Traditional knowledge to clinical trials: A review on therapeutic actions of Emblica officinalis

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.065

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

Volume 93, September 2017, Pages 1292-1302

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.065 Get rights and content

Abstract

Plants are the integral part of the traditional indigenous healthcare system and are becoming concrete source of new drug discovery, evident by the increasing numbers of modern drugs derived from the phytochemicals. Emblica officinalis Gaertn. or Phyllanthus emblica Linn (family Phyllanthaceae) has been explained extensively and well documented for its therapeutic efficacies in indigenous system of medicine, in India. Every part of this plant possesses high medicinal value but fruits are the most valuable part in folklore and therapeutic uses. The polyphenols found in E.officinalis, especially tannins and flavonoids are key responsible elements for major bioactivities. E.officinalis is one of the major component in various health tonics, also exerts synergistic effects in enhancing the medicinal efficacy. E.officinalis exhibits broad spectrum of pharmacological activities through various mode of actions including antioxidant, anticancer, immunomodulator, anti-inflammatory, cyto-protective properties etc. Medical practitioners across the globe also advocated its application in managing diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, several types of cancer, liver disorders, arthritis, gingivitis, wound healing etc.

The present review analysed and summarized the pharmacological actions, experimental studies and clinical trials of E. officinalis with emphasis on its immuno-enhancer, antiinflammatory and anticancer activities and possible mechanism of actions to provide future directions in translating these findings clinically.

Introduction

Medicinal uses of herbals are well recognized in the Indian subcontinent and their global demand is continuously increasing [1]. It is estimated that more than half of the percentage of modern drugs have been originated from different forms of natural resources [2]. World Health Organization (WHO) has emphasized on the use of traditional medicines and reported that major part of the population from developing countries depends on the herbal remedies for their healthcare needs [3]. The significant advantages of therapeutic uses of medicinal plants is due to their safety besides being economical and effective [4]. Many medicinal or dietary plants and their constituents are capable of retarding various pathological stages of diseases [5].

Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (Syn. Phyllanthus emblica Linn.) is an important medicinal plant in Ayurveda and Unani systems of medicine and one of the key constituents used in various herbal formulations including patented drugs [6]. In Indian subcontinent it is also known as Amla in Hindi, Amalaki in Sanskrit and Indian Gooseberry in English. The fruit of amla has high medicinal value and commonly used as a tonic to restore the energy and strength. The fruit has been extensively studied for its phytoconstituents, biological activities, therapeutic potential and shown to possess diverse spectrum of activities viz. antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepato-protective, radio-modulatory, immuno-modulatory etc. [7], [8], [9]. The goal of this review is to provide critical insights on traditional uses, preclinical studies and clinical trials of E.officinalis.

Section snippets

Phytochemical constituents of Emblica officinalis

During recent years, a number of scientific literature reported various phyto-constituents of the E. officinalis. The fruit of amla consists of many bioactive compounds including ellagic acid, chebulinic acid, apigenin, gallic acid, quercetin, chebulagic acid, isostrictiniin, corilagin, methyl gallate, luteolin etc [10]. Emblicanin A, emblicanin B, phyllaemblicin B, punigluconin and pedunculagin are the tannins which are also present in the fruit extract of E. officinalis [11]. It has been

Medicinal uses of Emblica officinalis: traditional knowledge and ayurveda

Since last four decades number of scientific studies were conducted to validate the traditional and ethno-medical uses of amla. In these studies, amla has been proved to be an effective medicinal remedy to treat and prevent wide range of disorders. Due to various beneficial medicinal actions, amla is one plant of interest for botanists, biotechnologists and phytochemists. Researchers around the globe are working to explore newer medicinal activities and validate the claimed ethanomedicinal

Pharmacological properties of Emblica officinalis: experimental studies

The whole plant of E. officinalis has high medicinal value, however fruits possess most of the pharmacological properties. The most common and important pharmacological action of E. officinalis is its immunomodulatory and immunity enhancing effects. Various medicinal properties of E. officinalis like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory etc. directly or indirectly affects the immune system. In this review we have summarized pharmacological properties of amla on the basis of four

