Elsevier

Contraception

Volume 55, Issue 2, February 1997, Pages 91-96
Contraception

Original research article
A hierarchical model of contraceptive use in urban and rural Bangladesh

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-7824(96)00278-8Get rights and content

Abstract

In this paper, a model is developed for examining the hierarchical effects of contraceptive use and its determinants in urban-rural Bangladesh by employing data from the 1989 Bangladesh Fertility Survey (BFS). In the survey, a total of 11,905 ever-married women of reproductive age were interviewed in urban and rural situations. An investigation has been carried out in this study using a set of demographic, socio-economic, cultural, and decision-making variables. A number of new findings emerge from this study. It has been found that contraceptive use has no significant variation between regions; however, a statistically significant variation exists between the blocks (census tracts) of Bangladesh. Findings also indicate that mother's parity, her education, family planning decisions, and female independence score are found to have a significant positive effect on the use of contraception in urban and rural Bangladesh, whereas child death has a significant negative influence. Religion and work experience of women are found to have little effect on contraceptive use. The findings of the study indicate priority points for policy purposes.

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      Moreover, other studies on contraceptive use conducted in other settings that have used multilevel models have found significant effects either at lower levels (clustered by household) or at the middle level (clustered by district). For instance, a study done in Bangladesh [31] with three levels of analysis found significant variation in contraceptive use at the lower level only (block). Another study [32] found effects at both the higher level (Division) and the lower level.

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