M, Perrin E, Chhabra-Khanna R, et al. Olanzapine long-acting injection: a review of first experiences of post-injection delirium/sedation syndrome in routine clinical practice. BMC Psychiatry. 2015;15:65.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bushe CJ, Falk D, Anand E, Casillas M, Perrin E, Chhabra-Khanna R, et al. Olanzapine long-acting injection: a review of first experiences of post-injection delirium/sedation syndrome in routine clinical practice. BMC Psychiatry. 2015;15:65.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Gonzalez-Rodriguez A, Catalan R, Penades R, Garcia-Rizo C, Bioque M, Parellada E, et al. Profile of paliperidone palmitate once-monthly long-acting injectable in the management of schizophrenia: long-term safety, efficacy, and patient acceptability—a review. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2015;9:695–706.PubMedPubMedCentral Gonzalez-Rodriguez A, Catalan R, Penades R, Garcia-Rizo C, Bioque M, Parellada E, et al. Profile of paliperidone palmitate once-monthly long-acting injectable in the management of schizophrenia: long-term safety, efficacy, and patient acceptability—a review. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2015;9:695–706.PubMedPubMedCentral
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Hough D, Gopal S, Vijapurkar U, Lim P, Morozova M, Eerdekens M. Paliperidone palmitate maintenance treatment in delaying the time-to-relapse in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Schizophr Res. 2010;116(2–3):107–17.CrossRefPubMed Hough D, Gopal S, Vijapurkar U, Lim P, Morozova M, Eerdekens M. Paliperidone palmitate maintenance treatment in delaying the time-to-relapse in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Schizophr Res. 2010;116(2–3):107–17.CrossRefPubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Pandina G, Lane R, Gopal S, Gassmann-Mayer C, Hough D, Remmerie B, et al. A double-blind study of paliperidone palmitate and risperidone long-acting injectable in adults with schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011;35(1):218–26.CrossRefPubMed Pandina G, Lane R, Gopal S, Gassmann-Mayer C, Hough D, Remmerie B, et al. A double-blind study of paliperidone palmitate and risperidone long-acting injectable in adults with schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011;35(1):218–26.CrossRefPubMed
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Nasrallah HA, Gopal S, Gassmann-Mayer C, Quiroz JA, Lim P, Eerdekens M, et al. A controlled, evidence-based trial of paliperidone palmitate, a long-acting injectable antipsychotic, in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2010;35(10):2072–82.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Nasrallah HA, Gopal S, Gassmann-Mayer C, Quiroz JA, Lim P, Eerdekens M, et al. A controlled, evidence-based trial of paliperidone palmitate, a long-acting injectable antipsychotic, in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2010;35(10):2072–82.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Bossie CA, Fu DJ, Sliwa JK, Ma YW, Alphs L. Tolerability of initiation doses of once-monthly paliperidone palmitate in patients with recently diagnosed schizophrenia in an acute treatment trial. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2011;1(4):111–24.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bossie CA, Fu DJ, Sliwa JK, Ma YW, Alphs L. Tolerability of initiation doses of once-monthly paliperidone palmitate in patients with recently diagnosed schizophrenia in an acute treatment trial. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2011;1(4):111–24.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Bossie CA, Sliwa JK, Ma YW, Fu DJ, Alphs L. Onset of efficacy and tolerability following the initiation dosing of long-acting paliperidone palmitate: post-hoc analyses of a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. BMC Psychiatry. 2011;11:79.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bossie CA, Sliwa JK, Ma YW, Fu DJ, Alphs L. Onset of efficacy and tolerability following the initiation dosing of long-acting paliperidone palmitate: post-hoc analyses of a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. BMC Psychiatry. 2011;11:79.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Alphs L, Bossie CA, Sliwa JK, Ma YW, Turner N. Onset of efficacy with acute long-acting injectable paliperidone palmitate treatment in markedly to severely ill patients with schizophrenia: post hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2011;10(1):12.