RevisiónEl Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física. Un instrumento adecuado en el seguimiento de la actividad física poblacionalInternational Physical Activity Questionnaire. An adequate instrument in population physical activity monitoring
Resumen
Objetivo
Describir el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ), de manera que se justifique su aplicación en estudios de actividad física.
Materiales y métodos
A partir de la revisión de los estudios más relevantes que han aplicado el IPAQ, se realiza una descripción de las características y propiedades psicométricas, para sus diferentes formas de aplicación.
Resultados
Existen varias versiones del instrumento de acuerdo al número de preguntas, el período de evaluación y el método de aplicación; para ser usados en adultos entre 18 y 65 años. La versión corta proporciona información sobre el tiempo empleado al caminar, en actividades de intensidad moderada y vigorosa y en actividades sedentarias. La versión larga registra información en actividades de mantenimiento del hogar y jardinería, actividades ocupacionales, transporte, tiempo libre y también actividades sedentarias. En cuanto a las propiedades psicométricas, para el IPAQ largo, se ha demostrado una fiabilidad alrededor de 0,8 (r = 0,81; IC 95 %: 0,79-0,82) y para la versión corta, de 0,65 (r = 0,76; IC 95 %: 0,73-0,77). Los coeficientes de validez observados entre las formas IPAQ, sugieren que ambas versiones, larga y corta, tienen una concordancia razonable (r = 0,67; IC 95 %: 0,64-0,70).
Conclusiones
La versión corta del IPAQ puede ser usada en estudios de prevalencia de actividad física regional y nacional, donde se requiere mantener la vigilancia y monitorización poblacional. La versión larga se reserva para estudios que demanden información detallada de las diferentes dimensiones de la actividad física.
Abstract
Objective
describing the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, in order to justify its application in physical activity programs.
Material and methods
reviewing notable studies that have used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, a description will make about the feature and psychometric properties of it, to understand its ways of application.
Results
There are different instruments to be applied, depending on the number of questions to make, the time of evaluation, and method of application. They can be applied in people from 18 to 65 years old. The short version gives information about the time spending in walking, in strong, soft, and even sedentary activities. The long version gives information about house keeping and gardening activities, and even in transport, free time, and sedentary activities. On the other hand, the psychometric properties, for the long version, have been shown a reliability of about 0.8 (r = 0.81; CI 95 % = 0.79-0.82) and of 0.65 (r = 0.76; CI 95% = 0.73-0.77) for the short one. The observed validity coefficients suggest that both IPAQ versions have a moderate confiability (r = 0.67; CI 95% = 0.64-0.70).
Conclusions
The short IPAQ version can be applied in regional and national studies of physical activity where surveillance and monitoring of people are required. The long one is better on studies that required specific information on the physical activity dimentions.
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Cited by (121)
Association between preoperative physical exercise and quality of life in cardiac surgery
2023, Cirugia CardiovascularLa relación entre el ejercicio físico previo a la intervención y la calidad de vida, el riesgo de complicaciones o muerte no ha sido estudiado.
Estudio de cohortes prospectivo. Se analizó la mejoría en la calidad de vida entre antes de la operación y a 6 meses mediante las escalas EUROQOL y EVA. El nivel de ejercicio físico se analizó mediante MET. Se evaluó la mejoría en la calidad de vida en función del nivel de ejercicio previo, se estudió si a mayor nivel de ejercicio, mayor aumento en la calidad de vida y se analizó la relación entre el ejercicio y las complicaciones postoperatorias o muerte.
La cirugía cardiaca mejora la calidad de vida según ambas escalas; EVA 17,8 ± 18,8 puntos (p < 0,001) y EUROQOL 1,1 ± 1,1 puntos (p < 0,001). El mayor nivel de ejercicio previo no llevó a una mayor mejoría en la calidad de vida, pero sí se asoció a menor riesgo de shock cardiogénico (p = 0,032), postoperatorio complicado (p = 0,034) y el evento combinado postoperatorio combinado o muerte (p = 0,027).
La cirugía cardiaca mejora la calidad de vida a los 6 meses El mayor nivel de ejercicio no se asocia a una mayor mejoría en la calidad de vida. Un mayor nivel de ejercicio físico está asociado a un menor riesgo de postoperatorio complicado o muerte.
The relationship between pre-intervention physical exercise and quality of life, risk of complications or death has not been studied.
Prospective cohort study. Improvement in quality of life between preoperatively and at 6 months was analyzed using the EUROQOL scale and VAS. The level of physical exercise was analyzed by METS. The improvement in quality of life was evaluated according to the previous level of exercise and we studied whether the higher the level of exercise, the greater the increase in quality of life.
Quality of life improved according both scales; VAS 17.8 ± 18.8 points (p < 0.001) and EUROQOL 1.1 ± 1.1 points (p < 0.001). Patients improved their quality of life. The higher level of previous exercise did not lead to a greater improvement in quality of life, but it did reduce the event of cardiogenic shock (p = 0.032), complicated postoperative (p = 0.034) and the combined event combined postoperative or death (p = 0.027).
Cardiac surgery improves quality of life at six months for all patients. A higher level of exercise is not related with a greater improvement in quality of life. A higher level of physical exercise is associated with less risk of postoperative complications or death.
Dosage of Physical Activity to Avoid Impairment of Activities Due to Pain: Analysis of Population-based Conditional Processes
2023, Pain Management NursingPhysical activity's established health benefits include pain control, yet there is no consensus on the required dosage according to the literature.
To test the influence of exercise on perceived health in patients whose daily activities are limited due to pain. Besides, analyze the possible moderating effect of age and find a formula for exercise dosage based on the perceived level of health.
