Bond strength and microleakage of current dentin adhesives

doi:10.1016/0109-5641(94)90070-1

Dental Materials

Volume 10, Issue 4, July 1994, Pages 253-258

https://doi.org/10.1016/0109-5641(94)90070-1 Get rights and content

Abstract

Objectives. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate shear bond strengths and microleakage of seven current-generation dentin adhesive systems.

Methods. Standard box-type Class V cavity preparations were made at the cemento-enamel junction on the buccal surfaces of eighty extracted human molars. These preparations were restored using a microfill composite following application of either All-Bond 2 (Bisco), Clearfill Liner Bond (Kuraray), Gluma 2000 (Miles), Imperva Bond (Shofu), OptiBond (Kerr), Prisma Universal Bond 3 (Caulk), Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (3M), or Scotchbond Dual-Cure (3M) (control). Lingual dentin of these same teeth was exposed and polished to 600-grit. Adhesives were applied and composite was bonded to the dentin using a gelatin capsule technique. Specimens were thermocycled 500 times. Shear bond strengths were determined using a universal testing machine, and microleakage was evaluated using a standard silver nitrate staining technique.

Results. Clearfil Liner Bond and OptiBond, adhesive systems that include low-viscosity, low-modulus intermediate resins, had the highest shear bond strengths (13.3 ± 2.3 MPa and 12.9 ± 1.5 MPa, respectively). Along with Prisma Universal Bond 3, they also had the least microleakage at dentin margins of Class V restorations.

Significance. No statistically significant correlation between shear bond strength and microleakage was observed in this study. Adhesive systems that include a low-viscosity intermediate resin produced the high bond strengths and low microleakage. Similarly, two materials with bond strengths in the intermediate range had significantly increased microleakage, and one material with a bond strength in the low end of the spectrum exhibited microleakage that was statistically greater. Thus, despite the lack of statistical correlation, there were observable trends.

References (36)

S. Monteiro et al.
Evaluation of materials and techniques for restoration of erosion areas
J Prosthet Dent
(1986)
D.L. Morin et al.
Biophysical stress analysis of restored teeth: Experimental strain measurement
Dent Mater
(1988)
C. Prati et al.
Shear bond strength and microleakage of dentin bonding systems
J Prosthet Dent
(1991)
C. Prati et al.
Early marginal leakage and shear bond strength of adhesive restorative systems
Dent Mater
(1990)
C. Prati et al.
Relationshio between bond strength and microleakage measured in the same Class I restorations
Dent Mater
(1992)
M. Staninec et al.
Adhesion and microleakage tests of a new dentin bonding system
Dent Mater
(1993)
A.A. Suliman et al.
Cusp movement in premolars resulting from composite polymerization shrinkage
Dent Mater
(1993)
D.L. Torney
The retentive ability of acid-etched dentin
J Prosthet Dent
(1978)
P.T. Triolo et al.
Shear bond strengths of ten dentin adhesive systems
Dent Mater
(1992)
W.W. Barkmeier et al.
Shear bond strength, microleakage and SEM study of the XR Bond adhesive system
Am J Dent
(1989)

W.W. Barkmeier et al.

Effects of 15 vs. 60 second enamel acid conditioning on adhesion and morphology

Oper Dent

(1986)

W.W. Barkmeier et al.

Shear bond strength to dentin and NiCrBe alloy with the All-Bond universal adhesive system

J Esthet Dent

(1991)

R.L. Bowen et al.

Hardening shrinkage and hygroscopic expansion of composite resins

J Dent Res

(1982)

J.O. Burgess et al.

Shear bond strength of five dental bonding agents

J Dent Res

(1993)

C.L. Davidson et al.

Relaxation of polymerization contraction stresses by flow in dental composites

J Dent Res

(1984)

C.L. Davidson et al.

An investigation into the quality of dentine bonding systems for accomplishing a durable bond

J Oral Rehabil

(1993)

C.L. Davidson et al.

The competition between the composite-dentin bond strength and the polymerization contraction stress

J Dent Res

(1984)

J.D. Eick et al.

Polymerization shrinkage of posterior composite and its possible influence on postoperative sensitivity

Quint Int

(1986)

Cited by (130)

