Archival ReportShared and Distinct Intrinsic Functional Network Centrality in Autism and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Section snippets
Participants
We examined data from 158 children (7.1–13.9 years of age); 7 were excluded for excessive movement. Of the remaining 151 children, 56 children with ASD were group-matched for age, sex, and handedness with 45 children diagnosed with ADHD and 50 TDC, selected from ongoing studies (Table 1). Clinicians’ DSM-IV-Text Revision (TR) diagnoses of autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder, or pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (n = 39, n = 15, and n = 2, respectively) were supported
Results
Consistent with the literature 30, 31, 32, 36, 75, across all children, centrality Z-scores were highest in heteromodal cortical regions including insula, medial prefrontal cortex, medial occipital cortex, and precuneus for both DC and EC (Figure S2 in Supplement 1).
Analysis of covariance identified six distinct clusters in which a significant effect of group was noted for DC; no significant effects of group were observed for EC. While EC and DC differed in their sensitivity to group
Discussion
In a substantial sample of children with ASD and ADHD and TDC, we examined whole-brain intrinsic functional architecture by surveying voxelwise network centrality indices, thus bypassing a priori selection of circuits of interest. Degree centrality differentiated children with ADHD or with ASD from TDC in key cortical and subcortical regions, supporting models of ADHD and ASD as disorders of large-scale systems connectivity 12, 15, 77. Along with disorder-specific abnormalities, analyses
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