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Alphs L, Bossie CA, Sliwa JK, Ma YW, Turner N. Onset of efficacy with acute long-acting injectable paliperidone palmitate treatment in markedly to severely ill patients with schizophrenia: post hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2011;10(1):12.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Li H, Rui Q, Ning X, Xu H, Gu N. A comparative study of paliperidone palmitate and risperidone long-acting injectable therapy in schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011;35(4):1002–8.CrossRefPubMed Li H, Rui Q, Ning X, Xu H, Gu N. A comparative study of paliperidone palmitate and risperidone long-acting injectable therapy in schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011;35(4):1002–8.CrossRefPubMed
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Fleischhacker WW, Gopal S, Lane R, Gassmann-Mayer C, Lim P, Hough D, et al. A randomized trial of paliperidone palmitate and risperidone long-acting injectable in schizophrenia. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2012;15(1):107–18.CrossRefPubMed Fleischhacker WW, Gopal S, Lane R, Gassmann-Mayer C, Lim P, Hough D, et al. A randomized trial of paliperidone palmitate and risperidone long-acting injectable in schizophrenia. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2012;15(1):107–18.CrossRefPubMed
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Gopal S, Xu H, Bossie C, Buron JA, Fu DJ, Savitz A, et al. Incidence of tardive dyskinesia: a comparison of long-acting injectable and oral paliperidone clinical trial databases. Int J Clin Pract. 2014;68(12):1514–22.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Gopal S, Xu H, Bossie C, Buron JA, Fu DJ, Savitz A, et al. Incidence of tardive dyskinesia: a comparison of long-acting injectable and oral paliperidone clinical trial databases. Int J Clin Pract. 2014;68(12):1514–22.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Schreiner A, Bergmans P, Cherubin P, Keim S, Rancans E, Bez Y, et al. A prospective flexible-dose study of paliperidone palmitate in nonacute but symptomatic patients with schizophrenia previously unsuccessfully treated with oral antipsychotic agents. Clin Ther. 2014;36(10):1372–88 e1. Schreiner A, Bergmans P, Cherubin P, Keim S, Rancans E, Bez Y, et al. A prospective flexible-dose study of paliperidone palmitate in nonacute but symptomatic patients with schizophrenia previously unsuccessfully treated with oral antipsychotic agents. Clin Ther. 2014;36(10):1372–88 e1.
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Alphs L, Benson C, Cheshire-Kinney K, Lindenmayer JP, Mao L, Rodriguez SC, et al. Real-world outcomes of paliperidone palmitate compared to daily oral antipsychotic therapy in schizophrenia: a randomized, open-label, review board-blinded 15-month study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015;76(5):554–61.CrossRefPubMed Alphs L, Benson C, Cheshire-Kinney K, Lindenmayer JP, Mao L, Rodriguez SC, et al. Real-world outcomes of paliperidone palmitate compared to daily oral antipsychotic therapy in schizophrenia: a randomized, open-label, review board-blinded 15-month study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015;76(5):554–61.CrossRefPubMed
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Hargarter L, Cherubin P, Bergmans P, Keim S, Rancans E, Bez Y, et al. Intramuscular long-acting paliperidone palmitate in acute patients with schizophrenia unsuccessfully treated with oral antipsychotics. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2015;3(58):1–7.CrossRef Hargarter L, Cherubin P, Bergmans P, Keim S, Rancans E, Bez Y, et al. Intramuscular long-acting paliperidone palmitate in acute patients with schizophrenia unsuccessfully treated with oral antipsychotics. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2015;3(58):1–7.CrossRef
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Berwaerts J, Liu Y, Gopal S, Nuamah I, Xu H, Savitz A, et al. Efficacy and safety of the 3-month formulation of paliperidone palmitate vs placebo for relapse prevention of schizophrenia: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(8):830–9. Berwaerts J, Liu Y, Gopal S, Nuamah I, Xu H, Savitz A, et al. Efficacy and safety of the 3-month formulation of paliperidone palmitate vs placebo for relapse prevention of schizophrenia: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(8):830–9.
