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01.03.2013 | Review Article

Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Focus on Newer Agents and New Uses for Older Agents

verfasst von: Rudolph M. Navari

Erschienen in: Drugs | Ausgabe 3/2013

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Abstract

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is associated with a significant deterioration in quality of life. The emetogenicity of the chemotherapeutic agents, repeated chemotherapy cycles, and patient risk factors significantly influence CINV. The use of a combination of a serotonin 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist, dexamethasone and a neurokinin 1 (NK₁) receptor antagonist has significantly improved the control of acute and delayed emesis in single-day chemotherapy. Palonosetron, a second-generation 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist with a different half-life, a different binding capacity and a different mechanism of action than the first-generation 5-HT₃ receptor antagonists appears to be the most effective agent in its class. Aprepitant, the first and only agent clinically available in the NK₁ receptor antagonist drug class has been used effectively as an additive agent to the 5-HT₃ receptor antagonists and dexamethasone to control CINV. Rolapitant and netupitant are other NK₁ receptor antagonists that are currently in phase III clinical trials. Despite the control of emesis, nausea has not been well controlled by current agents. Olanzapine, a US-FDA approved antipsychotic, has emerged in recent trials as an effective preventative agent for CINV, as well as a very effective agent for the treatment of breakthrough emesis and nausea. Clinical trials using gabapentin, cannabinoids and ginger have not been definitive regarding their efficacy in the prevention of CINV. Additional studies are necessary for the control of nausea and for the control of CINV in the clinical settings of multiple-day chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.

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Titel: Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Focus on Newer Agents and New Uses for Older Agents
verfasst von: Rudolph M. Navari
Publikationsdatum: 01.03.2013
Verlag: Springer International Publishing AG
Erschienen in: Drugs / Ausgabe 3/2013
Print ISSN: 0012-6667
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-1950
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-013-0019-1

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Focus on Newer Agents and New Uses for Older Agents

Abstract

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Abstract

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