Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Simvastatin induces osteoblastic differentiation and inhibits adipocytic differentiation in mouse bone marrow stromal cells
Section snippets
Materials and methods
Cell cultures. Culture medium was DMEM, supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin, 10 mM β-glycerophosphate sodium, and 50 μg/mL ascorbate acid sodium (Sigma). Female BALB-C mice (8 weeks) were killed by cervical dislocation, metaphyses of femurs and tibias were cut aseptically, diaphysis cavities were repeatedly flushed with culture medium, and bone marrow cells were collected and plated. Culture medium was replaced every 2–3 days, red blood cells
Effect of simvastatin on osteoblastogenesis of BMSCs
After BMSCs were treated with simvastatin for 72 h, expression level of mRNA for OCN (Fig. 1A) and protein for OCN and OPN increased in a concentration-dependent manner (Fig. 2). BMSCs exhibited increased ALP activity in response to simvastatin; ALP activity increased 2–3-fold above basal levels (Fig. 3). Taken together, results showed that treatment of BMSCs with simvastatin induces osteoblastogenesis of BMSCs.
Effect of simvastatin on adipogenesis of BMSCs
Results showed that treatment of simvastatin inhibits adipocytic differentiation of
Discussion
Studies have demonstrated that BMSCs can differentiate into multiple cell types, including osteoblasts, myoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes [19], [20]. Adipocytic and osteogenic cells are reciprocal cell types that are dominant in marrow. It is thought that changes in the ratios of these cells are involved in bone volume decreases associated with osteoporosis, such as that seen in cases of ovariectomy [1], immobilization [2], treatment with glucocorticoids [3], and age-related osteopenia [4]
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Professor L.W. Fisher for generous gift of primary antibody. We also thank Dr. Ming Gong and Dr. Shuyan Li for their technical assistance on molecular biology.
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