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Ravenstijn P, Remmerie B, Savitz A, Samtani MN, Nuamah I, Chang C-T, et al. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of paliperidone palmitate 3-month formulation in patients with schizophrenia: a phase-1, single-dose, randomized, open-label study. J Clin Pharmacol. 2016;56(3):330–9.CrossRefPubMed Ravenstijn P, Remmerie B, Savitz A, Samtani MN, Nuamah I, Chang C-T, et al. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of paliperidone palmitate 3-month formulation in patients with schizophrenia: a phase-1, single-dose, randomized, open-label study. J Clin Pharmacol. 2016;56(3):330–9.CrossRefPubMed
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Savitz AJ, Xu H, Gopal S, Nuamah I, Ravenstijn P, Janik A, et al. Efficacy and safety of paliperidone palmitate 3-month formulation for patients with schizophrenia: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, noninferiority study. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016. doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyw018 PubMedPubMedCentral Savitz AJ, Xu H, Gopal S, Nuamah I, Ravenstijn P, Janik A, et al. Efficacy and safety of paliperidone palmitate 3-month formulation for patients with schizophrenia: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, noninferiority study. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016. doi:10.​1093/​ijnp/​pyw018 PubMedPubMedCentral
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Kane JM, Sanchez R, Perry PP, Jin N, Johnson BR, Forbes RA, et al. Aripiprazole intramuscular depot as maintenance treatment in patients with schizophrenia: a 52-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012;73(5):617–24.CrossRefPubMed Kane JM, Sanchez R, Perry PP, Jin N, Johnson BR, Forbes RA, et al. Aripiprazole intramuscular depot as maintenance treatment in patients with schizophrenia: a 52-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012;73(5):617–24.CrossRefPubMed
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Fleischhacker WW, Sanchez R, Perry PP, Jin N, Peters-Strickland T, Johnson BR, et al. Aripiprazole once-monthly for treatment of schizophrenia: double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority study. Br J Psychiatry. 2014;205(2):135–44.CrossRefPubMed Fleischhacker WW, Sanchez R, Perry PP, Jin N, Peters-Strickland T, Johnson BR, et al. Aripiprazole once-monthly for treatment of schizophrenia: double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority study. Br J Psychiatry. 2014;205(2):135–44.CrossRefPubMed
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Kane JM, Sanchez R, Baker RA, Eramo A, Peters-Strickland T, Perry PP, et al. Patient-centered outcomes with aripiprazole once-monthly for maintenance treatment in patients with schizophrenia. Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses. 2015;24:1–25. Kane JM, Sanchez R, Baker RA, Eramo A, Peters-Strickland T, Perry PP, et al. Patient-centered outcomes with aripiprazole once-monthly for maintenance treatment in patients with schizophrenia. Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses. 2015;24:1–25.
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Ishigooka J, Nakamura J, Fujii Y, Iwata N, Kishimoto T, Iyo M, et al. Efficacy and safety of aripiprazole once-monthly in Asian patients with schizophrenia: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority study versus oral aripiprazole. Schizophr Res. 2015;161(2–3):421–8.CrossRefPubMed Ishigooka J, Nakamura J, Fujii Y, Iwata N, Kishimoto T, Iyo M, et al. Efficacy and safety of aripiprazole once-monthly in Asian patients with schizophrenia: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority study versus oral aripiprazole. Schizophr Res. 2015;161(2–3):421–8.CrossRefPubMed
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Naber D, Hansen K, Forray C, Baker RA, Sapin C, Beillat M, et al. Qualify: a randomized head-to-head study of aripiprazole once-monthly and paliperidone palmitate in the treatment of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2015;168(1–2):498–504.CrossRefPubMed Naber D, Hansen K, Forray C, Baker RA, Sapin C, Beillat M, et al. Qualify: a randomized head-to-head study of aripiprazole once-monthly and paliperidone palmitate in the treatment of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2015;168(1–2):498–504.CrossRefPubMed
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Meltzer HY, Risinger R, Nasrallah HA, Du Y, Zummo J, Corey L, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of aripiprazole lauroxil in acute exacerbation of schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015;76(8):1085–90.CrossRefPubMed Meltzer HY, Risinger R, Nasrallah HA, Du Y, Zummo J, Corey L, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of aripiprazole lauroxil in acute exacerbation of schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015;76(8):1085–90.CrossRefPubMed
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Iyer S, Banks N, Roy MA, Tibbo P, Williams R, Manchanda R, et al. A qualitative study of experiences with and perceptions regarding long-acting injectable antipsychotics: part I-patient perspectives. Can J Psychiatry. 2013;58(5 Suppl 1):14S–22S.PubMed Iyer S, Banks N, Roy MA, Tibbo P, Williams R, Manchanda R, et al. A qualitative study of experiences with and perceptions regarding long-acting injectable antipsychotics: part I-patient perspectives. Can J Psychiatry. 2013;58(5 Suppl 1):14S–22S.PubMed
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Das AK, Malik A, Haddad PM. A qualitative study of the attitudes of patients in an early intervention service towards antipsychotic long-acting injections. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2014;4(5):179–85.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Das AK, Malik A, Haddad PM. A qualitative study of the attitudes of patients in an early intervention service towards antipsychotic long-acting injections. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2014;4(5):179–85.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Corbin J, Strauss A. Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedures and techniques. Qualitative Sociology. Newby Park: Sage: Human Sciences Press, Inc.; 1990. Corbin J, Strauss A. Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedures and techniques. Qualitative Sociology. Newby Park: Sage: Human Sciences Press, Inc.; 1990.
