NeurosciencePharmacological profile of apigenin, a flavonoid isolated from Matricaria chamomilla
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Extraction and HPLC analysis
Twenty grams of dried flower head powder of M. chamomilla L. (Grosserbe) was suspended in 200 mL of methanol for 24 hr. The suspension, after filtration, was evaporated under vac- uum. The residue was analysed by reverse-phase HPLC separation. The residue was reconstituted with 80% water/0.1% trifluoroacetic acid and 20% acetonitrile and chromatographed at 0.8 mL/min on a LiChrospher 100 RP-18 column (240 × 4.0 mm; 5 μM; Merck) equilibrated with 80% water/0.1% trifluoroacetic acid and 20%
Isolation of apigenin and binding experiments
HPLC analysis of the methanol extract of M. chamomilla revealed the presence of several compounds able to bind central benzodiazepine receptors which are still under identification procedure. One of the compounds was identified by HPLC–ESI–MS/MS analysis as apigenin, as determined by comparing the spectra shown in Fig. 1 with those of synthetic apigenin. The inhibition curve of apigenin reported in Fig. 2 showed the ability of apigenin to inhibit [3H]Ro 15-1788 specific binding to rat
Discussion
In traditional medicine, the dried flower heads of M. chamomilla are widely used to obtain sedative, spasmolytic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, a depressive activity of a lyophilised infusion of flowers of M. chamomilla on the central nervous system was demonstrated in mice by Della Loggia et al. [20]. Many studies have been performed with the aim of clarifying which component is responsible for the sedative effect. Viola et al. [10] demonstrated that M. chamomilla contains
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