Tooth-composite bond failure with a universal and an etch-and-rinse adhesive depending on mode and frequency of application
2024, Dental Materials
To evaluate the effect of an additional layer of universal adhesive on the interfacial enamel/dentin-composite gap formation in relation to application mode and aging, via spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
In vitro class V cavities in 114 caries-free premolars were restored by applying one or two layers of a universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal, SBU) in self-etch (se) and etch-and-rinse (er) mode or the reference adhesive OptiBond FL (OFL-er). The restorations were imaged by SD-OCT (six groups, n = 8) and SEM (n = 3) directly after filling (t1), water storage (t2, 24 h), embedding (t3), and thermo-mechanical loading (t4, TCML). The interfacial gaps were quantified using 26 parameters and analyzed using principal component analysis and linear mixed effect models.
Gap formation at enamel and dentin was significantly influenced by the adhesive, the application mode and number of layers (p < 0.001). This was due to the influence of the SBU-er mode (p < 1e-05), which showed significantly more gap formation and a greater range of variation with double application when compared to SBU-se and OFL. The fewest interfacial gaps occurred with one or two applications of OFL-er and one layer of SBU-er.
Adhesive application mode and the number of adhesive layers are relevant factors in the tooth-composite bond failure. Double application worsened the adaptation of SBU to freshly prepared dentin conditioned with phosphoric acid.
Influence of bonding surface and bonding methods on the fracture resistance and survival rate of full-coverage occlusal veneers made from lithium disilicate ceramic after cyclic loading
2019, Dental Materials
The purpose of this laboratory study was to evaluate the influence of bonding method and type of dental bonding surface on fracture resistance and survival rate of resin bonded occlusal veneers made from lithium disilicate ceramic after cyclic loading.
Fourty-eight extracted molars were divided into three groups (N = 16) depending on the preparation: within enamel, within dentin/enamel or within enamel/composite resin filling. Lithium disilicate occlussal veneers were fabricated with a fissure-cusp thickness of 0.3–0.6 mm. Restorations were etched (5% HF), silanated and adhesively luted using a dual-curing luting composite resin. Test groups were divided into two subgroups, one using a only a self-etching primer, the other additionally etching the enamel with phosphoric acid. After water storage (37 °C; 21 d) and thermocycling (7500 cycles; 5–55 °C), specimens were subjected to dynamic loading in a chewing simulator (600,000 cycles; 10 kg/2 Hz). Surviving specimens were loaded until fracture using a universal testing machine.
All specimens survived artificial aging, several specimens showed some damage. ANOVA revealed that enamel etching provided statistically significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher fracture resistance than self-etching when bonding to enamel and dentin. Self-etching provided statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) higher fracture resistance for the enamel-composite group than for the enamel group. Enamel etching provided statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) higher fracture resistance for the enamel and dentin group than for groups enamel and enamel-composite.
Etching enamel improved the fracture resistance of occlusal veneers when bonding to dentin and enamel and increased the survival rate when bonding to enamel.
Tertiary amine and tooth mineral hydroxyapatite facilely trigger self-cure of 10-MDP based adhesives
2019, International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives
The present work aims to investigate if a novel self-cure system, mediated by tertiary amine ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)-benzoate (4E) and tooth mineral hydroxyapatite (HAp), would trigger polymerization of model adhesives based on a popular self-etch monomer, 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP). The effect of 4E and HAp contents on degree of conversion (DC), polymerization rate (Rp), and induction period (IP) was investigated. The occurrence of such self-cure phenomenon in adhesives that underwent prior inadequate light cure was also evaluated. Model self-etch adhesives were prepared by using a monomer mixture of 10-MDP with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate at1:1 wt ratio. 4E (0.3–1.3 wt%), and HAp (0.5–2 wt%) were added to the mixture. Benzoylperoxide and N,N-dihydroxyethyl-p-toluidine were used as conventional chemical-cure system, and trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide as light-curing photoinitiator. The polymerization processes and mechanical properties of model adhesives were evaluated by real time ATR/FT-IR and nanoindentation, respectively. The 4E-HAp system successfully triggered self-cure of 10-MDP based model adhesives. DC, Rp and IP were apparently affected by both 4E and HAp contents. DC of self-cure of the model adhesives was much higher than that of the conventional chemical-cure system. 4E-HAp initiated self-cure further boosted DC to ∼100% regardless of prior light exposure, and significantly improved elastic modulus and hardness, thus provided a novel polymerization method to effectively salvage curing of the adhesives after inadequate light-cure.
Fundamental concepts of enamel and dentin adhesion
2018, Sturdevant’s Art and Science of Operative Dentistry
Influence of restoration thickness and dental bonding surface on the fracture resistance of full-coverage occlusal veneers made from lithium disilicate ceramic
2015, Dental Materials
Citation Excerpt :
The type of bonding surface and the type of surface conditioning affects the bond strength of the ceramic to the tooth structure. Restorations bonded to teeth using the total etch technique achieved a bond strength of up to 28 MPa [15] within the enamel and 13 to 20 MPa within the dentin (depending on the adhesive system used) [16,17]. An improved bond strength to dentin can be reached when an immediate sealing of the dentin after the preparation is done [18].