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Pereira S, Pinto R. A survey of the attitudes of chronic psychiatric patients living in the community toward their medication. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1997;95(6):464–8.CrossRefPubMed Pereira S, Pinto R. A survey of the attitudes of chronic psychiatric patients living in the community toward their medication. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1997;95(6):464–8.CrossRefPubMed
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Walburn J, Gray R, Gournay K, Quraishi S, David AS. Systematic review of patient and nurse attitudes to depot antipsychotic medication. Br J Psychiatry. 2001;179(OCT.):300–7. Walburn J, Gray R, Gournay K, Quraishi S, David AS. Systematic review of patient and nurse attitudes to depot antipsychotic medication. Br J Psychiatry. 2001;179(OCT.):300–7.
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Jaeger M, Rossler W. Attitudes towards long-acting depot antipsychotics: a survey of patients, relatives and psychiatrists. Psychiatry Res. 2010;175(1–2):58–62. Jaeger M, Rossler W. Attitudes towards long-acting depot antipsychotics: a survey of patients, relatives and psychiatrists. Psychiatry Res. 2010;175(1–2):58–62.
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Svedberg B, Backenroth-Ohsako G, Lutzen K. On the path to recovery: patients’ experiences of treatment with long-acting injections of antipsychotic medication. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2003;12(2):110–8.CrossRefPubMed Svedberg B, Backenroth-Ohsako G, Lutzen K. On the path to recovery: patients’ experiences of treatment with long-acting injections of antipsychotic medication. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2003;12(2):110–8.CrossRefPubMed
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Patel M, Haddad P, Chaudhry I, McLoughlin S, David A. Psychiatrists’ use, knowledge and attitudes to first- and second-generation antipsychotic long-acting injections: comparisons over 5 years. J Psychopharmacol. 2010;24(10):1473–82. Patel M, Haddad P, Chaudhry I, McLoughlin S, David A. Psychiatrists’ use, knowledge and attitudes to first- and second-generation antipsychotic long-acting injections: comparisons over 5 years. J Psychopharmacol. 2010;24(10):1473–82.
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Iyer S, Banks N, Roy MA, Tibbo P, Williams R, Manchanda R, et al. A qualitative study of experiences with and perceptions regarding long-acting injectable antipsychotics: part II-physician perspectives. Can J Psychiatry. 2013;58(5 Suppl 1):23S–9S.PubMed Iyer S, Banks N, Roy MA, Tibbo P, Williams R, Manchanda R, et al. A qualitative study of experiences with and perceptions regarding long-acting injectable antipsychotics: part II-physician perspectives. Can J Psychiatry. 2013;58(5 Suppl 1):23S–9S.PubMed
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Weiden PJ, Roma RS, Velligan DI, Alphs L, DiChiara M, Davidson B. The challenge of offering long-acting antipsychotic therapies: a preliminary discourse analysis of psychiatrist recommendations for injectable therapy to patients with schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015;76(6):684–90.CrossRefPubMed Weiden PJ, Roma RS, Velligan DI, Alphs L, DiChiara M, Davidson B. The challenge of offering long-acting antipsychotic therapies: a preliminary discourse analysis of psychiatrist recommendations for injectable therapy to patients with schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015;76(6):684–90.CrossRefPubMed
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Heres S, Reichhart T, Hamann J, Mendel R, Leucht S, Kissling W. Psychiatrists’ attitude to antipsychotic depot treatment in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry. 2011;26(5):297–301. Heres S, Reichhart T, Hamann J, Mendel R, Leucht S, Kissling W. Psychiatrists’ attitude to antipsychotic depot treatment in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry. 2011;26(5):297–301.
85.
