Benzoyl peroxide: Percutaneous penetration and metabolic disposition
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2021, Clinical Pharmacology During PregnancyAn update on formulation strategies of benzoyl peroxide in efficient acne therapy with special focus on minimizing undesired effects
2020, International Journal of PharmaceuticsCitation Excerpt :This side effect is inextricably linked to its chemical structure and its antibacterial mechanism of action: the formation of reactive oxygen species (Cove and Holland, 1983). After penetration into the stratum corneum, benzoyl peroxide is rapidly degraded to benzoic acid (Seubert et al., 1984) so that no side effects occur in deeper skin layers (Nacht et al., 1981). Symptomatic local irritations are itching, redness and (rarely) swelling as well as increased peeling and dryness of the skin.
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2014, Journal of the American Academy of DermatologyCitation Excerpt :It is highly bound to plasma protein (>99%) and maternal plasma concentrations are low, so placental transfer is unlikely. Healthy infants were delivered in several cases of inadvertent exposure.41,100,101 Isotretinoin is absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy because of increased first-trimester pregnancy loss and increased birth defects, such as cleft palate, hydrocephalus, cardiac outflow tract defects, microtia, and external ear canal stenosis.102