Original articleHigh concentration of branched-chain amino acids promotes oxidative stress, inflammation and migration of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells via mTORC1 activation
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Graphical abstract
Representative diagram of proposed mechanisms involved in BCAA signalling applied for PBMCs
Abbreviations
AICAR
5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-D-ribofuranoside
AMPK
AMP-activated protein kinase
AP
alkaline phosphatase
BCAA
branched-chain amino acids
BCKDC
branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex
BSA/PBS
bovine serum albumin/phosphate-buffered saline
CD40L
CD40 ligand
DAPI
4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride
DPI
Diphenyleneiodonium chloride
GAPDH
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
HRP
Horseradish peroxidase
ICAM-1
intercellular adhesion molecule 1
IL-6
Interleukin-6
LPS
lipopolysaccharide
MAPK
Mitogen-activated protein kinase
Mito-TEMPO
2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-[[2-(triphenylphosphonio)acetyl]amino]-1-piperidinyloxy, monochloride, monohydrate
mTORC
mammalian target of rapamycin complex
NFκB
nuclear transcription factor-κB
Nrf2 or NFE2L2
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2
O2•−
Superoxide anion radical
PBMC
peripheral blood mononuclear cells
p-NPP
p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate
ROS
Reactive Oxygen Species
RT-PCR
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
PI3K/Akt
phosphatydilinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate
SDS-PAGE
sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
TMRM
Tetramethyl rhodamine methyl ester
TNFα
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
UCP-2
uncoupling protein 2
ΔΨm
mitochondrial membrane potential
Keywords
BCAA
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
mTORC1
PI3K/Akt
Inflammation
Oxidative stress
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These authors have jointly directed this work.
© 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.