Zurück zum Zitat Kane JM. Attitudinal barriers to prescribing LAI antipsychotics in the outpatient setting: communicating with patients, families, and caregivers. J Clin Psychiatry. 2014;75(12):e33.CrossRefPubMed Kane JM. Attitudinal barriers to prescribing LAI antipsychotics in the outpatient setting: communicating with patients, families, and caregivers. J Clin Psychiatry. 2014;75(12):e33.CrossRefPubMed
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Potkin S, Bera R, Zubek D, Lau G. Patient and prescriber perspectives on long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics and analysis of in-office discussion regarding LAI treatment for schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry. 2013;13(1):261.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Potkin S, Bera R, Zubek D, Lau G. Patient and prescriber perspectives on long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics and analysis of in-office discussion regarding LAI treatment for schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry. 2013;13(1):261.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
87.
Zurück zum Zitat Lehman AF, Lieberman JA, Dixon LB, McGlashan T, Miller A, Perkins D, et al. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(2 Suppl):1–56.PubMed Lehman AF, Lieberman JA, Dixon LB, McGlashan T, Miller A, Perkins D, et al. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(2 Suppl):1–56.PubMed
88.
Zurück zum Zitat Canadian Psychiatric Association. Clinical practice guidelines: treatment of schizophrenia. Can J Psychiatry. 2005;50(13):7S. Canadian Psychiatric Association. Clinical practice guidelines: treatment of schizophrenia. Can J Psychiatry. 2005;50(13):7S.
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Barnes TR. Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia: recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol. 2011;25(5):567–620.CrossRefPubMed Barnes TR. Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia: recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol. 2011;25(5):567–620.CrossRefPubMed
90.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim B, Lee SH, Yang YK, Park JI, Chung YC. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics for first-episode schizophrenia: the pros and cons. Schizophr Res Treatm. 2012;2012:560836.CrossRef Kim B, Lee SH, Yang YK, Park JI, Chung YC. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics for first-episode schizophrenia: the pros and cons. Schizophr Res Treatm. 2012;2012:560836.CrossRef
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Chue P, Emsley R. Long-acting formulations of atypical antipsychotics: time to reconsider when to introduce depot antipsychotics. CNS Drugs. 2007;21(6):441–8.CrossRefPubMed Chue P, Emsley R. Long-acting formulations of atypical antipsychotics: time to reconsider when to introduce depot antipsychotics. CNS Drugs. 2007;21(6):441–8.CrossRefPubMed
92.
Zurück zum Zitat Taylor M, Ng KY. Should long-acting (depot) antipsychotics be used in early schizophrenia? A systematic review. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2013;47(7):624–30.CrossRefPubMed Taylor M, Ng KY. Should long-acting (depot) antipsychotics be used in early schizophrenia? A systematic review. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2013;47(7):624–30.CrossRefPubMed
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Emsley R, Chiliza B, Asmal L, Mashile M, Fusar-Poli P. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics in early psychosis: a literature review. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2013;7(3):247–54.CrossRefPubMed Emsley R, Chiliza B, Asmal L, Mashile M, Fusar-Poli P. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics in early psychosis: a literature review. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2013;7(3):247–54.CrossRefPubMed
94.
Zurück zum Zitat Heres S. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics: an underutilized treatment option. J Clin Psychiatry. 2014;75(11):1263–5.CrossRefPubMed Heres S. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics: an underutilized treatment option. J Clin Psychiatry. 2014;75(11):1263–5.CrossRefPubMed
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Heres S, Lambert M, Vauth R. Treatment of early episode in patients with schizophrenia: the role of long acting antipsychotics. Eur Psychiatry. 2014;29(Suppl 2):1409–13.CrossRefPubMed Heres S, Lambert M, Vauth R. Treatment of early episode in patients with schizophrenia: the role of long acting antipsychotics. Eur Psychiatry. 2014;29(Suppl 2):1409–13.CrossRefPubMed
96.
Zurück zum Zitat Parellada E, Andrezina R, Milanova V, Glue P, Masiak M, Turner MS, et al. Patients in the early phases of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders effectively treated with risperidone long-acting injectable. J Psychopharmacol. 2005;19(5 Suppl):5–14.CrossRefPubMed Parellada E, Andrezina R, Milanova V, Glue P, Masiak M, Turner MS, et al. Patients in the early phases of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders effectively treated with risperidone long-acting injectable. J Psychopharmacol. 2005;19(5 Suppl):5–14.CrossRefPubMed
97.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim B, Lee SH, Choi TK, Suh S, Kim YW, Lee E, et al. Effectiveness of risperidone long-acting injection in first-episode schizophrenia: in naturalistic setting. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008;32(5):1231–5.CrossRefPubMed Kim B, Lee SH, Choi TK, Suh S, Kim YW, Lee E, et al. Effectiveness of risperidone long-acting injection in first-episode schizophrenia: in naturalistic setting. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008;32(5):1231–5.CrossRefPubMed
98.
