Laboratory investigationComparing Strategies for Operator Eye Protection in the Interventional Radiology Suite
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
Using an Integris Allura fluoroscopy system (Philips, Eindhoven, The Netherlands) with an image intensifier 3 cm above the upper abdominal skin surface of an anthropomorphic patient phantom (Real-bone Sectional Phantom; Radiology Support Devices, Long Beach, California) and a 15-cm field of view, low-dose fluoroscopy was performed using an under-table tube system in posteroanterior (PA; 70 kVp, 4.6 mA) and 15° left (75 kVp, 4.2 mA) and right anterior oblique (72 kVp, 4.4 mA) projections. An
Operator Position at the Groin
During low-dose fluoroscopy (Table 1), the reference lens dose rate obtained with the image intensifier situated 3 cm above the upper abdominal skin surface with a leaded table skirt in place was 0.49 mSv/h (56.2 mR/h). Low-dose fluoroscopy with an inappropriately high position of the image intensifier (20 cm above upper abdominal surface, such as might be encountered when observing early trainee operations) was associated with a twofold increase in lens dose rate versus the reference dose
Discussion
The lens is a biconvex structure of the eye, suspended by its attachments to the ciliary muscles between the iris and the vitreous body. Contraction or relaxation of the ciliary muscles alters the thickness of the lens, permitting accommodation—the ability to sharply focus on objects near or far. The lens fibers are continuously renewed throughout life by progenitor epithelial cells located at the lens periphery. Opacities in the normally transparent lens are termed cataracts. Whether
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Cited by (0)
S.B.S. serves as an advisor and researcher for GE Research (Niskayuna, New York) and Angiodynamics (Queensbury, New York) and as a paid consultant for Johnson and Johnson (Warren, New Jersey) and Althera (New York, New York). None of the other authors have identified a conflict of interest.
From the SIR 2009 Annual Meeting.