Composition and in vitro corrosion of orthodontic appliances

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The high incidence of nickel allergy and the increasing use of nickel-containing dental biomaterials has been of growing concern. The purpose of this investigation was to analyze different types of alloys used in orthodontics, and to study whether nickel and chromium will be released from these alloys when stored in physiologic saline. Face-bows, brackets, molar bands, and arch wires were analyzed. Most of the different parts in the face-bows, brackets, and molar bands were similar to conventional 18/8 stainless steel. Except the wires, most appliances included a variable mount of silver solder, the greatest in face-bows. After 14 days in 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl), the largest amount of nickel and chromium were leached out from the face-bows and the least amount from the arch wires. Soldered stainless steel face-bows seemed to be very susceptible to corrosion. The release of nickel seemed to be related to both the composition and the method of manufacture of the appliances, but the release was not proportional to the nickel content.

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  • Cited by (121)

    • Nickel release from stainless steel and nickel titanium archwires - An in vitro study

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      Citation Excerpt :

      The quantity of nickel released in this study was observed to be less as compared to previous studies. Studies published in 1983–1993 report significantly higher nickel values, probably due to differences in the technique and methods used at the time.2,3,14,16,18,19 On the other hand, similar to this study Gürsoy et al.21,22 found a low concentration of Ni (20 μg/l), which can be due to spectrometer used (ICP-AES) with a relatively high limit of detection or materials used.

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    a

    Visiting Scientist, NIOM, Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials and Department of Orthodontics, University of Oslo.

    b

    Associate Professor, Department of Dental Materials, Dental Faculty, University of Bergen.

    c

    Senior Scientist, NIOM, Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials.

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