Therapeutic properties of Emblica officinalis: clinical studies and trials

Embilica officinalis is one of the potent herbal medicine and several clinical trials have been conducted by researchers to scientifically validate its significant therapeutic actions. In Table 4 we have summarized the important clinical trials reported in various disease areas on the basis of literature searches in Pubmed, Chochrane database and Clinical Trial Registry- India (CTRI). Clinical trials have been conducted in various disease areas using formulation containing only amla or amla as

Conclusion

Researchers across the globe are now accepting the potential of traditionally used non-toxic plants for discovery and development of modern drugs. Various traditional medicinal plants are being studied thoroughly and new efficacious products either as a whole extract or their derivatives are being continuously added in the commercial basket and reaching global customers. E. officinalis has shown broad spectrum actions and pharmacological effects against various critical ailments. Since many

Fundings

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Acknowledgement

Authors are grateful to Prof Anil Gupta, Executive Vice Chairperson, National Innovation Foundation India for his honorary guidance and encouragement.

References (97)

Y.J. Surh
Anti-tumor promoting potential of selected spice ingredients with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities: a short review
Food Chem. Toxicol.
(2002)
B.C. Variya et al.
Emblica officinalis (Amla): a review for its phytochemistry, ethnomedicinal uses and medicinal potentials with respect to molecular mechanisms
Pharmacol. Res.
(2016)
H. Yan et al.
Two new Anti-TMV active chalconoid analogues from the root of Phyllanthus emblica
Nat. Prod. Res.
(2017)
A. Sharma et al.
Modulatory role of Emblica officinalis fruit extract against arsenic induced oxidative stress in swiss albino mice
Chem. Biol. Interact.
(2009)
M. Dinesh et al.
Phyllanthus emblica seed extract mediated synthesis of PdNPs against antibacterial: heamolytic and cytotoxic studies
J. Photochem. Photobiol. B
(2017)
P.S. Ramesh et al.
Plant mediated green synthesis and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles using Emblica officinalis fruit extract
Spectrochim. Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc.
(2015)
K. Ramanujam et al.
Antibacterial effects of biosynthesized MgO nanoparticles using ethanolic fruit extract of Emblica officinalis
J. Photochem. Photobiol. B
(2014)
J.B. Perianayagam et al.
Evaluation of antipyretic and analgesic activity of Emblica officinalis Gaertn
J. Ethnopharmacol.
(2004)
K. Sairam et al.
Antiulcerogenic effect of methanolic extract of Emblica officinalis: an experimental study
J. Ethnopharmacol.
(2002)
K. Suresh et al.
Augmentation of murine natural killer cell and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity activities by Phyllanthus emblica, a new immunomodulator
J. Ethnopharmacol.
(1994)

A.K. Roy et al.

Modification of metal-induced micronuclei formation in mouse bone marrow erythrocytes by Phyllanthus fruit extract and ascorbic acid

Toxicol. Lett.

(1992)

M. Sai Ram et al.

Cyto-protective and immunomodulating properties of Amla (Emblica officinalis) on lymphocytes: an in-vitro study

J. Ethnopharmacol.

(2002)

P.S. Makena et al.

Effects of various plant polyphenols on bladder carcinogen benzidine-induced mutagenicity

Food Chem. Toxicol.

(2007)

J.K. Jose et al.

Antitumour activity of Emblica officinalis

J. Ethnopharmacol.

(2001)

F.S. Rosarin et al.

Antiproliferative effect of silver nanoparticles synthesized using amla on Hep2 cell line

Asian Pac J Trop Med.

(2013)

S. Sultana et al.

Emblica officinalis and hepatocarcinogenesis: a chemopreventive study in Wistar rats

J. Ethnopharmacol.

(2008)

H.H. Ho et al.

Gallic acid inhibits gastric cancer cells metastasis and invasive growth via increased expression of RhoB, downregulation of AKT/small GTPase signals and inhibition of NF-kappaB activity

Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.

(2013)

Z. Zhong et al.

A isolated from the acetic ether part of the leaves of Phyllanthus emblica L. induces apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7404 cells by up-regulation of Bax expression and downregulation of Bcl-2 expression

J. Ethnopharmacol.

(2011)

H.H. Siddiqui

Safety of herbal drugs-an overview

Drugs News Views

(1993)

M. Stuffness et al.

Current status of the NCI plant and animal product program

Nat Prod.