Zurück zum Zitat Weiden PJ, Schooler NR, Weedon JC, Elmouchtari A, Sunakawa A, Goldfinger SM. A randomized controlled trial of long-acting injectable risperidone vs continuation on oral atypical antipsychotics for first-episode schizophrenia patients: initial adherence outcome. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009;70(10):1397–406.CrossRefPubMed Weiden PJ, Schooler NR, Weedon JC, Elmouchtari A, Sunakawa A, Goldfinger SM. A randomized controlled trial of long-acting injectable risperidone vs continuation on oral atypical antipsychotics for first-episode schizophrenia patients: initial adherence outcome. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009;70(10):1397–406.CrossRefPubMed
99.
Zurück zum Zitat Stevens GL, Dawson G, Zummo J. Clinical benefits and impact of early use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics for schizophrenia. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2015. doi:10.1111/eip.12278 PubMed Stevens GL, Dawson G, Zummo J. Clinical benefits and impact of early use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics for schizophrenia. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2015. doi:10.​1111/​eip.​12278 PubMed
100.
Zurück zum Zitat Moore TA, Buchanan RW, Buckley PF, Chiles JA, Conley RR, Crismon ML, et al. The Texas Medication Algorithm Project antipsychotic algorithm for schizophrenia: 2006 update. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68(11):1751–62.CrossRefPubMed Moore TA, Buchanan RW, Buckley PF, Chiles JA, Conley RR, Crismon ML, et al. The Texas Medication Algorithm Project antipsychotic algorithm for schizophrenia: 2006 update. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68(11):1751–62.CrossRefPubMed
101.
Zurück zum Zitat Malla A, Tibbo P, Chue P, Levy E, Manchanda R, Teehan M, et al. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics: recommendations for clinicians. Can J Psychiatry. 2013;58(5 Suppl 1):30S–5S.PubMed Malla A, Tibbo P, Chue P, Levy E, Manchanda R, Teehan M, et al. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics: recommendations for clinicians. Can J Psychiatry. 2013;58(5 Suppl 1):30S–5S.PubMed
102.
Zurück zum Zitat Olivares JM, Thirunavukarasu M, Kulkarni J, Zhang HY, Zhang M, Zhang F. Psychiatrists’ awareness of partial and nonadherence to antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia: results from an Asia–Pacific survey. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2013;9:1163–70. Olivares JM, Thirunavukarasu M, Kulkarni J, Zhang HY, Zhang M, Zhang F. Psychiatrists’ awareness of partial and nonadherence to antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia: results from an Asia–Pacific survey. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2013;9:1163–70.
103.
Zurück zum Zitat Almond S, Knapp M, Francois C, Toumi M, Brugha T. Relapse in schizophrenia: costs, clinical outcomes and quality of life. Br J Psychiatry. 2004;184:346–51.CrossRefPubMed Almond S, Knapp M, Francois C, Toumi M, Brugha T. Relapse in schizophrenia: costs, clinical outcomes and quality of life. Br J Psychiatry. 2004;184:346–51.CrossRefPubMed
104.
Zurück zum Zitat Sun SX, Liu GG, Christensen DB, Fu AZ. Review and analysis of hospitalization costs associated with antipsychotic nonadherence in the treatment of schizophrenia in the United States. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007;23(10):2305–12. Sun SX, Liu GG, Christensen DB, Fu AZ. Review and analysis of hospitalization costs associated with antipsychotic nonadherence in the treatment of schizophrenia in the United States. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007;23(10):2305–12.
105.
Zurück zum Zitat Achilla E, McCrone P. The Cost Effectiveness of Long-Acting/Extended-Release Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Schizophrenia. Applied Health Economics and Health Policy. 2013;11(2):95–106. Achilla E, McCrone P. The Cost Effectiveness of Long-Acting/Extended-Release Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Schizophrenia. Applied Health Economics and Health Policy. 2013;11(2):95–106.
106.
