Original ArticleDevelopment of Hypertension in Adolescents with Pre-Hypertension
Section snippets
Methods
Between 2000 and 2007, >18 000 children aged 10 to 19 years participated in a school-based BP screening program performed within 21 secondary schools of the Houston and Katy, Texas Independent School districts by the University of Texas–Houston Pediatric and Adolescent Hypertension Program. Schools were selected on the basis of willingness to participate and published demographic characteristics, with a goal of maintaining a roughly equal number of African-American, Caucasian, and Hispanic
Results
A total of 1193 students were identified with repeated participation in the screening database. The final cohort included 1006 students, 926 of whom participated in the screening process twice, and 80 of whom participated on 3 or more occasions. Students excluded consisted of 129 with <3 valid BP readings per record, 30 with confirmed HTN at baseline, and 28 with a BP ≥95th percentile, but inadequate follow-up to determine baseline BP status. Demographic data at baseline by initial BP category
Discussion
Our study showed that the rate of development of HTN in adolescents as a whole is relatively low at 0.5% to 0.8% per year. This rate increased significantly in adolescents with an elevated BP on multiple occasions and in obese students. Obarzanek et al12 reported a similar incidence of 5% at 8 years for African-American girls, but a slightly lower incidence in Caucasian girls at 2.1% at 8 years; however, these rates were based on two BP measurement sessions separated by 1 year. Race did not
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Portions of the screening program were funded by unrestricted grants from AstraZeneca, Daiichi Sankyo, and King Pharmaceuticals. K.R. received salary support in part by an unrestricted grant from the Arkansas Children’s Hospital Research Institute and the Arkansas Bioscienses Institute, the major research component of the Tobacco Settlement Proceeds Act of 2000. These companies and institutions had no input into the design, content, or interpretation of the study or the development of this manuscript. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.