Ocular Changes Induced by Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) Therapy
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Cited by (105)
Edmund Lawrence Dubois (1923–1985)
2024, Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North AmericaOcular side effects of drugs administered systemically for treatment of nonocular diseases
2022, Handbook of Basic and Clinical Ocular Pharmacology and TherapeuticsOne step derivatization and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of hydroxychloroquine sulfate for its sensitive and accurate determination using GC–MS
2022, Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological MethodsStudy of the structural, chemical descriptors and optoelectronic properties of the drugs Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin
2020, HeliyonCitation Excerpt :It is used as an antimalarial drug ever since the Second World War. It is also widely used in the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and other inflammatory and skin diseases [10, 11, 12, 13, 14]. Hydroxychloroquine is rapidly absorbed by the intestine, accumulating in organs such as the liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys.
Short-term, high-dose hydroxychloroquine corneal toxicity
2020, American Journal of Ophthalmology Case ReportsCitation Excerpt :The incidence of corneal hydroxychloroquine deposits depends on both the dose and duration of drug use.2,9 Shearer and Dubois10 reported an incidence of corneal verticillata in patients taking 800 mg/day to be 6% within 6 months, 32% by 12 months, and 100% by 48 months with corneal findings noted as early as 2–3 weeks after starting hydroxychloroquine. In contrast, the incidence of vortex keratopathy has been reported to be 0–5% in patients taking only 400 mg/day of hydroxychloroquine.11–13
Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine Are Novel Inhibitors of Human Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1A2
2016, Journal of Pharmaceutical SciencesCitation Excerpt :The common adverse effects of CQ and HCQ include gastrointestinal upset, mild nausea, and occasional stomach cramps with mild diarrhea.6 However, since the 1960s, long-term usage of CQ or HCQ has also been reported to lead to severe retinopathy and loss of retinal function.7-11 Lack of treatment for CQ- or HCQ-induced retinopathy results in permanent visual loss for patients and as such has significantly restricted the clinical applications of these otherwise cost-effective and widely available drugs.12
This study was supported by a grant from Winthrop Laboratories.