Prescription opioid (PO)-dependent treatment presentations are becoming increasingly common; however, most research on the treatment of opioid-dependent populations has been conducted in heroin users. The aim of this secondary data analysis was to compare the buprenorphine induction experience of 167 heroin and 61 PO users. Results demonstrate that although the groups differed on some baseline characteristics, many of the key induction experience variables were comparable between the groups. Heroin users were found to have significantly higher preinduction Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) scores (p = .014) and postinduction COWS score (p = .008) compared with the PO users. No differences between groups were found for self-reported craving and withdrawal scores, mean buprenorphine dose on Day 1, or retention at the end of the first week. The findings of this study suggest that existing buprenorphine induction practices developed for heroin users appear to be equally effective with PO users.
