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Current Addiction Reports
Erschienen in: Current Addiction Reports 4/2016

01.12.2016 | Health Disparities in Addiction (D Barry, Section Editor)

Understanding Addictions among Indigenous People through Social Determinants of Health Frameworks and Strength-Based Approaches: a Review of the Research Literature from 2013 to 2016

verfasst von: Holly A. McKenzie, Colleen A. Dell, Barbara Fornssler

Erschienen in: Current Addiction Reports | Ausgabe 4/2016

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This paper reviews recent research (2013 to 2016) about addictions among Indigenous people. The review concentrates on Indigenous people living within Canada while drawing on literature from countries with similar settler-colonial histories (namely: USA, Australia, and New Zealand).

Recent Findings

Research indicates that Indigenous people, particularly youth, carry a disproportionate burden of harms from problematic substance use in relation to the general population in Canada. While much research continues to focus on the relationship between individualized risk factors (i.e., behaviors) and problematic substance use, increasingly researchers are engaging a social determinants of health framework, including Indigenous-specific determinants. This includes strength-based approaches focusing on protective factors, including the role of traditional culture in Indigenous peoples’ wellness.

Summary

Since focusing on individualized risk factors and deficit-based frames are inadequate for addressing Indigenous peoples’ health, recent research engaging a social determinants of health framework and strength-based approaches is promising.
Fußnoten
1
In this paper, Indigenous people refers to those who are the original inhabitants of the land we are discussing. Within Canada, Indigenous people include First Nations, Métis, and Inuit people.
 
2
The National Survey on Drug Use and Health and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System uses “White” as a racial/cultural group and a racial/ethnic group.
 
3
According to the 2012 Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey, this is not due to substantial decreases in illicit drug use.
 
4
As Browne, Smye explain, “Racialization is a process of attributing social, economic, and cultural differences to race. Racialization may be conscious and deliberate (an act of racism that discriminates openly) or unconscious and unintended. It takes its power from everyday actions and attitudes and from institutionalized policies and practices that marginalize individuals and collectivities on the basis of presumed biological, physical or genetic differences.” [18] As such, health disparities that are often labeled “racial” are produced through processes of racialization.
 
5
“To the Commission, reconciliation is about establishing and maintaining a mutually respectful relationship between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal peoples in this country. In order for that to happen, there has to be an awareness of the past, acknowledgement of the harm that has been inflicted, atonement for the causes, and action to change the behavior” (pp. 6 and 7)
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Understanding Addictions among Indigenous People through Social Determinants of Health Frameworks and Strength-Based Approaches: a Review of the Research Literature from 2013 to 2016
verfasst von
Holly A. McKenzie
Colleen A. Dell
Barbara Fornssler
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2016
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
Current Addiction Reports / Ausgabe 4/2016
Elektronische ISSN: 2196-2952
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-016-0116-9

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