Changes in humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and in skin and respiratory surfaces of catfish, Saccobranchus fossilis, following copper exposure

doi:10.1016/0147-6513(91)90080-9

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

Volume 22, Issue 3, December 1991, Pages 291-308

https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-6513(91)90080-9 Get rights and content

Abstract

Immunologic responses and stereoscan analysis of the skin and gill surfaces were performed in the air-breathing catfish, Saccobranchus fossilis (Bloch) following sublethal exposure to copper. At 0.056, 0.1, and 0.32 mg/liter of Cu, a dose-dependent decrease in red and white blood cell counts, hemoglobin content, and packed cell volume values were observed at the end of experiment, i.e., 28 days. Fish exposed to Cu concentrations had lower antibody titer values, reduced numbers of splenic and kidney plaque-forming cells, and higher counts of splenic lymphocytes when compared to the control group. Cellular immune responses were evaluated by the rejection of eye allografts. Fish exposed to 0.32 mg/liter for 28 days showed 2–3 days delay in the eye-allograft rejection. Reduced phagocytic activity against sheep red blood cells was observed in Cu-treated fish. Exposure to 0.32 mg/liter of Cu for 7 days causes surface architectural abnormalities in the arrangement of microvilli on the surface of superficial epidermal cells of the skin. Hypersecretion of mucous, loss of shape, size, and structural arrangement of epidermal cells, and mucous goblet cells were observed following Cu exposure. An increased number of active tubular dilated mucous cells were also noticed. Accumulation of mucous suggests a molecular interaction between mucous glycoproteins and toxic Cu ions. Fish exposed to 0.32 mg/liter for 7 days showed edema, fusion of secondary gill lamellae at many places, and degeneration of epithelial cells. Marked ultrastructural alterations in the arrangement of microridges and intervening grooves of gill lamellae were noted. It is suggested that these degenerative changes in gill lamellae are responsible for respiratory and osmoregulatory dysfunction.

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Changes in humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and in skin and respiratory surfaces of catfish, Saccobranchus fossilis, following copper exposure

Abstract

Aquat. Toxicol.

Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.

Int. J. Immunopharmacol.

Life Sci.

Aquat. Toxicol.

Environ. Pollut. Ser. A

Mar. Environ. Res.

Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol.

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and WasteWater

Histological and electron microscopical observations on copper poisoning in the winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus)

J. Fish. Res. Board Can.

Antibody response in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). II. Studies on the kinetics of development of antibody-producing cells and on complement and natural hemolysin

J. Immunol.

Changes in the blood of the brown bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus) (Lesueur) following short- and long-term exposure to copper(II)

Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.

The effects of antibiotics and x-irradiation on the survival of scale homografts in Fundulus heteroclitus

Transplantation

The immune response in fish: A review

J. Fish Biol.

Mucous Cell Response of the Guppy to Heavy Metals and Water Quality

Histopathologic changes in surficial tissues of the brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchell), exposed to acute and chronic levels of pH

Can. J. Zool.

The goldfish immune response. I. Characterization of the humoral response to particulate antigens

Immunology

Scanning electron microscopy of intra-ovarian embryos of the viviparous teleost, Micrometerus minimum (Gibbons), (Perciformes: Embiotocidae)

J. Fish Biol.

Defense mechanisms in fish. I. A study of the phagocytic system and the fate of intraperitoneally injected particulate material in the plaice (Pleuronectes platessa)

J. Fish Biol.

Acute toxicology to an estuarine teleost of mixtures of cadmium, copper and zinc salts

J. Fish Biol.

The fish gill: Site of action and model for toxic effects of environmental pollutants

Environ. Health Perspect.

Sublethal copper stress and susceptibility of channel catfish to experimental infections with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

Histological and hematological responses of an estuarine teleost to cadmium

J. Fish. Res. Board Can.

Increased susceptibility of rainbow trout to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus after exposure to copper

Appl. Environ. Microbiol.

Comparative studies of homotransplantation in fishes

J. Cell. Comp. Physiol.

Ultrastructure of the secondary gill lamellae of the icefish, Chaenocephalus aceratus

J. Zool.

Scanning electron microscopy of the respiratory surfaces of Saccobranchus (= Heteropneustes) fossilis (Bloch)

Cell Tissue Res.

Surface folds in superficial epidermal cells of three species of teleost fish

J. Fish Biol.

Genetic homogeneity of a small isolated population viviparous fish as revealed by tissue transplantation

Am. Zool.