Cross-sectional study based on the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey with 4,123 participants reporting activity limitations in their daily activities due to pain. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (short version) was used to calculate energy expenditure. Data included age, sex, leisure-time physical activity, sitting time, pain-related impairments, pain medication, and perceived health. Mediation regression analysis was conducted using the SPSS PROCESS 4.0 macro.
Results indicate a decline in perceived health with age. The relationship between exercise (energy expenditure) and perceived health was highly significant (d=-0.224, p<0.001). Age moderated the association between pain and energy expenditure up to 75.61 years (0.1568, p=0.05) and between energy expenditure and perceived health up to 75.74 years (-0.289, p=0.05), but this effect diminished afterwards. A formula was developed to estimate energy expenditure based on the desired level of health.
The perception of health in people who are limited in their daily activities due to pain (moderate to very much) is mediated by the amount of physical activity they perform. Besides, this perception is moderated by age, up to 76 years.
Impact and Influence of Urinary Incontinence on Physical Activity Levels
2023, European Urology Open ScienceThe benefits of physical activity are numerous on both physical and mental levels. Urinary incontinence (UI) can influence physical activity level; among US women, nearly two out of three view this problem as a barrier to physical activity, meaning that they do not exercise, exercise less, or even have to change their activity routines to accommodate this pelvic floor dysfunction.
To determine whether UI influences the pattern of physical activity and whether a greater impact of urinary symptoms could influence the level of physical activity.
An observational study was carried out with women in 2021 and 2022 in Spain.
The main dependent variable was level physical activity, as measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6) scale was used to determine the presence of UI and its impact. Sociodemographic, health status, lifestyle and obstetric data were obtained. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using binary logistic regression, obtaining adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
A total of 1446 women participated, of whom 55.8% (807) had UI and 25.7% (371) reported low physical activity. Mixed incontinence (aOR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.09–2.15) overall and a greater intensity of urinary symptoms (UDI-6 score; aOR: 1.014; 95% CI: 1.01–1.02) in the group of women with incontinence were statistically associated with a higher frequency of low physical activity. Other variables related to low physical activity were age, body mass index, pelvic pain, and income level (p < 0.001).
Mixed-type UI is associated with low-level physical activity or inactivity in the whole group of women, while among women with UI, the greater impact of the symptoms increases the probability of low physical activity or inactivity.
In this report, it is analyzed how urinary incontinence affects physical activity. It was found that women who suffer from mixed-type urinary incontinence have a low level of physical activity or inactivity, while those who experience a greater impact of urinary incontinence symptoms have an increased likelihood of having low physical activity or inactivity.
Prevalence and clinical-epidemiologic characteristics of a Mexican population with metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease: An open population study
2023, Revista de Gastroenterologia de MexicoLos factores de riesgo para la enfermedad por hígado graso son frecuentes entre la población mexicana y los estudios disponibles al parecer subestiman su prevalencia. Nuestros objetivos fueron: conocer la prevalencia de enfermedad por hígado graso asociada a disfunción metabólica (MAFLD) en población abierta y determinar las características clínicas y sociodemográficas, el estado nutricional y el grado de actividad física, así como la prevalencia del síndrome metabólico entre la población afectada.
Se hizo una convocatoria abierta al público en general; a quienes aceptaron participar les aplicamos un cuestionario para determinar sus características sociodemográficas y estado de salud; otro para evaluar la calidad de su alimentación y uno más para evaluar su grado de actividad física. Les realizamos somatometría, exámenes de laboratorio, ultrasonido hepático y el índice FIB-4; quienes mostraron datos indicativos de fibrosis hepática fueron convocados a una elastografía de transición (Fibroscan®). El análisis estadístico se realizó con el paquete SPSS® para Windows®, versión 22.
Se estudiaron 585 voluntarios; la prevalencia de MAFLD en ellos fue del 41.3%, con predominio en hombres mayores de 50 años, con mala alimentación y sedentarismo; el sexo masculino, la obesidad, el SMet y la elevación de ALT son factores de riesgo para la enfermedad; el 40% de los afectados tenían fibrosis avanzada.
La prevalencia de MAFLD en nuestra población es de las más altas del mundo; los factores condicionantes de la enfermedad son susceptibles de modificación, por lo que se requieren políticas públicas que reorienten la tendencia actual.
The risk factors for fatty liver disease are frequent in the Mexican population and the available studies appear to underestimate its prevalence. Our aims were to know the prevalence of metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in an open population and determine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional status, physical activity level, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome, in the affected population.
Volunteers from the general public were invited to take part in the study. Three separate questionnaires were applied to determine the sociodemographic characteristics and health status of the participants, evaluate the quality of their diet, and to evaluate their level of physical activity. The participants underwent somatometry, laboratory tests, liver ultrasound, and FIB-4 index determination, and transition elastography (Fibroscan®) was carried out on all subjects with signs suggestive of liver fibrosis that agreed to undergo the procedure. The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS® for Windows®, version 22, software.
A total of 585 volunteers were studied, resulting in a prevalence of MAFLD of 41.3%, a predominance of men above 50 years of age, poor dietary habits, and sedentary lifestyle. Male sex, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and elevated ALT were risk factors for the disease and 40% of those affected had advanced fibrosis.
The prevalence of MAFLD in our population is one of the highest in the world. The conditioning factors of the disease can be modified. Therefore, public policies that redirect the current trend are required.
Physical Activity and Engagement Coping: A Key for Stress-Recovery in Mexican University Students
2024, Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology