Maternal smoking and tooth formation in the foetus. I. Tooth crown size in the deciduous dentition

doi:10.1016/0378-3782(92)90086-V

Early Human Development

Volume 30, Issue 1, August 1992, Pages 49-59

https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3782(92)90086-V Get rights and content

Abstract

Altogether 2159 pregnancies among black and white Americans in the Collaborative Perinatal Study and dental casts from the children at the age of 5–12 years were studied to find out the effect of maternal smoking on deciduous tooth crown growth. Minor crown size reduction (2–3%) in some dimensions was found in children whose mothers had smoked during pregnancy. The possible change in dimensions seems to be influenced by sex, face and smoking habit. The critical time periods of the gestational development (16th to 19th) weeks would possibly appear from these data to be targeted by the detrimental effect of maternal smoking. It is concluded that deciduous tooth sizes seem to be greatly unaffected when compared to reduction in birthweight.

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Cited by (18)

The morphology and mineralization of dental hard tissue in the offspring of passive smoking rats
2011, Archives of Oral Biology
Citation Excerpt :
Heikkinen et al. collected the data on primary tooth crown dimensions of 5–12 years-old children and found 2–3% reductions mesio-distally and labio-lingually in the teeth of offspring of smoking mothers. In addition reduced crown dimensions were found also in permanent first molars and incisors, which were “thin” in labio-lingual crown dimension.10–12 Other epidemiological surveys have reached similar conclusions.13,14
To study the effects of maternal passive smoking on the morphology and mineralization of dental hard tissue in offspring rats.
We have established a maternal passive smoking model. Offspring rats were sacrificed on the 20th day of gestation (E20) or the 3rd (D3) or 10th day (D10) after birth. We observed hard tissue morphology using Haematoxylin–Eosin (H&E) staining sections, used micro computer tomography (Micro-CT) to measure hard tissue thickness and volume on the mandibular first molars of the offspring rats, and used Micro-CT and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy with scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) to determine the hard tissue mineral density and the ratio of calcium atom number/calcium atom + phosphorus atom number (Ca²⁺/P³⁻ + Ca²⁺).
Overall, the development of dental hard tissue was delayed in the offspring of passive smoking rats. The thickness and volume of hard tissue were lower in the offspring of the maternal passive smoking group than in the offspring of the control group. Mineral density of the hard tissue and the ratio of (Ca²⁺/P³⁻ + Ca²⁺) were also reduced in the offspring of the maternal passive smoking group.
Maternal passive smoking inhibits the morphological development and mineralization level of hard tissue on the mandibular first molars of offspring rats.
Maternal smoking and tooth formation in the foetus. III. Thin mandibular incisors and delayed motor development at 1 year of age
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Dental casts from 2159 black and white Americans with detailed neurological data available from the Collaborative Perinatal Study were examined to investigate the relationship of maternal smoking during pregnancy and delayed motor development at 1 year of age to morphological traits in the dentition. Earlier results have indicated that maternal smoking during pregnancy may cause selected tooth size metric reductions in the deciduous dentition and at least in some of the permanent teeth with prenatal crown formation, these features being influenced by sex and race differences. The present results suggest that a thinning of the incisal parts of the permanent mandibular incisors is associated with heavy maternal smoking during pregnancy, and those white girls, in whom this dental variant is found, have probably experienced more severe central damage during the smoking sensitive gestational months, as is also seen in a delayed motor development at the age of 1 year.
Maternal smoking and tooth formation in the foetus. II. Tooth crown size in the permanent dentition
1994, Early Human Development
Altogether 2159 pregnancies among black and white Americans in the Collaborative Perinatal Study and dental casts from their children at the age of 6–12 years were studied to determine the effect of maternal smoking on permanent tooth crown dimensions. A trend of reduction, similar to that observed in the deciduous second molars [11], was found in the permanent first molars and also in the mesio-distal dimension of permanent incisors in relation to sex and face of the children and smoking habits of the mother. In terms of peak in their mitotic growth, the results can be interpreted to indicate a sensitive period of intra uterine development from the 24th to 28th gestational weeks. Comparisons of postnatal body size and differential correlation patterns in affected tooth dimensions with early postnatal body and head size between smokers and non-smokers, suggests that maternal smoking during pregnancy may have an effect on basic growth of the head and body and/or the developmental process that impacts tooth development at some specific sensitive period also during the postnatal formation of these tooth crowns.
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2023, American Journal of Biological Anthropology
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2023, Odontodes: The Developmental and Evolutionary Building Blocks of Dentitions
Crown dimensions of primary teeth—A systematic review and meta-analysis
2022, Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Maternal smoking and tooth formation in the foetus. I. Tooth crown size in the deciduous dentition

Abstract

Arch. Oral Biol.

J. Am. Dent. Assoc.

Lancet

J. Am. Dent. Assoc.

J. Am. Dent. Assoc.

Arch. Oral Biol.

Smoking during pregnancy: A review of effects on growth and development of offspring

Hum. Biol.

The influence of sex-chromosome genes on tooth size in man

Heritabilities of human tooth dimensions

Hereditas

Maternal and gestational influences on deciduous and permanent tooth size

J. Dent. Res.

The effect of prenatal factors on crown dimensions

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.