Cytidine-5′-diphosphocholine (citicoline) improves retinal and cortical responses in patients with glaucoma1
Section snippets
Materials and methods
Forty volunteer patients with open-angle glaucoma took part in the study. In all patients enrolled, when the diagnosis of glaucoma was made, the IOP was greater than 21 mmHg without any topical treatment (range, 23–27 mmHg; mean, 25.10 ± 1.55 mmHg). Each patient received topical treatment with beta-blockers only, and an IOP less than 21 mmHg was observed (mean, 17.5 ± 1.3 mmHg). Filtration surgery had never been performed in any of the patients participating in this study. Other inclusion
Results
Examples of simultaneous recordings of VEP and PERG before and after the medical treatment with citicoline or placebo are displayed in Figure 1. The mean data and the statistical analysis are shown in Table 1 and Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6.
At baseline, similar values for VEP and PERG parameters (P > 0.05) in GC and GP patients were observed (Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6 “basal”).
Discussion
The present study was designed to evaluate the retinal and visual cortical responses in patients with glaucoma treated with citicoline using simultaneous recordings of VEPs and PERGs.
We observed an improvement of cortical responses (VEP) in our glaucoma patients after treatment with citicoline, together with an improvement of retinal responses (PERG) and an improvement of the index of neural conduction in the postretinal visual pathways (RCT).
Although our results clearly show the effects of
Acknowledgements
We thank Dr. Vittorio Porciatti for helpful discussion and critical reading of the manuscript. The authors also thank Nuovo Consorzio Sanitario Nazionale, Rome, Italy, for kindly providing Neuroton and placebo.
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2019, Progress in Retinal and Eye ResearchCitation Excerpt :Inter-observer variability and time of IOP measurements should be properly accounted for as spontaneous IOP fluctuations and other systematic errors could potentially mask the IOP-independent neurotherapeutic effects and render the data inconclusive or underpowered (Quigley, 2012, 2019). In terms of dosage, citicoline does not pose major side effects up to 1600 mg/day (Grieb et al., 2016; Grieb and Rejdak, 2002; Parisi et al., 1999, 2008a, 2018; Rejdak et al., 2003; Virno et al., 2000). However, its short- and long-term dose-dependency remains to be systematically evaluated such as using futility trials (Levin, 2015; Schwid and Cutter, 2006; Tilley et al., 2006).
The effect of citicoline oral solution on quality of life in patients with glaucoma: the results of an international, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over trial
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The authors have no proprietary interest in the development or marketing of this or a competing drug.