ReviewCryptorchidism and endocrine disrupting chemicals
Under a Creative Commons license
open access
Highlights
► Some studies suggest that the rate of cryptorchidism has increased since the 1950s. ► Lifestyle factors and environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals EDCs may have a role. ► Chemicals with estrogenic/antiandrogenic effect have caused cryptorchidism in animals. ► Some epidemiological studies suggest linkage between EDC exposure and cryptorchidism. ► More studies are needed to confirm prior results and to evaluate combined exposures.
Abbreviations
AGD
anogenital distance
AGI
anogenital index
AhR
aryl hydrocarbon receptor
AMH
anti-Müllerian hormone
AR
androgen receptor
ARNT
aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator
BBP
benzyl butyl phthalate
CGRP
calcitonin gene-related peptide
cis-HE
cis-heptachloroepoxide
CSL
cranial suspensory ligament
DBP
di-n-butyl phthalate
DDT
1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-di(4-chlorophenyl)ethane
DEHP
di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate
DES
diethylstilbestrol
E2B
estradiol benzoate
ED
embryonic day
EDC
endocrine disrupting chemical
ERα
estrogen receptor α
FSH
follicle-stimulating hormone
GREAT
G protein-coupled receptor affecting testicular descent
HCB
heptachlorobenzene
HCE
heptachloroepoxide
HCH
hexachlorocyclohexane
β-HCH
β-hexachlorocyclohexane
Insl3
insulin-like peptide 3
LGR8
leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 8
LH
luteinizing hormone
M1
2-[[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-carbamoyl]oxy]-2-methyl-3-butenoic acid
M2
3′,5′-dichloro-2hydroxy-2-methylbut-3-enanilide
mBP
mono-n-butyl phthalate
mBzP
mono-benzyl phthalate
mCPP
mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate
mEHHP
mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate
mEHP
mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate
mEOHP
mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate
mEP
mono-ethyl phthalate
miBP
mono-isobutyl phthalate
miNP
mono-isononyl phthalate
mMP
mono-methyl phthalate
PBB
polybrominated biphenyl
PBDE
polybrominated diphenyl ether
PCB
polychlorinated biphenyl
PCDD
polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin
PCDF
polychlorinated dibenzofuran
PE
phthalate ester
p,p′-DDE
1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene
PVC
polyvinyl chloride
RXFP2
relaxin-family peptide receptor 2
T
testosterone
TCDD
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
TDS
testicular dysgenesis syndrome
SHBG
sex hormone-binding globulin
Keywords
Cryptorchidism
Testis
Endocrine disrupting chemical
Cited by (0)
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.