Original article
Circulating vitamin D correlates with serum antimüllerian hormone levels in late-reproductive-aged women: Women's Interagency HIV Study

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.03.029Get rights and content

Objective

To study the correlation between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OH-D) levels and serum antimüllerian hormone (AMH) in women enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

None.

Patient(s)

All premenopausal women (n = 388) with regular menstrual cycles were included and subdivided into three groups: group 1 with age <35 years (n = 128), group 2 with age 35–39 years (n = 119), and group 3 with age ≥40 years (n = 141).

Intervention(s)

Serum for 25OH-D, AMH, fasting glucose and insulin, and creatinine levels.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Correlation between 25OH-D and AMH before and after adjusting for HIV status, body mass index, race, smoking, illicit drug use, glucose and insulin levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and geographic site of participation.

Result(s)

After adjusting for all covariates, the regression slope in all participants for total 25OH-D predicting log10AMH for 25-year-olds (youngest participant) was −0.001 (SE = 0.008); and for 45-year-olds (oldest participant) the corresponding slope was +0.011 (SE = 0.005). Fasting insulin level was negatively correlated with serum AMH. The regression slope for the correlation between 25OH-D and AMH in group 1 was +0.002 (SE = 0.006); in group 2 was +0.006 (SE = 0.005); and in group 3 was +0.011 (SE = 0.005). There was no association between HIV and AMH.

Conclusion(s)

A novel relationship is reported between circulating 25OH-D and AMH in women aged ≥40 years, suggesting that 25OH-D deficiency might be associated with lower ovarian reserve in late-reproductive-aged women.

Section snippets

Study Population

This study was nested within the WIHS, the largest ongoing multicenter, prospective, cohort study of HIV infection and related health conditions among HIV-infected women and high-risk seronegative women in the United States 17, 18. The WIHS enrolled women in 1994–1995 (n = 2,623) and 2001–2002 (n = 1,143) at six sites in five cities in the United States: New York City (Brooklyn and Bronx/Manhattan), New York; San Francisco, California; Los Angeles, California; Washington DC; and Chicago,

Results

Of the 1,121 available AMH results, 690 were excluded on the basis of our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the 431 remaining samples, 388 had available 25OH-D. The demographics and clinical profiles of participants with both AMH and 25OH-D levels are summarized in Table 1. The youngest participant was 25 years old, and the oldest was 45 years old. Blacks and Hispanics represented the majority of the participants. The majority were also overweight, did not report any recent use of illicit

Discussion

We demonstrated that circulating 25OH-D was positively correlated with serum AMH levels in late-reproductive-aged (age ≥40 years) women independent of HIV serostatus and adjusting for BMI, race/ethnicity, smoking history, current illicit drug use, glucose, insulin, EGFR, and geographic site of participation. As expected and established, age was the strongest predictor of serum AMH. Our results also indicated that fasting insulin level was negatively correlated with serum AMH. The difference in

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    D.B.S. receives royalties related to the use of müllerian-inhibiting substance for predicting ovarian response in women with infertility. O.A. receives funding to her institution from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and from Merck. S.H. receives funding to herself and to her institution from NIH. K.A. receives funding to her institution from NIH. E.T.G. receives funding to her institution from NIH. M.Y. receives funding to her institution from NIH. R.G. receives funding to herself and to her institution from NIH. H.M. receives funding to his institution from NIH. Z.O.M. has nothing to disclose. J.W. has nothing to disclose. R.K. has nothing to disclose.

    Data in this manuscript were collected by the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) Collaborative Study Group with centers (Principal Investigators) at New York City/Bronx Consortium (Kathryn Anastos); Brooklyn, New York (Howard Minkoff); Washington, DC, Metropolitan Consortium (Mary Young); The Connie Wofsy Study Consortium of Northern California (Ruth Greenblatt); Los Angeles County/Southern California Consortium (Alexandra Levine); Chicago Consortium (Mardge Cohen); and the Data Coordinating Center (Stephen Gange). The WIHS is funded by grants (UO1-AI-35004, UO1-AI-31834, UO1-AI-34994, UO1-AI-34989, UO1-AI-34993, and UO1-AI-42590) from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and by a grant (UO1-HD-32632) from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The study is cofunded by the National Cancer Institute, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Funding is also provided by the National Center for Research Resources (University of California, San Francisco–Clinical and Translational Science Institute grant UL1 RR024131). The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

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