(1982)

WHO

WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy 2002–2005

(2002)

U. Payyappalli

Role of traditional medicine in primary healthcare: an overview of perspectives and challenges

Yokohoma J. Sci.

(2010)

N. Rai et al.

Pharmaco-botanical profile on Emblica officinalis Gaertn–a pharmacopoeial herbal drug

STM J.

(2012)

K.H. Khan

Roles of Emblica officinalis in medicine – a review

Bot. Res. Int.

(2009)

K.P.S. Kumar et al.

Recent trends in potential traditional indian herbs Emblica officinalis and its medicinal importance

J. Pharmacog. Phytochem.

(2012)

M.K. Singh et al.

Protective effect of Emblica-officinalis in arsenic induced biochemical alteration and inflammation in mice

SpringerPlus

(2015)

K.A. Habib-ur-Rehman et al.

Choudary Studies on the chemical constituents of Phyllanthus emblica

Nat. Prod. Res.

(2007)

L.D. Kapoor

Handbook of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants: Herbal Reference Library

(2000)

A. Bhattacharya et al.

Antioxidant activity of active tannoid principles of Emblica officinalis (amla)

Indian J. Exp. Biol.

(1999)

J. Gupta et al.

Studies on the chemical constituents of leaves of Phyllanthus emblica (L)

Orient. J. Chem.

(2014)

S. Balasubramanian et al.

GC–MS analysis of phytocomponents in the methanolic extract of Emblica officinalis Gaertn (Indian Gooseberry)

J. Chem. Pharm. Res.

(2014)

Tsewang J. Tsarong

Tibetan Medicinal Plants

(1994)

L.M. Perry et al.

Medicinal Plants of East and Southeast Asia Attributed Properties and Uses

(1980)

P.V. Sharma

Classical uses of medicinal plants

(1996)

R. Hasan et al.

Phytochemistry: pharmacological activities and traditional uses of Emblica officinalis a review

Int. Curr. Pharm. J.

(2016)

D.P. Jain et al.

Synergistic antioxidant activity of green tea with some herbs

Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res.

(2011)

R. Kamal et al.

Antiradical efficiency of 20 selected medicinal plants

Nat. Prod. Res.

(2011)

S. Ojha et al.

Protective effect of Emblica officinalis (amla) on isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in rats

Toxicol. Ind. Health

(2012)

V.D. Reddy

Protective effect of Emblica officinalis against alcohol-induced hepatic injury by ameliorating oxidative stress in rats

Ind. J. Clin. Biochem.

(2010)

M.M. Shivananjappa et al.

Influence of Emblica officinalis aqueous extract on growth and antioxidant defense system of human hepatoma cell line (HepG2)

Pharm. Biol.

(2012)

R. Chaphalkar et al.

Antioxidants of Phyllanthus emblica L. Bark extract provide hepatoprotection against ethanol-induced hepatic damage: a comparison with silymarin

Oxid. Med. Cell Longev.

(2017)

C.Z. Huang et al.

The hepatoprotective effect of Phyllanthus emblica L fruit on high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in SD rats

Food Funct.

(2017)

N.M. Panchal et al.

Protective effect of alcoholic extract of Amla (Emblica offi cinalis) fruits on cerebral reperfusion injury in rats

J. Young Pharm.

(2009)

R. Haque et al.

Protective effects of Emblica officinalis Gaertn in cyclophosphamide-treated mice

Hum. Exp. Toxicol.

(2001)

M.K. Singh et al.

Arsenic-induced hepatic toxicity and its attenuation by fruit extract of Emblica-officinalis (Amla) in mice

Indian J. Clin. Biochem.

(2014)

J.A. Thenmozhi et al.

Tannoid principles of Emblica officinalis attenuated aluminum chloride induced apoptosis by suppressing oxidative stress and tau pathology via Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway

J. Ethnopharmacol.

(2016)

A. Chatterjee et al.

Biphasic effect of Phyllanthus emblica extract on NSAID-induced ulcer: an antioxidative trail weaved with immunomodulatory effect

Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med.

