Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis: identification by 16S rRNA and sodA sequence analysis

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2005.04.021

Journal of Infection

Volume 52, Issue 1, January 2006, Pages e3-e6

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2005.04.021 Get rights and content

Summary

Lactococcus garvieae is only rarely isolated from clinical specimens. We report a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by L. garvieae in an elderly patient. Molecular methods based on the 16S rRNA and sodA_int gene sequences confirmed the phenotypic identification of this opportunistic human pathogen.

Section snippets

Case report

An 86-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital in June 2004 because of right hip pain for 3 weeks and recent onset fever. She had undergone aortic valve replacement with a bioprosthesis 6 years previously and cholecystectomy for small bowel obstruction complicated by a hernia 8 years previously. She had been breathlessness during exercise since November 2003 and had a duodenal ulcer. She had been given ceftriaxone (1 g once a day for 7 days) 1 month earlier for putative pneumonia. Upon

Discussion

The Lactococcus genus was recently separated from the Streptococcus genus on the basis of genetic analysis including DNA–DNA relatedness and 16S rRNA sequencing data.³ The Lactococcus genus comprises eight species and subspecies,⁴ all of which are facultative anaerobic, catalase-negative, Gram-positive cocci that primarily produce lactic acid from the fermentation of carbohydrates.⁵ These bacteria are very common in the environment and, until recently, were considered as unusual pathogens in

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Cited by (57)

A curious case of Lactococcus garvieae bacteremia associated with adenocarcinoma
2022, IDCases
Citation Excerpt :
Our literature review points towards some similarities among patient cases infected by L. garvieae. Although many cases had presented as infective endocarditis, abscesses of the liver, spondylitis, peritonitis, diverticulitis, urinary tract infections, or multiorgan dysfunction, most of the cases involved bacteremia [7,8,10–17]. The published data most likely underestimates the prevalence and incidence of disease caused by L. garvieae due to misidentification with Enterococcus species.
Lactococcus garvieae is a pathogen typically acquired from the consumption of raw seafood or unpasteurized dairy products. Here, we present the unique case of a middle-aged gentleman who presented with back pain, originally thought to be muscle spasms due to poor posture and heavy lifting. Initial radiological imaging showed evidence of a lumbar epidural abscess and lung nodule. Upon further work-up, L. garvieae was isolated in blood and abscess cultures. It was later hypothesized that the L. garvieae bacteremia might have an association with adenocarcinoma of the lung.
Lactococcus garviae Prosthetic Mitral Valve Endocarditis: a Case Report and Literature Review
2017, Clinical Microbiology Newsletter
Meningitis caused by Lactococcus garvieae
2017, Medical Journal Armed Forces India
The zoonotic potential of Lactococcus garvieae: An overview on microbiology, epidemiology, virulence factors and relationship with its presence in foods
2016, Research in Veterinary Science
Lactococcus garvieae is a relevant worldwide fish pathogen affecting various farmed and wild marine and freshwater species. It has also been isolated from other animals, such as ruminants with subclinical mastitis and pigs with pneumonia. From the early 90s, L. garvieae has been associated with different human infections, mainly endocarditis. During the last five years, human infections by this bacterium appear to be increasing, likely due to the improvement in microbiological methods for bacterial identification and the alertness of this bacterium by physicians. Human L. garvieae infections have been associated with the consumption or the handling of contaminated raw fish or seafood, and recently, a genetic study showed that meat, raw milk and dairy products may also be food sources of human L. garvieae infections. However, the status of L. garvieae as a potential zoonotic bacterium is still controversial to date. In this work, we describe four new human infections by L. garvieae in elderly and inmunocompromised patients, and we show an overview on L. garvieae microbiology, epidemiology, virulence factors and relationship with its presence in foods.
Complete genome sequence and description of Lactococcus garvieae M14 isolated from Algerian fermented milk
2016, New Microbes and New Infections
We describe using a polyphasic approach that combines proteomic by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) analysis, genomic data and phenotypic characterization the features of Lactococcus garvieae strain M14 newly isolated from the fermented milk (known as raib) of an Algerian cow. The 2 188 835 bp containing genome sequence displays a metabolic capacity to form acid fermentation that is very useful for industrial applications and encodes for two bacteriocins responsible for its eventual bioprotective properties.
Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis in a native valve identified by MALDI-TOF MS and PCR-based 16s rRNA in Spain: A case report
2015, New Microbes and New Infections
Lactococcus garvieae is a Gram-positive, catalase negative coccus arranged in pairs or short chains, well-known as a fish pathogen. We report a case of Infective Endocarditis (IE) by L. garvieae in a native valve from a 68-year-old male with unknown history of contact with raw fish and an extensive history of heart disease. This case highlights the reliability of MALDI-TOF MS compared to conventional methods in the identification of rare microorganisms like this.

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Summary

Section snippets

Case report

Discussion

References (13)

Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and related streptococci to the genus Lactococcus gen. nov

Syst Appl Microbiol

Diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis caused by Streptococcus lactis and assisted by immunoblotting of serum antibodies

J Infect

Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis: report of a case and review of the lature

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis

Lactococcus garvieae septicaemia with liver abscess in an immunosuppressed patient

Am J Med

Demonstration of safety of probiotics—a review

Int J Food Microbiol

Determination of 16S rRNA sequences of enterococci and application to species identification of nonmotile Enterococcus gallinarum isolates

J Clin Microbiol

Cited by (57)

A curious case of Lactococcus garvieae bacteremia associated with adenocarcinoma

Lactococcus garviae Prosthetic Mitral Valve Endocarditis: a Case Report and Literature Review

Meningitis caused by Lactococcus garvieae

The zoonotic potential of Lactococcus garvieae: An overview on microbiology, epidemiology, virulence factors and relationship with its presence in foods

Complete genome sequence and description of Lactococcus garvieae M14 isolated from Algerian fermented milk

Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis in a native valve identified by MALDI-TOF MS and PCR-based 16s rRNA in Spain: A case report

Case ReportLactococcus garvieae endocarditis: identification by 16S rRNA and sodA sequence analysis

Summary

Section snippets

Case report

Discussion

Syst Appl Microbiol

J Infect

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis

Am J Med

Int J Food Microbiol

Determination of 16S rRNA sequences of enterococci and application to species identification of nonmotile Enterococcus gallinarum isolates

J Clin Microbiol

Case Report
Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis: identification by 16S rRNA and sodA sequence analysis