Short CommunicationGenetic polymorphisms for 19 X-STR loci of Sichuan Han ethnicity and its comparison with Chinese populations
Introduction
Short tandem repeat loci located on the X-chromosome (X-STR) have been evidenced to possess a wide range of forensic utilizations, especially in complicated kinship identification [1]. Because of its characteristic inheritance along with gender, X-STR played a complementary role in forensic analysis using autosomal, Y-chromosomal or mitochondrial genetic markers [2]. Recently, more and more X-STR loci were detected and developed as X-chromosomal STR amplification kit which can be applied in forensic science and population genetic study. The commercially available forensic X-chromosomal typing kit of the AGCU X19 can type 19 X-STR loci comprising seven linkage groups (DXS8378-DXS10148-DXS10135 [3], DXS10159-DXS10164-DXS10162 [4], DXS7132-DXS10079-DXS10075-DXS10074 [5], DXS6789-DXS6809 [6], DXS7424-DXS101 [7], DXS10103-DXS10101-HPRTB [5] and DXS7423-DXS10134 [8]) in one multiplex amplification [9].
Population data on the 19 X-STR loci and population relationship characteristics revealed by X-STR were relatively lack in the Chinese populations consisted of 56 ethnic groups. The Chinese Han ethnic group, with a population more than 1.240 billion, was widely distributed in different administrative divisions in the mainland of the People's Republic of China. The aims of our study were to investigate genetic polymorphisms of the aforementioned X-STR loci in the Sichuan Han population and explore the genetic relationships between the Sichuan Han population and other 11 reference Chinese populations.
Section snippets
Population
In the present study, a total of 201 blood samples (93 females and 108 males) of the Chinese Han population were obtained from Sichuan Province, western China (Fig. 1). Our study protocol was approved by the medical ethics committee of Sichuan University and informed contents of all subjects who have lived in Sichuan at least three generations were obtained before sample collection.
Extraction
Peripheral blood (400 μL) was collected in EDTA tubes by syringe needle. Human genomic DNA was extracted using the
Forensic characteristics
Tables S1 and S2 listed the genotypes of 108 male and 93 female individuals residing in Sichuan Province. As indicated in Table 1, no departure from the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium testing was detected in female individuals after Bonferroni adjustment (p < 0.0026). Pairwise linkage disequilibrium testing was performed in both female population (Table S3) and male population (Table S4). After Bonferroni correction, only the male data showed the deviation from linkage equilibrium between the
Conclusions
In summary, genetic polymorphisms of 19 X-STR loci included in AGCU X19 PCR amplification kit in the Chinese Western Han population were investigated. All X-STR loci and linkage groups are informative and highly polymorphic in the Sichuan Han population, which can be used as a complementary tool in the forensic applications, especially in deficiency cases and other complicated kinship identification. In addition, the results from population comparisons and phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that
Conflict of interests
None.
Acknowledges
This study was supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Support Program (2014SZ0012).
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2019, Forensic Science International: Genetics