Regenerative EndodonticsTriple Antibiotic Polymer Nanofibers for Intracanal Drug Delivery: Effects on Dual Species Biofilm and Cell Function
Section snippets
Nanofiber Fabrication and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopic Evaluation of Dual-species Bacterial Biofilm Viability
Triple antibiotic (metronidazole, minocycline, and ciprofloxacin; Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO)-containing polymer (polydioxanone [PDS]; Ethicon, Somerville, NJ]) fibers were fabricated via electrospinning (15). Briefly, a 10 wt% PDS polymer solution was prepared in hexafluoro-2-propanol (Sigma-Aldrich). The 3 antibiotics were added to the PDS solution at 30 wt% concentration (relative to the total PDS [600 mg] weight; ie, 180 mg of each antibiotic) and mixed together via stirring.
Results
Scanning electron microscopic images reveal a homogeneous accumulation of A. naeslundii and E. faecalis as a dual-species biofilm after 7 days of culture on dentin (Fig. 1A and B). Morphologically, it is possible to identify both the cocci-shaped E. faecalis and rod-shaped A. naeslundii bacterial cells in high numbers over most of the dentin surface. CLSM analysis showed efficient and significant elimination (Table 1) of viable bacteria upon triple antibiotic–containing polymer nanofiber (Fig. 1
Discussion
In the past decade, tissue engineering strategies have been more dynamically explored as a clinical strategy to regenerate the pulp-dentin complex of immature permanent teeth with pulpal necrosis (1). It is important to bear in mind that successful regenerative endodontics require effective root canal disinfection with no or minimal harm to stem cells and growth factor release present within the dentin matrix (27). To that end, the concept of antibiotic-releasing nanofibers was recently
Acknowledgments
Supported by start-up funds from Indiana University School of Dentistry, an International Development Funds (IDF) Grant from Indiana University Purdue University (IUPUI/OVCR), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) (grant no. DE023552) (M.C.B.). Supported by the Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, funded by in part by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences,
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