(2011)

A. Bhattacharya et al.

Antioxidant activity of active tannoid principles of Emblica officinalis (amla)

Indian J. Exp. Biol.

(1999)

Cited by (79)

Functional effects and mechanisms of Phyllanthus emblica fruit and gallic acid on metabolic diseases: Experimental evidence and clinical perspectives
2024, Food Bioscience
Metabolic diseases have become a global health problem. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to finding effective ways to prevent or improve metabolic diseases from functional foods. The fruit of Phyllanthus emblica (FPE) has been consumed worldwide as a reliable food source, often in the form of sauces, beverages, nutraceuticals, or extracts. Gallic acid (GA) is reported to be the main functional compound of FPE. Currently, FPE and GA have been shown to have multiple health benefits. In this review, we offer a comprehensive summary of the use of FPE and its functional compound GA in improving three metabolic diseases, namely type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The evidence suggests that FPE and GA hold significant potential in managing these three metabolic diseases. They can maintain glucose homeostasis by regulating the PI3K/p-Akt pathway and improve insulin resistance by regulating the PPARγ/AMPK/NF-κB pathway. They inhibit adipogenesis by down-regulating the expression of PPARγ, C/EBP α and FABP4 proteins, and increase energy expenditure by up-regulating the expression of UCP1 and CPT-1A proteins. The information can be utilized to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of FPE and GA as strategies for managing metabolic diseases. It should be noted that human clinical trials of FPE and GA for the three metabolic diseases, especially obesity and NAFLD, are still scarce. More large-scale, long-term, well-designed clinical trials are needed to further confirm the functional benefits and safety of FPE and GA in preventing and improving T2DM, obesity, and NAFLD.
Structure-activity relationships of antimicrobial phenolic derivatives from Phyllanthus emblica against Streptomyces scabies
2024, Food Bioscience
Potato common scab is a soil-borne bacterial disease caused by Streptomyces scabies, which is ubiquitous and difficult to control. In this study, the issue of developing antimicrobial agents derived from plant extracts against S. scabies was addressed. Three bioactive phenolic compounds, named gallic acid, 1-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose, and corilagin, were isolated and identified from Phyllanthus emblica pomace through bioassay-guided fractionation. The antibacterial effects of these compounds on S. scabies were evaluated with MIC values of 0.63, 0.31, and 1.25 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, Structure-activity relationship analyses of 17 gallic acid and its structural analogs revealed that the R₆ position of the benzene ring was a key factor to their antibacterial activity against S. scabies, among which pyrogallol had the best antibacterial effect. Scanning electron microscopy showed that when S. scabies was exposed to this gallic acid and its structural analogs, the cell membranes of which was damaged. The results will help promote the development and structural modification of plant-derived bacteriostatic agents.
Exploration of metabolomics of Phyllanthus emblica: From ayurveda food to modern prospectives in quality control
2023, Food Chemistry Advances
Phyllanthus emblica (Euphorbiaceae), commonly known as synergy of food is frequently in dietary teems lime jam, prickle, vegan diet and traditional herbal medicines. The various compounds responsible for the biological activities are ascorbic acid, catechols, polyphenols, and hydrolyzable tannins. The current review article highlighted the role of metabolite profiling, marker-based quality protocols, and pharmacological activities in developing the functional food for health benefit. Considerable preclinical evidences on its anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, potential and human trials on non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease, osteoarthritis and obesity have been reported about P. emblica fruits. The current challenges in the development of P. emblica based function food have critically been reviewed. The variabilities in chemical flux, biological activity at crude extract level, non-standardized formulations and non-availability of validated protocols are some major gaps in spite of large number of research reports appeared in last three decades. Further, in-depth metabolomics and bio-marker based quality assessment are required to develop the pharmacological active of the standardized P. emblica functional food and herbal medicines to unveil the importance of the phytocompound(s) in the observed health benefits.
A randomized, controlled, comparative, proof-of-concept study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Nisha-Amalaki capsules in prediabetic patients for preventing progression to diabetes
2023, Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine
