Investigation into accuracy and reproducibility of a 3D breast imaging system using multiple stereo cameras
Section snippets
Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to assess the validity of a 3D breast imaging system based on multiple stereophotogrammetry. The accuracy and the reproducibility of the system in recording breast volume were evaluated.
3D breast capture system using multiple stereophotogrammetry
The process of capturing a numeric representation of the breast in 3D and then extracting the required breast surface area and volume information comprises the following steps:
- (1)
Acquisition of four stereo-pairs of images covering the required field of view of both breasts;
- (2)
Processing each of the four stereo-pairs of images depicting the breasts to generate four corresponding 3D surface models;
- (3)
Integration of the four individual surface models into a single continuous 3D model of both breasts; and
- (4)
Plaster models, systematic differences
The overall mean difference of the plaster volume measurements between stereophotogrammetry and water displacement was 11.12 cc. When assessing the systematic differences, nearly all data points lay close to the line of equality (Figure 3(a)). In all cases, the discrepancy between the volume that was measured by water displacement and by 3D imaging did not exceed the total of 40 cc (Table 1). The average relative difference was 5%. The difference between both methods was not statistically
Discussion
Significant numbers of women require breast reconstruction following mastectomy as breast cancer presents with increasing incidence in the Western world. Surgeons are striving to restore breast volume and shape and to achieve maximum symmetry in comparison to the unaffected side. An objective outcome measure following breast reconstruction is desirable. With newly developed multiple stereo camera systems, the objective evaluation of breast volume, shape and symmetry, surgical planning and
Conclusion
The 3D imaging system using multiple stereo cameras could be used reliably for comparative clinical analysis of breast size where absolute volume measurements are not required.
Acknowledgement
I would like to thank Mr. George Payne, M.I.M.P.T, chief maxillofacial technologist at the North Glasgow University Hospital Division as well as the six live model volunteers for their contribution to the study.
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