ReviewEpidemiology of burns in Iran during the last decade (2000–2010): review of literature and methodological considerations
Introduction
Injuries are an increasingly recognised public health problem, substantially affecting nearly every population and every geographical zone in the world. Burns have always been considered as one of the most destructive injuries, causing not only deaths but also major economic and psychological impacts and long-term somatic sequelae as well [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. Burns are an important cause of injury to young children, being the third most frequent cause of injury resulting in death behind motor vehicle accidents and drowning. Burns injuries account for the greatest length of stay of all hospital admissions for injuries [6]. According to the World Health Organization, 238,000 individuals died of fire-related burns in 2000, and 95% of these deaths occurred in low and middle-income countries [7]. The approach to burn prevention, to be effective in a particular area, should be based on sound knowledge of etiological patterns of burns injuries and must take into account the geographical variations and socioeconomic differences in burn epidemiology [8], [9]. Some preventive measures have been shown to be quite effective in reducing burns. Nevertheless, most of the evidence comes from high-income countries. This is while the patterns and risks of burns can be quite different in low and middle income countries (LMICs), and few of these interventions are readily transferable to LMICs [10]. During the last decade, many articles have been published about burns in Iran. Some of these are published in international journals and some in national or regional journals. However, a rounded view of burn epidemiology in Iran is not provided in the literature. The aim of this article was to map out some epidemiological aspects of burns in Iran through a systematic review of available information in this regard. In addition, the study aimed to improve understanding of readers regarding methodological issues in articles published about epidemiology of burns in Iran, and generally discuss some major methodological concerns in published Iranian articles.
Section snippets
Methods
The information reviewed and presented here comes from two major sources: the first and the largest source of evidence in this study is from a wide literature review made on articles published regarding burns injuries in Iran.
Considering the possible transition of the epidemiological features of burns, articles published earlier than the year 2000 were not included. This helps to provide information most useful for prevention purposes and if some epidemiological patterns have changed in recent
Magnitude of the problem
In the first national Iranian study on burden of diseases and injuries in 2003, burns came in 13th position among all diseases and injuries [11]. According to the preliminary analysis of data belonging to the INHIRD, burns accounted for over 163,000 (41%) of about 400,000 injury cases.
Based on the information from the Tehran Forensic Medicine Council, which represents mortality data automatically collected from 100 hospitals throughout the Iranian capital, burns accounted for 18% of all mortal
Discussion
Based on the available information regarding the incidence and mortality of burns, this should be considered as a major health problem in Iran. Minor and moderate burns are supposed to share majority of burns but their epidemiology is not well defined. Early adulthood is the most common age in burns injuries in Iran. Scalds versus flame burns are more common at lower ages, especially among the children. However, electrical, chemical and suicidal burns occur at higher age. Comparing Iranian
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