Prediabetes is an intermediate state of hyperglycemia, which acts as a precursor to Diabetes mellitus if left untreated. Nisha (Curcuma longa) and Amalaki (Emblica officinalis) combination has been advocated as drugs of choice to treat the early manifestations of Diabetes mellitus.
This prospective, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, comparative study was planned to assess the efficacy and safety of Nisha-Amalaki capsules in preventing progression to Diabetes mellitus in prediabetic patients when administered for 6 months.
The study was conducted on prediabetic participants randomized to receive either Nisha-Amalaki (500 mg) or placebo one capsule twice a day for six months. The effect of study medications on IDRS (Indian Diabetes Risk Score), BMI (Body Mass Index), blood sugar, serum insulin, HOMA-IR (Homeostasis Model Assessment-Estimated Insulin Resistance), HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin), oxidative markers, Ayurvedic symptoms and Quality of Life (QoL) scores was assessed at regular intervals.
58 of the 62 participants enrolled completed the study. Significant fall in IDRS score [p < 0.001], BMI [p < 0.001], fasting, and 2 h post-OGTT sugar, insulin, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and oxidative stress markers [p < 0.001] was observed in patients receiving Nisha-Amalaki at 6 months. Ayurvedic symptoms and QoL scores also improved at 6 months in the treatment group.
Treatment with Nisha-Amalaki capsules improved all study parameters including insulin sensitivity at 6 months as compared to placebo in prediabetic patients. Thus Nisha-Amalaki should be considered as prophylactic therapy in prediabetics to delay progression to diabetes.
Emblica officinalis: A promising herb confining versatile applications
2023, South African Journal of Botany
Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (EO) (syn. Phyllanthus emblica L.), of Phyllanthacea family, holds great significance in traditional medicine systems with well-documented therapeutic potentials demonstarated by numerous experimental and clinical studies. Along with the therapeutic activities, EO finds applications in nanontechnology, green chemistry, and cosmeceuticals as well. The versatile applications of EO have been attributed to the major constitutents including polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Depsite numerous reported therapeutic applications of EO, the information on the exact mechanisms of the therapeutic action, clinical trials, dosage form, and toxicological studies is limited and scattered. The present review encompasses integrative information on phytochemicals and versatile applications of EO pertaining to the traditional use and therapeutic potentials explored via experimental and clinical studies along with toxicological studies and applications in nanotechnology and cosmeceuticals for gap analysis and provide researchers collective information for the future research studies.
Management of allergic rhinitis with Rajanyadi Churna and Guduchi Kwatha- A case report
2023, Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine
Allergic Rhinitis is an immunological inflammatory response of the nasal mucosa to airborne allergens. Although Allergic Rhinitis is not a life-threatening disease, the symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis can be particularly bothersome and disruptive to a patient's sleep and overall quality of life. The coexistence of other allergic conditions like Asthma is very common. No satisfactory treatment is available in modern medicine for this disease. There is a need to search for satisfactory treatment available in another medical system. We present a case of Allergic Rhinitis that was successfully treated with Ayurvedic medicines. Allergic Rhinitis is characterized by watery nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, nasal mucosal pallor, sneezing, and itching in the eyes, palate, and pharynx.
A 18-year-old female patient presented with complaints of sneezing (80–100/day), rhinorrhea (watery discharge from nose), heaviness in the head region, weakness, and loss of concentration hampering daily life activity for one year.
The patient's clinical findings and symptoms were suggestive of Allergic Rhinitis, which is of perennial type. According to Ayurveda diagnosis was done as Vata-Kaphaj Pratishyay. Rajanyadi Churna was given to the patient for 15 days along with Guduchi Kwath (∼Guduchi decoction) followed by Shaman Snehapan (∼internal oleation) with Mahatiktak Ghrita.
The patient experienced a reduction in all the symptoms after 15 days. Allergy markers i.e. Absolute Eosinophil Count reduced to 360 cells/cu mm from 704 cells/cu mm and eosinophils in CBC reduced to 4.1%. The primary complaint of sneezing was significantly reduced to 3–4 times/day after completing the treatment.
Ayurvedic therapeutic interventions other than Nasya (∼Nasal oleation), and Dhoompana (∼medicated smoke) modalities showed encouraging results in managing Allergic Rhinitis in a short duration of time. This approach may be taken into consideration for further treatment and research work for Allergic Rhinitis.

