The demand for episodes of treatment in the health insurance experiment☆
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2020, China Economic ReviewCitation Excerpt :The main outcome variables pertain to individuals' health care utilization. Following the extant literature on the determinants of health care utilization in China using the CHARLS survey (Gong, Kendig, & He, 2016; Li & Zhang, 2013; Mu, 2014; Wu & Li, 2014; Zhang et al., 2017) and those in the US based on the RAND experiment (Keeler & Rolph, 1988; Manning, Newhouse, Duan, Keeler, & Leibowitz, 1987), we measure inpatient and outpatient care utilization by actual use: whether the individual received any inpatient care last year or whether the individual had any outpatient visit last month, respectively. To test underlying mechanisms, we also examine whether the care was received in higher-level facilities (e.g., general hospitals, specialized hospitals, and Chinese medicine hospitals) or lower-level facilities (e.g., township hospitals, Village Clinics, or Healthcare Posts) and how the city-level reimbursement rate changes after integration.
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This work was financed by a Grant no. 016B90 from the Department of Health and Human Services. We are indebted to Shan Cretin, Willard Manning, Joseph Newhouse, and two anonymous referees for helpful comments, and to Joan Buchanan, Janet Hanley, Joan Keesey, and David Reboussin for data processing and analysis.