The purpose of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the influence of ceramic thickness and type of dental bonding surface on the fracture resistance of non-retentive full-coverage adhesively retained occlusal veneers made from lithium disilicate ceramic.
Seventy-two extracted molars were divided into three test groups (N = 24) depending on the location of the occlusal veneer preparation: solely within enamel, within enamel and dentin or within enamel and an occlusal composite resin filling. For each test group, occlusal all-ceramic restorations were fabricated from lithium disilicate ceramic blocks (IPS e.max CAD) in three subgroups with different thicknesses ranging from 0.3 to 0.7 mm in the fissures and from 0.6 to 1.0 mm at the cusps. The veneers were etched (5% HF), silanated and adhesively luted using a self etching primer and a composite luting resin (Multilink Primer A/B and Multilink Automix). After water storage at 37 °C for 3 days and thermal cycling for 7500 cycles at 5–55 °C, specimens were subjected to dynamic loading in a chewing simulator with 600,000 loading cycles at 10 kg combined with thermal cycling. Unfractured specimens were loaded until fracture using a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon tests with Bonferroni–Holm correction for multiple testing.
Only specimens in the group with the thickest dimension (0.7 mm in fissure, 1.0 mm at cusp) survived cyclic loading without any damage. Survival rates in the remaining subgroups ranged from 50 to 100% for surviving with some damage and from 12.5 to 75% for surviving without any damage. Medians of final fracture resistance ranged from 610 to 3390 N. In groups with smaller ceramic thickness, luting to dentin or composite provided statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) higher fracture resistance than luting to enamel only. The thickness of the occlual ceramic veneers had a statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) influence on fracture resistance.
The results suggest to use a thickness of 0.7–1 mm for non-retentive full-coverage adhesively retained occlusal lithium disilicate ceramic restorations.
Effect of alternative modes of application on microleakage of one-step self-etch adhesives
2013, Journal of Dental Sciences
Citation Excerpt :
OptiBond All-In-One contains nanofillers; previous reports20,21 found that the collagen fibril network filters out most nanofillers, holding them at the hybrid layer surface where they act as an intermediate shock absorber. Reduced microleakage scores have been reported for filled adhesives.16,22,23 These differences in chemical composition may have helped create a thicker, more homogeneous resin layer above the hybrid layer using OptiBond All-In-One, which may have improved resistance to microleakage.
Contemporary one-step self-etch adhesives are certainly the most user-friendly adhesives; however, typically could not compete with the more traditional multi-step adhesives. This in vitro study evaluated the efficacy of two modes of application (double application or placement of a hydrophobic resin coating) for the reduction of microleakage, using three different one-step self-etch adhesives (AdheSE One VivaPen, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein; Xeno V, Dentsply De Trey, Konstanz, Germany; OptiBond All-In-One, Kerr Italia S.r.l, Scafati, Italy).
We prepared Class V cavities with the occlusal margin in enamel and gingival margin in dentin on both buccal and lingual surfaces of 108 human molar teeth. Cavities were divided into nine groups according to the combination of adhesives and application modes used (n = 24). For applying adhesives, we followed three types of procedures: (1) according to the manufacturers’ directions; (2) using a double-application method; and (3) with the additional placement of a hydrophobic resin layer after following the manufacturers’ directions. We restored the cavities with a composite resin. After thermocycling (500 cycles at 5°C/55°C) and immersion in 0.5% basic fuchsin, we sectioned the teeth and evaluated them for microleakage using a stereo microscope (20×). Enamel and dentin margins were scored separately, and we analyzed the data using Kruskal–Wallis, Bonferroni-corrected Mann–Whitney U, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.
Application of a hydrophobic resin over the cured Xeno V adhesive decreased the amount of microleakage at the enamel margins, compared with the application according to the manufacturer’s instructions (P = 0.005). Both application modes decreased the amount of microleakage at the dentin margins with AdheSE One VivaPen adhesive, compared with application according to the manufacturer’s instructions (P < 0.001). With the OptiBond All-In-One adhesive, no significant difference between application modes was observed.
Alternative modes of application did not adversely affect the sealing ability of one-step self-etch adhesives. Depending on the type of adhesive, alternative modes of application may contribute to low microleakage values.

View all citing articles on Scopus

View full text

Bond strength and microleakage of current dentin adhesives

Abstract

J Prosthet Dent

Dent Mater

J Prosthet Dent

Dent Mater

Dent Mater

Dent Mater

Dent Mater

J Prosthet Dent

Dent Mater

Shear bond strength, microleakage and SEM study of the XR Bond adhesive system

Am J Dent

Effects of 15 vs. 60 second enamel acid conditioning on adhesion and morphology

Oper Dent

Shear bond strength to dentin and NiCrBe alloy with the All-Bond universal adhesive system

J Esthet Dent

Hardening shrinkage and hygroscopic expansion of composite resins

J Dent Res

Shear bond strength of five dental bonding agents

J Dent Res

Relaxation of polymerization contraction stresses by flow in dental composites

J Dent Res

An investigation into the quality of dentine bonding systems for accomplishing a durable bond

J Oral Rehabil

The competition between the composite-dentin bond strength and the polymerization contraction stress

J Dent Res

Polymerization shrinkage of posterior composite and its possible influence on postoperative sensitivity

Quint Int