American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
Original articleFactors affecting the clinical success of screw implants used as orthodontic anchorage
Section snippets
Material and methods
The sample consisted of 87 consecutive patients (35 male, 52 female; mean age, 15.5 years; SD, 8.3 years) who received miniscrew or microscrew implants as orthodontic anchorage. The patients were informed of the advantages and disadvantages of this procedure. After collecting informed consent from the patients, the implants were placed.
Four types of screw implants (total, 227) were used in this study: 19 type A microscrews (Stryker Leibinger Inc, Kalamazoo, Mich) (diameter, 1.2 mm; length, 5
Results
The overall success rate was 91.6% for all screw implants (208 of 227 screws) with a mean period of force application of 15 months. When the screw implants failed, new ones were placed into a neighboring area. Eleven of 19 screws that failed were replaced and were successful to the end of treatment.
The success rates for the types of screw implants were 84.2 % for type A, 93.6% for type B, 89.1% for type C, and 80% for type D. There were no significant differences in the success rates between
Discussion
Screw implants can fail for various reasons, as was found with dental implants.10 The causes of dental implant failure include host factors (osteoporosis and uncontrolled diabetes, smoking, and parafunctional habits), surgical factors of improper surgical technique, and management factors. Among these factors, smoking and other host factors were not evaluated in this study because the sample comprised children and young adults. The effects of these factors on failure of screw implants, however,
Conclusions
The overall success rate was 91.6%, with a mean period of force application of 15 months. Therefore, screw implants can be used for orthodontic anchorage predictably and consistently in routine orthodontic practice. Mobility, the patient’s right side, mandibular implant sites, and inflammation were associated with screw implant failure in this study. To minimize failure, clinicians should attempt to reduce inflammation around the screw implants, especially for screws placed on the right side in
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