View all citing articles on Scopus

View full text

ReviewTraditional knowledge to clinical trials: A review on therapeutic actions of Emblica officinalis

Abstract

Introduction

Section snippets

Phytochemical constituents of Emblica officinalis

Medicinal uses of Emblica officinalis: traditional knowledge and ayurveda

Pharmacological properties of Emblica officinalis: experimental studies

Therapeutic properties of Emblica officinalis: clinical studies and trials

Conclusion

Fundings

Acknowledgement

Food Chem. Toxicol.

Pharmacol. Res.

Nat. Prod. Res.

Chem. Biol. Interact.

J. Photochem. Photobiol. B

Spectrochim. Acta Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc.

J. Photochem. Photobiol. B

J. Ethnopharmacol.

J. Ethnopharmacol.

J. Ethnopharmacol.

Toxicol. Lett.

J. Ethnopharmacol.

Food Chem. Toxicol.

J. Ethnopharmacol.

Asian Pac J Trop Med.

J. Ethnopharmacol.

Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.

J. Ethnopharmacol.

Safety of herbal drugs-an overview

Drugs News Views

Current status of the NCI plant and animal product program

Nat Prod.

WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy 2002–2005

Role of traditional medicine in primary healthcare: an overview of perspectives and challenges

Yokohoma J. Sci.

Pharmaco-botanical profile on Emblica officinalis Gaertn–a pharmacopoeial herbal drug

STM J.

Roles of Emblica officinalis in medicine – a review

Bot. Res. Int.

Recent trends in potential traditional indian herbs Emblica officinalis and its medicinal importance

J. Pharmacog. Phytochem.

Protective effect of Emblica-officinalis in arsenic induced biochemical alteration and inflammation in mice

SpringerPlus

Choudary Studies on the chemical constituents of Phyllanthus emblica

Nat. Prod. Res.

Handbook of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants: Herbal Reference Library

Antioxidant activity of active tannoid principles of Emblica officinalis (amla)

Indian J. Exp. Biol.

Studies on the chemical constituents of leaves of Phyllanthus emblica (L)

Orient. J. Chem.

GC–MS analysis of phytocomponents in the methanolic extract of Emblica officinalis Gaertn (Indian Gooseberry)

J. Chem. Pharm. Res.

Tibetan Medicinal Plants

Medicinal Plants of East and Southeast Asia Attributed Properties and Uses

Classical uses of medicinal plants

Phytochemistry: pharmacological activities and traditional uses of Emblica officinalis a review

Int. Curr. Pharm. J.

Synergistic antioxidant activity of green tea with some herbs

Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res.

Antiradical efficiency of 20 selected medicinal plants

Nat. Prod. Res.

Protective effect of Emblica officinalis (amla) on isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in rats

Toxicol. Ind. Health

Protective effect of Emblica officinalis against alcohol-induced hepatic injury by ameliorating oxidative stress in rats

Ind. J. Clin. Biochem.

Influence of Emblica officinalis aqueous extract on growth and antioxidant defense system of human hepatoma cell line (HepG2)

Pharm. Biol.

Antioxidants of Phyllanthus emblica L. Bark extract provide hepatoprotection against ethanol-induced hepatic damage: a comparison with silymarin

Oxid. Med. Cell Longev.

The hepatoprotective effect of Phyllanthus emblica L fruit on high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in SD rats

Food Funct.

Protective effect of alcoholic extract of Amla (Emblica offi cinalis) fruits on cerebral reperfusion injury in rats

J. Young Pharm.

Protective effects of Emblica officinalis Gaertn in cyclophosphamide-treated mice

Hum. Exp. Toxicol.

Arsenic-induced hepatic toxicity and its attenuation by fruit extract of Emblica-officinalis (Amla) in mice

Indian J. Clin. Biochem.

Tannoid principles of Emblica officinalis attenuated aluminum chloride induced apoptosis by suppressing oxidative stress and tau pathology via Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway

J. Ethnopharmacol.

Review
Traditional knowledge to clinical trials: A review on therapeutic actions of Emblica officinalis