Preoptic/anterior hypothalamic neurons: thermosensitivity in wakefulness and non rapid eye movement sleep
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Body temperature and sleep
2018, Handbook of Clinical NeurologyCitation Excerpt :POA warming suppresses waking-related activity of arousal-promoting neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus and PFLH, the midbrain reticular formation, and the dorsal raphe nucleus (Krilowicz et al., 1994; Guzman-Marin et al., 2000; Methippara et al., 2003). Single-unit recordings in cats and rats during natural sleep and wakefulness combined with local manipulation of hypothalamic temperature reveal that a subset of warm-sensing neurons in the POAH, including those in the MnPO, exhibit elevation of spontaneous discharge rate during sleep onset and NREM sleep, compared to waking (Alam et al., 1995, 1996, 1997). A subset of cold-sensing neurons in these nuclei are maximally activated during waking and exhibit reduced discharge during sleep onset and NREM sleep.
Effects of NMDA and non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors in the medial preoptic area on body temperature in awake rats
2016, Journal of Thermal BiologyGABA<inf>B</inf> receptors as a common target for hypothermia and spike and wave seizures: Intersecting mechanisms of thermoregulation and absence epilepsy
2013, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :Since the lesion of the preoptic hypothalamic zone induces suppression of both NREM sleep and active thermoregulation, it can be concluded that the temperature controlling regions of the preoptic hypothalamus also controls the initiation of NREM sleep (McGinty and Szymusiak, 1990, 2000; Szymusiak and McGinty, 2008). For illustration, a 2 °C local warming of the PO/AH region during wakefulness will readily facilitate sleep due to the functional dichotomy of WS neurons: the initiation of NREM sleep and thermoregulation (Alam et al., 1995, 1996). Thus, the thermoregulation and NREM sleep appear to be very closely related.
Energy Expenditure. Role of Orexin.
2012, Vitamins and HormonesCitation Excerpt :Apart from the stimulating energy expenditure by promoting wake and activity, orexin modulates body temperature during sleep (Mochizuki et al., 2006). Orexin may have indirect effects on sleep and thermoregulation as OXA-induced physical activity during the day may increase body temperature and the accumulation of metabolic end products that promote sleep and heat loss in a circadian manner (Alam et al., 1996; McGinty and Szymusiak, 2001). At the neural level, orexin neurons reciprocally innervate the preoptic area, which promotes sleep and heat loss (Alam et al., 1995; Kumar, 2004) and thermal stimuli to the preoptic area strongly modulates sleep propensity and EEG delta activity (Kumar, 2004).
Neurobiology of waking and sleeping
2011, Handbook of Clinical NeurologyEvolution of wakefulness, sleep and hibernation: From reptiles to mammals
2010, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews