Original ArticlesCD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells in patients with Kawasaki disease
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Patients
All patients enrolled in this study were admitted to the Kyushu University Hospital or its affiliated hospitals between December 2002 and May 2003. The patient group consisted of 54 patients (median age, 30 months; 27 female and 27 male patients) fulfilling the criteria for KD.30 No patients had coronary arterial lesions. CD4+CD25+ cells were analyzed in 54 patients before treatment with 1 g·kg−1·d−1 intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and in the defervescence phase approximately 48 to 72 hours
CD25+CD4+ cells in KD
We first analyzed the proportions of CD25+CD4+ cells in the peripheral blood of 54 patients with KD by using flow cytometry. As shown in Figure 1, a, the proportions of CD25+CD4+ cells at the acute phase of KD (median, 2.35%; 10th percentile, 1.25%; and 90th percentile, 3.48% of total lymphocytes) were significantly lower than those in healthy control subjects (median, 3.15%; 10th percentile, 2.21%; and 90th percentile, 4.34%). At the defervescence phase of KD, these cell proportions
Discussion
Regulatory T cells are naturally occurring lymphocytes that have been shown to play central roles in immune regulation. Baecher-Allan et al33 demonstrated that the regulatory CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood of healthy human subjects preferentially reside within the CD25high CD4+ T-cell population. Although specific molecular markers for regulatory T cells in human subjects have not yet been fully established, it is suggested that Foxp3, CTLA4, and GITR are associated with regulatory T cells.27.
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