Materials
Spring-back deformation in tube bending

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1674-4799(09)60030-3Get rights and content

Abstract

The spring-back of a bending metal tube was studied through extensive experiments and finite element method (FEM) analysis. An approximate equation for the spring-back angle of bending was deduced. It is noted that the mechanical properties of the material (in a tubular form) are quite different from those found in the standard tensile tests (when the materials are in bar forms). This is one of the major reasons that result in the discrepancies in the outcomes of experimental study, FEM calculations, and spring-back analysis. It is therefore of crucial importance to study the mechanical properties of the materials in their tubular forms. The experiments and FEM simulations prove that the spring-back angle is significantly affected by the mechanical properties of the materials. The angle decreases accordingly with plastic modulus, but changes inversely with the hardening index and elastic modulus. The spring-back angle is also affected by the conditions of tube deformation: it increases accordingly with the relative bending radius but changes inversely with the relative wall thickness. In addition, the spring-back angle increases nonlinearly with the bending angle.

References (16)

There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

Cited by (48)

  • Shape from apparent contours for bent pipes with constant diameter under perspective projection

    2021, Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation
  • An analytical springback model for bending of welded tube considering the weld characteristics

    2019, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences
    Citation Excerpt :

    Considering this issue, Zhan et al. [11] proposed a method combining FE simulation with analytical model to derive the springback angle formula, by substituting the distributions of the stress and strain obtained from FE simulation into the linear unloading theory. E et al. [12] used the triangle similarity relation of the tangential deformation to deduce a springback formula. Zhan et al. [13] derived the springback model of Ti-alloy tube based on the static equilibrium condition and the compatibility of deformation, finding that the prediction accuracy of the model was higher than that of models based on other springback theories.

  • Accurate radius measurement of multi-bend tubes based on stereo vision

    2018, Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation
View all citing articles on Scopus
View full text