The Effect of Tranexamic Acid on Transfusion Rate in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
After IRB approval, 1595 primary total hip arthroplasties in 1494 patients performed by four fellowship trained surgeons between January 2009 and March 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. It was determined whether TXA was utilized and if so, was it given as an intravenous infusion or topically. Each patient’s chart was reviewed to determine if a blood transfusion was necessary. Table 1 displays the demographic information of the male patients in each group while Table 2 shows the demographic
Results
The average patient age in our cohort was 63.6 ± 12.2 years with a 95% CI of 62.92–64.64 years. Significant differences (P = 0.001) existed between the genders with males (60.55 ± 12.64 years) being approximately 5.45 years younger than the females (66.00 ± 11.35 years).
Among the 1595 total hip arthroplasties performed in 1494 patients over 4 years (January 2009–March 2013), there were 208 transfusions in 1047 total hips when no TXA was used, which is a transfusion rate of 19.86% (208/1047). Infusion of TXA
Discussion
There is a growing body of evidence that TXA, when used either as infusion or irrigation, has a substantial impact on blood loss and the need for post-operative transfusion following primary total hip arthroplasty. To our knowledge, this report presently is one of the largest series from a single institution.
Since the introduction of TXA into our comprehensive blood management protocol for total hip arthroplasty, we have noticed a substantial drop in the frequency of transfusions. Our goal in
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The Conflict of Interest statement associated with this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2013.05.026.