Cirugía Española

Cirugía Española

Volume 80, Issue 2, August 2006, Pages 90-95
Cirugía Española

Originales
Factores asociados a morbimortalidad tras el bypass gástrico. Alternativas para disminuir riesgos: gastroplastia tubularFactors associated with morbidity and mortality after gastric bypass. Alternatives for risk reduction: sleeve gastrectomy

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-739X(06)70929-0Get rights and content

Resumen

Introducción

El objetivo fue estudio ha sido evaluar factores relacionados con la morbimortalidad tras el bypass gástrico y considerar alternativas de menor riesgo en pacientes seleccionados.

Pacientes y métodos

Se incluye una cohorte prospective de 761 pacientes a los que se realizó bypass gástrico. Se realiza un estudio de factores pronósticos mediante el modelo de regresión logística con SPSS 11.0. Las variables independientes fueron edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal (IMC), comorbilidades, abordaje laparoscópico; las variables dependientes fueron complicaciones médicas, complicaciones quirúrgicas y mortalidad. Es un estudio preliminar descriptivo de morbilidad y resultados ponderales a 3 meses con gastroplastia tubular.

Resultados

En el postoperatorio el 2,8% de los pacientes presentó complicaciones médicas y el 5,4%, complicaciones quirúrgicas. La mortalidad fue del 0,52%. Las variables que han presentado relación estadísticamente significativa con las complicaciones quirúrgicas fueron la edad > 45 años (p = 0,04; odds ratio [OR] = 2,00; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 1,03-3,8) y el sexo masculino (p = 0,041; OR = 2,40; IC del 95%, 1,12-5,14). Las variables presentaron relación estadísticamente significativa con las con las complicaciones médicas fueron: IMC > 50 kg/m2 (p = 0,012; OR = 3,32; IC del 95%, 1,23-8,98); con la mortalidad: IMC > 50 kg/m2 (p = 0,006), el sexo masculino (p = 0,006). Se ha realizado gastroplastia tubular en pacientes con IMC > 60 kg/m2 (8 casos); IMC > 50 kg/m2 con afección cardiopulmonar y morfología androide (3 casos); IMC entre 35 y 40 kg/m2 y comorbilidad mayor (4 casos); con la morbilidad: síndrome febril autolimitado. No hubo mortalidad. En superobesos el descenso del 39,8 ± 5,36% del exceso de IMC en 3 meses (n = 4); en obesos mórbidos un descenso del 50,2 ± 11,05% del exceso del IMC en 3 meses (n = 4).

Conclusiones

La morbimortalidad postoperatoria fue significativamente mayor en los varones, mayors de 45 años y con IMC > 50 kg/m2. La gastroplastia tubular en pacientes seleccionados podría ser una alternativa de menor riesgo.

Introduction

The aim of this study was to analyze factors related to morbidity and mortality after gastric bypass and to evaluate lower-risk alternatives in selected patients.

Patients and methods

A prospective cohort of 761 patients who underwent gastric bypass was included. Prognostic factors were studied using a logistic regression model with SPSS 11.0. Independent variables were age, sex, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and the laparoscopic approach. Dependent variables consisted of medical complications, surgical complications, and mortality. We performed a preliminary descriptive study of morbidity and weight loss at 3 months after sleeve gastrectomy.

Results

In the postoperative period, 2.8% of patients presented medical complications and 5.4% pre-sented surgical complications. Mortality was 0.52%. Surgical complications were significantly associated with age > 45 years (P = .04; OR = 2.00 [1.03-3.8]) and male sex (P = .041; OR = 2.40 [1.12-5.14]). Medical complications were significantly associated with a BMI of > 50 kg/m2 (P = .012; OR = 3.32 [1.23-8.98]), and mortality was significantly associated with a BMI of > 50 kg/m2 (P=.006) and male sex (P = .006).

Sleeve gastrectomy was performed in eight patients with a BMI of > 60 kg/m2, in three patients with a BMI of > 50 kg/m2, cardiopulmonary disease and android fat distribution, and in four patients with a BMI of between 35 and 40 kg/m2 and major comorbidity. Morbidity consisted of self-limited febrile syndrome in one patient. There was no mortality.Weight loss at 3 months was 39.8 ± 5.36% of excess BMI in superobese patients (n = 4) and was 50.2 ± 11.05% of excess BMI in morbidly obese patients (n = 4).

Conclusions

Postoperative morbidity and mortality was significantly higher in male patients, in patients aged more than 45 years, and in those with a BMI of > 50 kg/m2. Sleeve gastrectomy in selected patients could be a lower-risk alternative.

Bibliografía (27)

  • M. Bloomston et al.

    Outcome following bariatric surgery in super versus morbidly obese patients: does weight matter?

    Obes Surg

    (1997)
  • S.J. Olshansky et al.

    A potential decline in life expectancy in the United States in the 21st century

    N Engl J Med

    (2005)
  • S.H. Preston

    Deadweight? The influence of obesity on longevity

    N Engl J Med

    (2005)
  • Cited by (0)

    View full text