Zurück zum Zitat Kane JM. Organizational barriers to using long-acting injectable antipsychotics in practice. J Clin Psychiatry. 2014;75(6):e16.CrossRef Kane JM. Organizational barriers to using long-acting injectable antipsychotics in practice. J Clin Psychiatry. 2014;75(6):e16.CrossRef
107.
Zurück zum Zitat Velligan D, Medellin E, Draper M, Maples N, Dassori A, Moore T, et al. Barriers to, and strategies for, starting a long acting injection clinic in a community mental health center. Community Ment Health J. 2011;47(6):654–9. Velligan D, Medellin E, Draper M, Maples N, Dassori A, Moore T, et al. Barriers to, and strategies for, starting a long acting injection clinic in a community mental health center. Community Ment Health J. 2011;47(6):654–9.
108.
Zurück zum Zitat Lambert TJ, Kane J, Kissling W, Parellada E. CERP–Centres of Excellence in Relapse Prevention. An international educational programme to enhance relapse prevention in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2010;117(2):295–6.CrossRef Lambert TJ, Kane J, Kissling W, Parellada E. CERP–Centres of Excellence in Relapse Prevention. An international educational programme to enhance relapse prevention in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2010;117(2):295–6.CrossRef
109.
Zurück zum Zitat Crivera C, DeSouza C, Kozma CM, Dirani RD, Mao L, Macfadden W. Resource utilization in patients with schizophrenia who initiated risperidone long-acting therapy: results from the Schizophrenia Outcomes Utilization Relapse and Clinical Evaluation (SOURCE). BMC Psychiatry. 2011;11:168.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Crivera C, DeSouza C, Kozma CM, Dirani RD, Mao L, Macfadden W. Resource utilization in patients with schizophrenia who initiated risperidone long-acting therapy: results from the Schizophrenia Outcomes Utilization Relapse and Clinical Evaluation (SOURCE). BMC Psychiatry. 2011;11:168.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
110.
Zurück zum Zitat Furiak NM, Gahn JC, Klein RW, Camper SB, Summers KH. Estimated economic benefits from low-frequency administration of atypical antipsychotics in treatment of schizophrenia: a decision model. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2012;11(1):29.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Furiak NM, Gahn JC, Klein RW, Camper SB, Summers KH. Estimated economic benefits from low-frequency administration of atypical antipsychotics in treatment of schizophrenia: a decision model. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2012;11(1):29.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
111.
Zurück zum Zitat Baser O, Xie L, Pesa J, Durkin M. Healthcare utilization and costs of veterans health administration patients with schizophrenia treated with paliperidone palmitate long-acting injection or oral atypical antipsychotics. J Med Econ. 2015;18(5):357–65.CrossRefPubMed Baser O, Xie L, Pesa J, Durkin M. Healthcare utilization and costs of veterans health administration patients with schizophrenia treated with paliperidone palmitate long-acting injection or oral atypical antipsychotics. J Med Econ. 2015;18(5):357–65.CrossRefPubMed
112.
Zurück zum Zitat Asseburg C, Willis M, Lothgren M, Seppala N, Hakala M, Persson U. Hospitalisation utilisation and costs in schizophrenia patients in Finland before and after initiation of risperidone long-acting injection. Schizophr Res Treat. 2012;2012:791468. Asseburg C, Willis M, Lothgren M, Seppala N, Hakala M, Persson U. Hospitalisation utilisation and costs in schizophrenia patients in Finland before and after initiation of risperidone long-acting injection. Schizophr Res Treat. 2012;2012:791468.
113.
Zurück zum Zitat Altamura AC, Aguglia E, Bassi M, Bogetto F, Cappellari L, De Giorgi S, et al. Rethinking the role of long-acting atypical antipsychotics in the community setting. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2012;27(6):336–49.PubMed Altamura AC, Aguglia E, Bassi M, Bogetto F, Cappellari L, De Giorgi S, et al. Rethinking the role of long-acting atypical antipsychotics in the community setting. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2012;27(6):336–49.PubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Barriers to the Use of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in the Management of Schizophrenia
verfasst von
Eduard Parellada
Miquel Bioque
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2016
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
CNS Drugs / Ausgabe 8/2016
Print ISSN: 1172-7047
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-1934
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-016-0350-7

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2016

CNS Drugs 8/2016 Zur Ausgabe

Leitlinien kompakt für die Neurologie

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Update Neurologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.